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Флаг послов Соединенных Штатов Америки
Президент Кеннеди с группой послов в марте 1961 г.

Послы Соединенных Штатов - это лица, назначенные президентом в качестве послов для работы в качестве дипломатов Соединенных Штатов в отдельных странах мира, в международных организациях и в качестве послов по особым поручениям . Их назначение должно быть подтверждено в Сенате Соединенных Штатов . [1] Посол может быть назначен во время перерыва , но он или она может служить послом только до конца следующей сессии Конгресса, если это не будет подтверждено впоследствии. [2] Послы служат «по воле президента», то есть могут быть уволены в любой момент. Назначения регулярно меняются по разным причинам, например, при переводе на другую работу или выходе на пенсию.

Посол может быть кадровым сотрудником дипломатической службы (кадровый дипломат - CD) или политическим назначенцем (PA). В большинстве случаев карьерные офицеры дипломатической службы служат в течение примерно трех лет на должность посла, тогда как политические назначенцы обычно подают в отставку после инаугурации нового президента. Поскольку посольства подпадают под юрисдикцию Государственного департамента , послы подчиняются непосредственно Государственному секретарю .

Государственный департамент США предоставляют списки послов , которые периодически обновляются. [3] ( Последний список был опубликован 4 декабря 2018 г. [4] Еще 24 кандидата были утверждены 2 января 2019 г., и ряд постов послов остаются вакантными.) Список бывших глав миссий по странам сохраняется. в бюро историка Госдепартамента США . [5] Этот же офис ведет список имен и дат назначения прошлых и нынешних послов по особым поручениям [6], а также руководителей миссий в международных организациях. [7]Эта информация также может быть доступна на последних страницах вышеупомянутых периодически обновляемых списков зарубежных послов. [3]

Текущие послы США [ править ]

Обратите внимание, что информация в этом списке может изменяться в связи с регулярными кадровыми изменениями в результате выхода на пенсию и переназначений. Госдепартамент публикует обновленные списки послов примерно ежемесячно, доступные через интерактивный веб-сайт с меню. [8]

Ambassadors to international organizations[edit]

Current ambassadors from the United States to international organizations:

Ambassadors-at-Large[edit]

Current Ambassadors-at-Large from the United States with worldwide responsibility:[81][82]

Other Chiefs of Mission[edit]

Senior diplomatic representatives of the United States hosted in posts other than embassies. Unlike other consulates, these persons report directly to the Secretary of State.

Special Envoys, Representatives and Coordinators[edit]

These diplomatic officials report directly to the Secretary of State. Many oversee a portfolio not restricted to one nation, often an overall goal, and are not usually subject to Senate confirmation.[87][82][88] Unlike the State Department offices and diplomats listed in other sections of this Article, the offices and special envoys/representatives/coordinators listed in this Section are created and staffed by direction of top Federal Executive administrators – primarily U.S. Presidents and Secretaries of State – whose political or organizational management philosophies may not be shared by their successors.[89][90][91] As such, many of these positions may go unfilled upon assumption of office by successor Presidential Administrations, with their offices sometimes merged with or subsumed into other offices, or abolished altogether.

Nations without exchange of ambassadors[edit]

  • Bhutan: According to the U.S. State Department, "The United States and the Kingdom of Bhutan have not established formal diplomatic relations; however, the two governments have informal and cordial relations."[120] Informal contact with the nation of Bhutan is maintained through the U.S. Embassy in New Delhi.[120]
  • Iran: On April 7, 1980, the United States broke diplomatic relations with Iran after the 1979 Iranian Revolution.[121] On April 24, 1981, the Swiss government assumed representation of U.S. interests in Tehran, and Algeria assumed representation of Iranian interests in the United States.[122] Currently, Iranian interests in the United States are represented by the government of Pakistan. The U.S. Department of State named Iran a "State Sponsor of Terrorism" on January 19, 1984.[123]
  • North Korea: The Democratic People's Republic of Korea is not on friendly terms with the United States, and while talks between the two countries are ongoing, there is no exchange of ambassadors. Sweden functions as Protective Power for the United States in Pyongyang and performs limited consular responsibilities for U.S. citizens in North Korea.[124]
  • Taiwan: With the normalization of relations with the People's Republic of China in 1979, the United States has not maintained official diplomatic relations with Taiwan. Relations between Taiwan and the United States are maintained through an unofficial instrumentality, the Taipei Economic and Cultural Representative Office, with headquarters in Taipei and field offices in Washington, D.C., and twelve other U.S. cities. The Taipei Office of the American Institute in Taiwan, a non-profit, public corporation, functions as a de facto embassy, performing most consular functions and staffed by Foreign Service Officers who are formally "on leave".[125]

