2014 в палеонтологии

В науке: 2011 г.; 2012 г.; 2013; 2014 г.; 2015 г.; 2016 г.; 2017 г.

Виды, описанные в 2014 г.

Викискладе есть медиафайлы, связанные с палеонтологией 2014 года .

Палеонтология или палеонтология - это изучение доисторических форм жизни на Земле путем изучения окаменелостей растений и животных . ^[1] Это включает изучение окаменелостей тела, следов ( ихнитов ), нор , выброшенных частей, окаменелых фекалий ( копролитов ), палиноморф и химических остатков . Поскольку люди встречались с окаменелостями на протяжении тысячелетий, палеонтология имеет долгую историю как до, так и после того, как стала официально признанной наукой.. В этой статье описаны важные открытия и события, связанные с палеонтологией, которые произошли или были опубликованы в 2014 году.

Растения [ править ]

Книдарианцы [ править ]

Недавно описанные книдарийцы [ править ]

Имя	Новинка	Статус	Авторы	Возраст	Ед. изм	Место расположения	Заметки
Acanthophyllia indica ^[2]	Sp nov	Действительный	Джайн	Неоген		Индия	Каменистые кораллы .
Acanthophyllia patellata ^[2]	Sp nov	Действительный	Джайн	Неоген		Индия	Каменистые кораллы .
Acropora macrocalyx ^[3]	Sp. ноя	Действительно ^[4]	Уоллес и Боселлини	Ранний миоцен ( бурдигал )		Италия	Каменистый коралл , вид Acropora .
Acropora piedmontensis ^[3]	Sp. ноя	Действительно ^[4]	Уоллес и Боселлини	Ранний миоцен ( бурдигал )		Италия	Каменистый коралл , вид Acropora .
Acropora salentina ^[3]	Sp. ноя	Действительно ^[4]	Уоллес и Боселлини	Олигоцен ( хаттский )		Италия	Каменистый коралл , вид Acropora .
Acropora slovenica ^[3]	Sp. ноя	Действительно ^[4]	Уоллес и Боселлини	Олигоцен ( рупельский )	Кровати Горни Град	Словения	Каменистый коралл , вид Acropora .
Anisocoenia bhimpuraensis ^[2]	Sp nov	Действительный	Джайн	Неоген		Индия	Каменистые кораллы .
Antillia kathiawarensis ^[2]	Sp nov	Действительный	Джайн	Неоген		Индия	Каменистые кораллы .
Antillocyathus gopiae ^[2]	Sp nov	Действительный	Джайн	Неоген		Индия	Каменистые кораллы .
Арктистроцион ^[5]	Gen. et 2 sp. и т.д. ноя	Действительный	Федоровски и Стивенс	Каменноугольный ( башкирский )		Соединенные Штаты	Колониальный коралл, принадлежащий к подклассу Rugosa и семейству Lithostrotionidae . Типовой вид - Arctistrotion variabilis ; род также включает " Lithostrotionella " wahooensis Armstrong (1972) и Arctistrotion simplex .
Axophyllum cozari ^[6]	Sp. ноя	Действительный	Родригес и Сомервиль	Каменноугольный ( Viséan )		Испания	Морщинистые кораллы , принадлежащие к группе Stauriida и семье Axophyllidae .
Axophyllum julianaense ^[6]	Sp. ноя	Действительный	Родригес и Сомервиль	Каменноугольный ( серпуховский )		Испания	Морщинистые кораллы , принадлежащие к группе Stauriida и семье Axophyllidae .
Axophyllum spinosum ^[6]	Sp. ноя	Действительный	Родригес и Сомервиль	Каменноугольный ( серпуховский )		Испания	Морщинистые кораллы , принадлежащие к группе Stauriida и семье Axophyllidae .
Axophyllum spiralum ^[6]	Sp. ноя	Действительный	Родригес и Сомервиль	Каменноугольный ( Viséan )		Испания	Морщинистые кораллы , принадлежащие к группе Stauriida и семье Axophyllidae .
Balanophyllia feddeni ^[2]	Sp nov	Действительный	Джайн	Неоген		Индия	Каменистый коралл , вид Balanophyllia .
Cambroctoconus kygasstanicus ^[7]	Sp. ноя	Действительный	Пил в Geyer et al.	Кембрийский ( Амган )		Кыргызстан	Стволовой - гидроидный , вид Cambroctoconus .