Notable past ambassadors[edit]

Many well-known individuals have served the United States as ambassadors, or in formerly analogous positions such as envoy, including several who also became President of the United States (indicated in boldface below). Some notable ambassadors have included:

Ambassadors killed in office[edit]

Eight United States Ambassadors have been killed in office – six of them by armed attack and the other two in plane crashes.[126]

Ambassadors to past countries[edit]

  • Czechoslovakia
  • East Germany
  • Hawaii
  • Prussia
  • North Yemen
  • South Vietnam
  • South Yemen
  • Texas
  • Yugoslavia

See also[edit]

  • Chief of Protocol of the United States
  • List of ambassadors to the United States
  • List of United States Foreign Service Career Ambassadors
  • List of LGBT ambassadors of the United States
  • United States Ambassadors appointed by Donald Trump
  • United States Ambassadors appointed by Joe Biden

Notes and references[edit]

  1. ^ U.S. Senate – Powers & Procedure Archived October 10, 2017, at the Wayback Machine, Senate.gov; retrieved May 25, 2012.
  2. ^ Henry B. Hogue. "Recess Appointments: Frequently Asked Questions" (PDF). Congressional Research Service, the Library of Congress. Archived (PDF) from the original on December 29, 2017. Retrieved May 25, 2012.
  3. ^ a b "U.S. Ambassadors: Current List of Ambassadorial Appointments Overseas (listings arranged by date)". state.gov. U.S. Department of State. Retrieved June 24, 2018.
  4. ^ "Ambassadorial Assignments Overseas" (PDF). U.S. Department of State. December 4, 2018. Archived from the original (PDF) on December 7, 2018. Retrieved December 6, 2018.
  5. ^ "Chiefs of Mission Listed by Country". U.S. Department of State. Archived from the original on May 12, 2017. Retrieved June 24, 2018.
  6. ^ "Ambassadors at Large". U.S. Department of State. Archived from the original on July 7, 2018. Retrieved July 18, 2018.
  7. ^ "Chiefs of Mission to International Organizations". U.S. Department of State. Archived from the original on July 6, 2018. Retrieved July 18, 2018.
  8. ^ Burns, William Joseph; Thomas-Greenfield, Linda (September 23, 2020). "The Transformation of Diplomacy: How to Save the State Department". Foreign Affairs. Vol. 99 no. 6. ISSN 0015-7120.
  9. ^ a b The U.S. Ambassador to Spain, resident at Madrid, is also accredited to Andorra.
  10. ^ a b c d e f g The United States Ambassador to Barbados and the Eastern Caribbean, resident in Bridgetown, Barbados, is concurrently accredited to Antigua and Barbuda, Barbados, Dominica, Grenada, Saint Kitts and Nevis, Saint Lucia, and Saint Vincent and the Grenadines.
  11. ^ a b c d e f g Leandro Rizzuto nominated & name resubmitted to Senate Jan. 16, 2019. "PN136 – Leandro Rizzuto – Department of State". www.congress.gov. January 16, 2019. Archived from the original on January 19, 2019. Retrieved January 17, 2019.
  12. ^ "Charge d'Affaires Stephanie Bowers". bs.usembassy.gov. Archived from the original on January 9, 2019. Retrieved January 17, 2019.
  13. ^ "Chargé d'Affaires Keith R. Gilges". July 28, 2018. Archived from the original on October 7, 2018. Retrieved December 12, 2018.
  14. ^ "Chargée d'Affaires Charisse Phillips | U.S. Embassy in Bolivia". November 1, 2020. Archived from the original on November 1, 2020. Retrieved November 25, 2020.
  15. ^ In 1989 the military government of Burma changed the name of the nation to Myanmar, but the United States government – and other Western governments – still refer to the country as Burma in official usage. See Myanmar.
  16. ^ Embassy suspended operations on December 28, 2012. French embassy acted as protecting power from April 25, 2013. Relations resumed from September 15, 2014
  17. ^ "Department of State – Central African Republic: Resumption of Operations at Embassy Bangui". Archived from the original on October 2, 2017. Retrieved May 23, 2019.
  18. ^ "7 FAM 1022 – Bilateral Protecting Power Arrangements". Archived from the original on December 22, 2015. Retrieved January 12, 2016.
  19. ^ "Ambassador Geeta Pasi Named to Senior Position at the Department of State in Washington, D.C." td.usembassy.gov. August 31, 2018. Archived from the original on September 29, 2018. Retrieved December 12, 2018.
  20. ^ "Chargé d'Affaires, a.i. Jessica Davis Ba". td.usembassy.gov. Retrieved January 15, 2020.
  21. ^ "Chargé d'Affaires a.i. Richard Glen". cl.usembassy.gov. December 19, 2017. Archived from the original on February 28, 2019. Retrieved January 14, 2021.
  22. ^ a b One ambassador, resident at Antananarivo, is accredited to Madagascar and Comoros.
  23. ^ "Chargé d'Affaires Timothy Zúñiga-Brown". U.S. Embassy in Cuba. Retrieved March 3, 2021.
  24. ^ "Charge d'Affaires Steven C. Walker". er.usembassy.gov. Archived from the original on December 21, 2018. Retrieved August 25, 2020.
  25. ^ On April 19, 2018, King Mswati III of Swaziland announced a change of the English language form of his country’s name from Swaziland to Eswatini. "Appendix A: Notes on Nationality (from Report of the Visa Office 2018)" (PDF). travel.state.gov. Archived (PDF) from the original on February 27, 2019. Retrieved February 27, 2019.
  26. ^ a b c d e One ambassador, resident at Suva, is accredited to Fiji, Kiribati, Nauru, Tonga, and Tuvalu. Source U.S. Embassy Suva Archived February 14, 2018, at the Wayback Machine.
  27. ^ a b As of December 2006, the U.S. ambassador to France is also accredited to Monaco.
  28. ^ a b One ambassador, resident at Libreville, is accredited to Gabon and São Tomé and Príncipe. Source: U.S. State Department Archived June 4, 2019, at the Wayback Machine
  29. ^ a b "Chargé d'Affaires a.i., Robert E. Whitehead". State Department. Archived from the original on July 18, 2019. Retrieved August 6, 2019.
  30. ^ "Chargée d'Affaires Robin S. Quinville". U.S. Embassy & Consulates in Germany. Retrieved June 23, 2020.
  31. ^ a b One ambassador, resident at Dakar, is accredited to Guinea-Bissau and Senegal.
  32. ^ a b The U.S. Ambassador to Rome is also accredited to San Marino. The U.S. Consulate in Florence handles matters concerned with San Marino.
  33. ^ "Chargé d'Affaires ad interim". U.S. Embassy & Consulates in Japan. Archived from the original on May 18, 2017. Retrieved August 12, 2019.
  34. ^ a b One ambassador, resident at Bern, is accredited to Switzerland and Liechtenstein.
  35. ^ a b One ambassador, resident at Colombo, is accredited to Maldives and Sri Lanka.
  36. ^ Christine J. Toretti nominated & name resubmitted to Senate Jan. 16, 2019. "PN145 – Christine J. Toretti – Department of State". www.congress.gov. January 16, 2019. Archived from the original on January 19, 2019. Retrieved January 17, 2019.
  37. ^ "Chargé d'Affaires Mark A. Schapiro". mt.usembassy.gov. Archived from the original on January 26, 2019. Retrieved January 17, 2019.
  38. ^ https://www.state.gov/wp-content/uploads/2021/01/2021-01-29-Ambassador-Assignments-Overseas-Report.pdf
  39. ^ a b One ambassador, resident at Port Louis, is accredited to Mauritius and Seychelles.