Caryophyllia octamerala ^[2]	Sp nov	Действительный	Джайн	Неоген		Индия	Каменистый коралл , вид Caryophyllia .
Cyathoceras miocenica ^[2]	Sp nov	Действительный	Джайн	Неоген		Индия	Каменистые кораллы .
Cyphastrea stellata ^[2]	Sp nov	Действительный	Джайн	Неоген		Индия	Каменистые кораллы .
Dendrophyllia gajaensis ^[2]	Sp nov	Действительный	Джайн	Неоген		Индия	Каменистый коралл , вид Dendrophyllia .
Diploastrea gajaensis ^[2]	Sp nov	Действительный	Джайн	Неоген		Индия	Каменистый коралл , вид Diploastrea .
Diploastrea khatumbaensis ^[2]	Sp nov	Действительный	Джайн	Неоген		Индия	Каменистый коралл , вид Diploastrea .
Фавия сатьянараянай ^[2]	Sp nov	Действительный	Джайн	Неоген		Индия	Каменистый коралл , вид Favia .
Galaxea indica ^[2]	Sp nov	Действительный	Джайн	Неоген		Индия	Каменистый коралл , вид Galaxea .
Хаотия ^[8]	Gen. et sp. ноя	Действительный	Лю и др.	Поздний эдиакарский	Формация Фермёз	Канада	Вероятный книдарий, возможно, родственник Medusozoa . Типовой вид - Haootia quadriformis .
Halysites miyazakiensis ^[9]	Sp. ноя	Действительный	Нико и Адачи	Силурийский (ладлоу)	Формация Гионьяма	Япония	Tabulate коралл , принадлежащий к отряду Halysitida и семье Halysitidae .
Leptastrea lowraliensis ^[2]	Sp nov	Действительный	Джайн	Неоген		Индия	Каменистые кораллы .
Montastrea pandeyi ^[2]	Sp nov	Действительный	Джайн	Неоген		Индия	Каменистые кораллы .
Моренафиллум ^[6]	Gen. et 2 sp. и т.д. ноя	Действительный	Родригес и Сомервиль	Каменноугольный		Казахстан Испания	Морщинистые кораллы , принадлежащие к группе Stauriida и семье Axophyllidae . Типовой вид - M. antolinense ; Род включает также новые виды М. boyerense , а также « Carcinophyllum lonsdaleiforme» pauciseptata Быковой (1966) (возведенный в ранг особого вида).
Multithecopora tobinosuensis ^[10]	Sp. ноя	Действительный	Нико, Хайкава и Фудзикава	Каменноугольный ( Viséan )	Группа известняков Акиёси	Япония	Tabulate коралла .
Paraheritschioides compositus ^[5]	Sp. ноя	Действительный	Федоровски и Стивенс	Каменноугольный ( башкирский )	Известняк Ваху	Соединенные Штаты	Колониальный коралл, принадлежащий к подклассу Rugosa и семейству Kleopatrinidae , разновидности Paraheritschioides .
Paraheritschioides katvalae ^[5]	Sp. ноя	Действительный	Федоровски и Стивенс	Каменноугольный ( московский )	Формация Сагино-Бэй	Соединенные Штаты	Колониальный коралл, принадлежащий к подклассу Rugosa и семейству Kleopatrinidae , разновидности Paraheritschioides .
Pareynia viacrucense ^[6]	Sp. ноя	Действительный	Родригес и Сомервиль	Каменноугольный ( серпуховский )		Испания	Морщинистые кораллы , принадлежащие к группе Stauriida и семье Axophyllidae .
Синобрион ^[11]	Gen. et sp. ноя	Действительный	Балински, Сан и Дзик	Ордовик (ранний флоан )	Формация Фенсян	Китай	Hydrozoan , член Hydroidolina . Типовой вид - Sinobryon elongatum .
Thamnopora itoae ^[12]	Sp. ноя	Действительный	Нико, Ибараки и Тадзава	Девонский		Япония	Tabulate коралл , принадлежащий к группе Favositida и семье Pachyporidae .
Thurispina ^[13]	Gen. et sp. ноя	Действительный	Weyer	Девонский (поздний фаменский )		Германия	Член Rugosa . Типовой вид - Thurispina jogi .
Триадуфимия ^[14]	Gen. et sp. ноя	Действительный	Федоровский и Махлаевская	Каменноугольный ( серпуховский )		Польша	Член Rugosa, принадлежащий к группе Stauriida и семейству Stereophrentidae . Типовой вид - T. coepta .
Trochocyathus (Platycyathus) kaliae ^[2]	Sp nov	Действительный	Джайн	Неоген		Индия	Каменистые кораллы .