  40. ^ Until December 2006, the United States and Monaco had no formal diplomatic relations (exchange of ambassadors). The U.S. Consul General in Marseille, France, under the authority of the U.S. Ambassador to France, managed relations with Monaco. In December 2006, the United States and Monaco upgraded from consular to full diplomatic relations and Ambassador Craig Stapleton (France) was accredited to Monaco. Source: Department of State: Background notes on Monaco Archived June 4, 2019, at the Wayback Machine, U.S. Embassy in France: U.S. Diplomatic Mission to Monaco Archived July 7, 2018, at the Wayback Machine.
  41. ^ a b One ambassador, resident at Wellington, is accredited to New Zealand and Samoa.
  42. ^ American citizens who travel to North Korea do so at their own risk and in some cases in violation of U.S. and/or UN sanctions.
  43. ^ "Chargé d'Affaires a.i. Paul W. Jones". pk.usembassy.gov. Archived from the original on December 16, 2018. Retrieved December 12, 2018.
  44. ^ a b Until 2005 one ambassador, resident at Manila, was accredited to the Philippines and Palau. Source: CIA World Factbook . Helen Reed-Rowe is the first ambassador to Palau to be confirmed in 2010.
  45. ^ "Chargé d'Affaires a.i. Stewart Tuttle". pa.usembassy.gov. Archived from the original on December 21, 2018. Retrieved January 21, 2021.
  46. ^ a b c One ambassador, resident at Port Moresby, is accredited to Papua New Guinea, Solomon Islands, and Vanuatu.
  47. ^ "Chargé d'Affaires John C. Law". U.S. Embassy in the Philippines. Retrieved November 22, 2020.
  48. ^ "Chargé d'Affaires, a.i. B. Bix Aliu". U.S. Embassy in Poland. Retrieved January 20, 2021.
  49. ^ "Chargé d'Affaires, a.i. William Grant". November 30, 2017. Archived from the original on October 18, 2018. Retrieved December 10, 2018.
  50. ^ https://www.state.gov/wp-content/uploads/2021/01/2021-01-29-Ambassador-Assignments-Overseas-Report.pdf
  51. ^ "Chargé d'Affaires, ad interim". sg.usembassy.gov. Archived from the original on November 7, 2018. Retrieved December 20, 2018.
  52. ^ "U.S. Embassy Singapore Announces the Arrival of Chargé d'Affaires, a.i. Rafik Mansour". U.S. Embassy in Singapore. August 1, 2019. Archived from the original on August 14, 2019. Retrieved August 14, 2019.
  53. ^ "Susan K. Falatko is now Charge d'Affaires at the U.S. Embassy in Ljubljana". U.S. Embassy in Slovenia. January 20, 2021. Retrieved January 20, 2021.
  54. ^ Managed through the U.S. Embassy in Kenya. The United States has no diplomatic relations with Somalia. The last ambassador to Somalia was James Bishop when the embassy in Mogadishu was closed on January 5, 1991. Source: U.S State Department Archived November 17, 2017, at the Wayback Machine.
  55. ^ "Virtual Presence Post Somalia". Archived from the original on May 17, 2008. Retrieved July 31, 2008.
  56. ^ The U.S. Embassy in Khartoum was closed on February 7, 1996. Timothy Michael Carney was the last ambassador to Sudan. The embassy was reopened on May 23, 2002, with Jeffrey Millington as Chargé d'Affaires ad interim. There has been no U.S. ambassador in Khartoum since then. Source U.S. Department of State Archived November 17, 2017, at the Wayback Machine.
  57. ^ "Chargé d'Affaires Steven Koutsis". sd.usembassy.gov. Archived from the original on December 15, 2018. Retrieved December 12, 2018.
  58. ^ After formal relations were reestablished in 2010 after five years, the embassy was again suspended on February 6, 2014. Poland became the protecting power until its embassy closed on July 27, at which point the Czech Republic took responsibility.
  59. ^ The ambassador to the U.K. is known as the "Ambassador to the Court of St. James's".
  60. ^ President Chavez ordered the expulsion of the U.S. Ambassador, John Duddy, on September 11, 2008, in solidarity with the Bolivian government's decision to expel the U.S. Ambassador in La Paz. The U.S. Government ordered the reciprocal expulsion of the Venezuelan Ambassador in Washington. Source: U.S. Department of State Background Notes on Venezuela Archived June 4, 2019, at the Wayback Machine
  61. ^ "Chargé d'Affaires James "Jimmy" Story". ve.usembassy.gov. Archived from the original on December 7, 2018. Retrieved December 13, 2018.
  62. ^ "Chargé d'Affaires, ad interim David J. Young". U.S. Embassy in Zambia. Retrieved August 18, 2020.
  63. ^ The US neither recognizes Moroccan claims to sovereignty over Western Sahara. Sources: Western Sahara, Foreign relations of Western Sahara, Foreign relations of Morocco.
  64. ^ "Chargé d'Affaires, a.i. Melissa A. Brown". asean.usmission.gov. Retrieved August 22, 2020.
  65. ^ https://icao.usmission.gov/our-relationship/cda/
  66. ^ https://nato.usmission.gov/our-relationship/our-ambassador/#:~:text=Douglas%20Jones%20took%20up%20his,Affaires%20a.i.%20in%20January%202021.
  67. ^ Pamela Bates nominated & name resubmitted to Senate Jan. 16, 2019. "PN106 – Pamela Bates – Department of State". www.congress.gov. Archived from the original on January 20, 2019. Retrieved January 19, 2019.
  68. ^ https://usoecd.usmission.gov/our-relationship/our-ambassador/
  69. ^ The U.S. Permanent Representative to the OPCW is based at the U.S. Embassy in The Hague "Our Relationship". nl.usembassy.gov. Archived from the original on December 23, 2018. Retrieved December 22, 2018.
  70. ^ "Ambassador Kenneth D. Ward (OPCW)". nl.usembassy.gov. Archived from the original on December 23, 2018. Retrieved December 22, 2018.
  71. ^ James S. Gilmore nominated & name resubmitted to Senate Jan. 16, 2019. "PN124 – James S. Gilmore – Department of State". www.congress.gov. Archived from the original on January 20, 2019. Retrieved January 19, 2019.
  72. ^ "Chargé d'Affaires, a.i., Harry Kamian". Archived from the original on January 8, 2019. Retrieved January 19, 2019.
  73. ^ https://usoas.usmission.gov/our-relationship/interim-permanent-rep/
  74. ^ Nauert, Heather (October 12, 2017). "The United States Withdraws From UNESCO". www.state.gov. Archived from the original on December 19, 2018. Retrieved December 22, 2018.
  75. ^ Kraemer, Tania (January 1, 2019). "Goodbye, UNESCO: Israel and US quit UN heritage agency". Archived from the original on January 1, 2019. Retrieved January 1, 2019.
  76. ^ Haley, Nikki; Pompeo, Mike (June 19, 2018). "Remarks on the UN Human Rights Council". Retrieved December 22, 2018.
  77. ^ a b "Mark Cassayre, Chargé d'Affaires, ad interim". Archived from the original on January 9, 2019. Retrieved January 19, 2019.
  78. ^ Andrew P. Bremberg nominated & name resubmitted to Senate Jan. 16, 2019. "PN110 – Andrew P. Bremberg – United Nations". www.congress.gov. Archived from the original on January 19, 2019. Retrieved January 19, 2019.
  79. ^ https://usunrome.usmission.gov/our-relationship/our-ambassador/
  80. ^ https://vienna.usmission.gov/our-relationship/our-ambassador/
  81. ^ "United States Ambassadors at Large". Archived from the original on January 17, 2017. Retrieved February 3, 2017.
  82. ^ a b "Assistant Secretaries and Other Senior Officials". Archived from the original on May 21, 2018. Retrieved May 23, 2019.
  83. ^ a b Since 2015 office has been titled 'Office of the U.S. Global AIDS Coordinator and Health Diplomacy'
  84. ^ https://www.state.gov/biographies/kari-johnstone/
  85. ^ While solely accredited to Curaçao, the Consul General is responsible for all the countries and special municipalities of the former Netherlands Antilles, including Aruba, Curaçao, Sint Maarten, Bonaire, Saba and Sint Eustatius.