Членистоногие [ править ]

Мшанки [ править ]

Недавно описанные мшанки [ править ]

Имя	Новинка	Статус	Авторы	Возраст	Ед. изм	Место расположения	Заметки
Эрнстипора ^[15]	Gen. et sp. ноя	Действительный	Суарес-Андрес и Вайс Джексон	Девонский ( эмсский )		Испания	Мшанки, принадлежащие к группе Fenestrata . Род включает новый вид E. mackinneyi .
Пирабасопорелла ^[16]	Gen. et 3 sp. ноя	Действительный	Загоршек и др.	Миоцен	Формация Байтоа Формация Чипола Формация Пирабас	Бразилия Доминиканская Республика США	Ascophoran , принадлежащий к семейству Jaculinidae . Типовой вид - P. atalaiaensis ; род также включает P. baitoae и P. chipolae .
Псевдокололофос ^[17]	Gen. et sp. ноя	Действительный	Марта, Тейлор, Мацуяма и Шольц	Ранний сеноман	Формация Эссен Гринсанд	Германия	Cyclostome мшанок . Род включает новый вид P. radioporides .

Брахиоподы [ править ]

Имя	Новинка	Статус	Авторы	Возраст	Ед. изм	Место расположения	Заметки
Acanthocrania elusa ^[18]	Sp. ноя	Действительный	Петухи	Поздний ордовик		Великобритания
Акмолина? тубулус ^[19]	Sp. ноя	Действительный	Персиваль и др.	Кембрийский ( фуронговский )	Формирование шлюзовой коробки	Новая Зеландия	Брахиопод, принадлежащий к группе Acrotretida и семейству Ephippelasmatidae .
Альпейс ^[20]	Gen. et comb. ноя	Действительный	Попов и петухи	Поздний ордовик	Акдомбакская свита	Казахстан	Член Orthida, принадлежащий к семейству Wangyuiidae . Разновидность типа является " Mimella " tolenensis Borissiak (1972).
Ашинаортис ^[20]	Gen. et comb. ноя	Действительный	Попов и петухи	Поздний ордовик	Талдыбойская свита	Казахстан	Член Orthida, принадлежащий к семейству Plectorthidae . Разновидность типа является " Mimella " Recta Клениной (1984).
Athyris africana ^[21]	Sp. ноя	Действительный	Схем-Григорий	Девонский (поздний живетский )		Западная Сахара	Athyridid брахиоподы, вид Athyris .
Бетховения ^[22]	Gen. et 3 sp. и т.д. ноя	Действительный	Гарсия-Алькальде	Девонский ( пражский и эмсский )		Бельгия Франция Испания Германия ?	Strophodontid брахиопод. Типовой вид - Beethovenia beethoveni ; род также включает новые виды B. bachi и B. brahmsi , а также B. acutiplicata (Oehlert & Davoust, 1879) и, возможно, " Stropheodonta " steiningeri Drevermann (1907).
Bokotorthis minuta ^[20]	Sp. ноя	Действительный	Попов и петухи	Поздний ордовик	Акдомбакская свита	Казахстан	Член семейства Plaesiomyidae .
Boreadorthis sheehani ^[18]	Sp. ноя	Действительный	Петухи	Поздний ордовик		Великобритания	Брахиопод.
Буминомены ^[20]	Gen. et comb. ноя	Действительный	Попов и петухи	Поздний ордовик	Талдыбойская свита	Казахстан	Член Strophomenoidea, принадлежащий к семейству Glyptomenidae . Типовой вид - « Оэпикина » абайи Кленина (1984).
Chaohochonetes ^[23]	Gen. et sp. ноя	Действительный	Он и Ши в He et al.	От перми ( чансин ) до раннего триаса	Формация Талунг или формация Инькэн	Китай	Брахиопод, принадлежащий к группе Chonetidina и к семейству Rugosochonetidae . Типовой вид - C. triangusinuata .