  86. ^ a b The United States Consul General to Hong Kong, resident in Hong Kong, is concurrently accredited to Macau.
  87. ^ "Special Envoys, Representatives and Coordinators". American Foreign Service Association. January 7, 2019. Archived from the original on January 18, 2019. Retrieved January 22, 2019.
  88. ^ "Alphabetical List of Bureaus and Offices". Archived from the original on July 1, 2019. Retrieved May 23, 2019.
  89. ^ Torres-Bennett, Aileen (October 31, 2017). "Tillerson Wants to Whittle Down Number of Special Envoys". washdiplomat.com. Archived from the original on November 1, 2017. Retrieved January 1, 2019.
  90. ^ a b c d e Labott, Elise; Gaouette, Nicole; Herb, Jeremy (August 29, 2017). "First on CNN: Tillerson moves to ditch special envoys". www.cnn.com. Archived from the original on March 10, 2018. Retrieved January 1, 2019.
  91. ^ a b c d e f Kanowitz, Stephanie (October 31, 2017). "SIDEBAR: Who's In and Who's Out". washdiplomat.com. Archived from the original on November 1, 2017. Retrieved January 1, 2019.
  92. ^ "Inspection of the Bureau of South and Central Asian Affairs" (PDF). www.oversight.gov. February 2018. Archived (PDF) from the original on April 24, 2018. Retrieved December 22, 2018. With the creation of the Secretary of State’s Office of the Special Representative for Afghanistan and Pakistan (S/SRAP) in 2009, the country desks for Afghanistan and Pakistan transferred out of SCA to the new entity. However, in June 2017, the Department reintegrated S/SRAP’s Afghanistan and Pakistan offices and its policy, support, foreign assistance, and leadership functions into SCA
  93. ^ "Key State Department Arctic Officials". www.state.gov. Archived from the original on November 16, 2017. Retrieved December 22, 2018.
  94. ^ "Sandra Oudkirk". United States Department of State. Retrieved October 7, 2020.
  95. ^ "Jim Kulikowski". United States Department of State. Retrieved October 7, 2020.
  96. ^ "Ambassador Robert Wood – U.S. Permanent Representative to the CD". geneva.usmission.gov. Archived from the original on December 24, 2018. Retrieved December 23, 2018.
  97. ^ Last to hold the position (2014-2015) was W. Stuart Symington. "W. Stuart Symington". state.gov. Archived from the original on October 2, 2017. Retrieved December 23, 2018.
  98. ^ "Dan Negrea". United States Department of State. Retrieved October 7, 2020.
  99. ^ https://www.state.gov/biographies/john-t-godfrey/
  100. ^ "State Department's top cyber diplomat announces departure". www.cyberscoop.com. July 18, 2017. Archived from the original on December 25, 2018. Retrieved December 25, 2018.
  101. ^ Chris Painter [@C_Painter] (July 28, 2017). "On my final day in this role, a reminder on this #FlashbackFriday of the importance of #Diplomacy in #Cyberspace – hint, it's important!" (Tweet). Retrieved January 1, 2019 – via Twitter.
  102. ^ Archive of original/discontinued State Dept. webpage. "Office of U.S. Fissile Material Negotiator and Senior Cutoff Coordinator's Operation (ISN/FM)". www.state.gov. Retrieved December 29, 2018.
  103. ^ "James F. Jeffrey". United States Department of State. Retrieved October 7, 2020.
  104. ^ "Lea Gabrielle". United States Department of State. Retrieved October 7, 2020.
  105. ^ https://www.state.gov/biographies/angeli-achrekar/
  106. ^ "Randy Berry is no longer US LGBTI envoy". www.washingtonblade.com. November 30, 2017. Archived from the original on December 28, 2018. Retrieved December 27, 2018.
  107. ^ "RELIGION AND GLOBAL AFFAIRS" (PDF). state.gov. February 27, 2015. Retrieved December 31, 2018. Alt URL
  108. ^ Moore, Diane L.; Pandith, Farah; Seiple, Chris; Wertheimer, Linda K. (moderator) (May 9, 2018). "Religious Literacy in Global Affairs (panel discussion)". www.cfr.org. Archived from the original on December 31, 2018. Retrieved December 31, 2018.
  109. ^ Winters, Michael Sean (March 2, 2018). "Shaun Casey's legacy on religion in US diplomacy dismantled". www.ncronline.org. Archived from the original on March 4, 2018. Retrieved December 30, 2018.
  110. ^ "Biography – Knox Thames". state.gov. Archived from the original on May 21, 2018. Retrieved December 30, 2018.
  111. ^ "Ambassador J. Peter Pham". U.S. Department of State. Retrieved November 12, 2020.
  112. ^ "The Six-Party Talks at a Glance". www.armscontrol.org. June 21, 2018. Archived from the original on December 29, 2018. Retrieved December 30, 2018.
  113. ^ "Inspection of U.S. Mission to Somalia" (PDF). stateoig.gov. October 2018. Archived (PDF) from the original on October 31, 2018. Retrieved December 30, 2018. From May 2007 to September 2015, U.S. Special Envoys (later Special Representatives) and their staffs worked in the Somalia Unit, housed within Embassy Nairobi.
  114. ^ "Q&A: Sudan, South Sudan Wars--Special Envoy Needed?". www.usip.org. September 14, 2017. Archived from the original on December 13, 2018. Retrieved December 30, 2018.
  115. ^ Campbell, John (August 30, 2017). "Secretary Tillerson to End Special Envoy to the Sudans". www.cfr.org. Archived from the original on August 30, 2017. Retrieved December 30, 2018.
  116. ^ Karam, Joyce (July 5, 2018). "Changes at US National Security Council as Bolton shuffles Middle East staff". www.thenational.ae. Archived from the original on December 30, 2018. Retrieved December 30, 2018. There has also been no replacement for the United States Special Envoy for Syria Michael Ratney who left the position in April.
  117. ^ See also "Under Secretary for Civilian Security, Democracy, and Human Rights". www.state.gov. Archived from the original on October 11, 2017. Retrieved December 29, 2018.
  118. ^ a b Office established September 2015 by Secretary of State John Kerry. "Transparency Coordinator". www.state.gov. September 8, 2015. Archived from the original on April 25, 2017. Retrieved December 29, 2018.
  119. ^ Gerstein, Josh (September 8, 2015). "Kerry names State Department email and transparency czar". www.politico.com. Archived from the original on November 7, 2017. Retrieved December 29, 2018.
  120. ^ a b "Bhutan (08/04)". United States Department of State.
  121. ^ Goshko, John M.; Walsh, Edward (April 8, 1980). "U.S. Breaks Diplomatic Ties With Iran: Carter Breaks Ties, Orders Ouster of Iranian Diplomats". The Washington Post. p. A1. ProQuest 147221464.
  122. ^ "Former No. 2 Iran Diplomat To Be Allowed Back in U.S.". The Washington Post. April 25, 1980. p. A27. ProQuest 147210403.
  123. ^ "Chapter 3 – State Sponsors of Terrorism Overview". State.gov. Archived from the original on October 5, 2011. Retrieved September 4, 2011.
  124. ^ "The Embassy | SwedenAbroad". swedenabroad.com. Archived from the original on March 17, 2013. Retrieved October 10, 2016.
  125. ^ Roy, Denny (2003). Taiwan: a political history (1. publ. ed.). Ithaca: Cornell University Press. ISBN 9780801488054.
  126. ^ "US Ambassadors Killed in the Line of Duty". Associated Press. September 12, 2012. Archived from the original on September 12, 2012. Retrieved September 12, 2012.

External links[edit]

  • Websites of U.S. Embassies and Consulates
  • Principal Officers and Chiefs of Mission