Chonetoidea enbektenensis ^[20]	Sp. ноя	Действительный	Попов и петухи	Поздний ордовик	Акдомбакская свита	Казахстан	Член Plectambonitoidea, принадлежащий к семейству Xenambonitidae .
Christiania nilssoni sholeshookensis ^[18]	Subsp. ноя	Действительный	Петухи	Поздний ордовик		Великобритания
Cirpa alkayae ^[24]	Sp. ноя	Действительный	Vörös	Ранняя юра ( плинсбах )		Турция	Wellerellid ринхонеллиды брахиопод, вид Cirpa .
Craniops pristina ^[20]	Sp. ноя	Действительный	Попов и петухи	Поздний ордовик	Акдомбакская свита	Казахстан
Cryptothyris magnifica ^[18]	Sp. ноя	Действительный	Петухи	Поздний ордовик		Великобритания
Далманелла котыржалица ^[20]	Sp. ноя	Действительный	Попов и петухи	Поздний ордовик	Акдомбакская свита	Казахстан	Член Orthida, принадлежащий к семейству Dalmanellidae .
Дедзетина майор ^[18]	Sp. ноя	Действительный	Петухи	Поздний ордовик		Великобритания
Diambonioidea koknaiensis ^[20]	Sp. ноя	Действительный	Попов и петухи	Поздний ордовик	Акдомбакская свита	Казахстан	Член Plectambonitoidea, принадлежащий к семейству Hesperomenidae .
Энбектенортис ^[20]	Gen. et sp. ноя	Действительный	Попов и петухи	Поздний ордовик	Акдомбакская свита	Казахстан	Член Orthida, принадлежащий к семейству Wangyuiidae . Типовой вид - E. Molesta .
Eostropheodonta portfieldensis ^[18]	Sp. ноя	Действительный	Петухи	Поздний ордовик		Великобритания
Fardenia gwaliae ^[18]	Sp. ноя	Действительный	Петухи	Поздний ордовик		Великобритания
Foliomen xinjiangensis ^[25]	Sp. ноя	Действительный	Жан и др.	Ордовик ( позднекатийский )	Формация Иньпиншань	Китай
Гиббодувиллина ^[26]	Gen et comb. ноя	Действительный	Янсен	Девонский		Германия Марокко Испания Соединенное Королевство	Член семейства Douvillinidae . Типовой вид - "Strophomena" taeniolata G. & F. Sandberger (1856); род также включает "Orthis" interstrialis Phillips (1841 г.). Объявлен в 2013 году; окончательная версия статьи с ее названием была опубликована в 2014 году.
Gigastropheodonta ^[26]	Gen et comb. ноя	Действительный	Янсен	Девонский		Франция Германия Марокко Испания Великобритания	Член семейства Strophodontidae . Типовой вид - "Leptaena (Strophomena)" gigas McCoy (1852); род также включает "Boucotstrophia" minor Jahnke (1981), "Boucotstrophia" velica García-Alcalde (1992) и "Boucotstrophia" jahnkei Aït -Malek, Racheboeuf & Lazreq (2000). Объявлен в 2013 году; окончательная версия статьи с ее названием была опубликована в 2014 году.
Glyptorthis splendens ^[18]	Sp. ноя	Действительный	Петухи	Поздний ордовик		Великобритания
Gunnarella mcdermotti ^[18]	Sp. ноя	Действительный	Петухи	Поздний ордовик		Великобритания
Harknessella stevensorum ^[18]	Sp. ноя	Действительный	Петухи	Поздний ордовик		Великобритания
Холмерглосса ^[20]	Gen. et comb. ноя	Действительный	Попов и петухи	Ордовик	Талдыбойская свита Вестонская свита	Казахстан Соединенное Королевство	Член семейства Obolidae . Типовой вид - шпатель " Pseudolingula " Williams (1974).
Kassinella kasbalensis ^[20]	Sp. ноя	Действительный	Попов и петухи	Поздний ордовик	Акдомбакская свита	Казахстан	Член Plectambonitoidea, принадлежащий к семейству Hesperomenidae .
Kassinella tarimensis ^[25]	Sp. ноя	Действительный	Жан и др.	Ордовик ( позднекатийский )	Формация Иньпиншань	Китай
Kozlowskites botobaicus ^[20]	Sp. ноя	Действительный	Попов и петухи	Поздний ордовик	Акдомбакская свита	Казахстан	Член Plectambonitoidea, принадлежащий к семейству Sowerbyellidae .
Kullervo grandis ^[18]	Sp. ноя	Действительный	Петухи	Поздний ордовик		Великобритания
Lambdarina jugowiensis ^[27]	Sp. ноя	Действительный	Muszer	Каменноугольный ( Viséan )	Кровати Соколец	Польша	Член Rhynchonellida, принадлежащий к семейству Lambdarinidae .
Леангелла (Leangella) bakanasensis ^[20]	Sp. ноя	Действительный	Попов и петухи	Поздний ордовик	Акдомбакская свита	Казахстан	Член Plectambonitoidea, принадлежащий к семейству Leptestiidae .
Leoniorthis rubeli ^[28]	Sp. ноя	Действительный	Подсказки	Ордовик		Эстония Россия	Брахиопод, принадлежащий к группе Orthida и семейству Orthidae .
Маккерровия? цзиней ^[18]	Sp. ноя	Действительный	Петухи	Поздний ордовик		Великобритания
Маруя ^[19]	Gen. et sp. ноя	Действительный	Персиваль и др.	Кембрийский ( фуронговский )	Формирование шлюзовой коробки	Новая Зеландия	Брахиопод, возможно, член Acrotretida . Типовой вид - M. castellum .
Микелла? sparsiplicata ^[23]	Sp. ноя	Действительный	Он и Ши в He et al.	Пермский ( чансинский )	Формация Талунг	Китай	Брахиопод, принадлежащий к группе Orthotetida и к семейству Meekellidae .
Антиподы миилингулы ^[19]	Sp. ноя	Действительный	Персиваль и др.	Кембрийский ( фуронговский )	Формирование шлюзовой коробки	Новая Зеландия	Брахиопод, принадлежащий к группе Linguloidea и семейству Lingulellotretidae .
Neochonetes (Huangichonetes?) Wufengensis ^[23].	Sp. ноя	Действительный	Он и Ши в He et al.	Пермский ( чансинский )	Формация Талунг	Китай	Брахиопод, принадлежащий к группе Chonetidina и к семейству Rugosochonetidae .
Neochonetes (Zhongyingia?) Liaoi ^[23]	Sp. ноя	Действительный	Он и Ши в He et al.	Перми ( Wuchiapingian к Changhsingian )	Формация Талунг	Китай	Брахиопод, принадлежащий к группе Chonetidina и к семейству Rugosochonetidae .
Neoplatystrophia deani ^[18]	Sp. ноя	Действительный	Петухи	Поздний ордовик		Великобритания
Николелла Крабби ^[18]	Sp. ноя	Действительный	Петухи	Поздний ордовик		Великобритания
Nisusia granosa ^[29]	Sp. ноя	Действительный	Мао, Ван и Чжао	Кембрийский	Формация Кайли	Китай	Брахиопод, вид Nisusia .
Orbiculoidea liaoi ^[30]	Sp. ноя	Действительный	Zhang et al.	Пермский ( лопинг )		Китай	Брахиопод, принадлежащий к семейству Discinidae .
Parapygmochonetes ^[23]	Gen. et comb. ноя	Действительный	Он и Ши в He et al.	Пермский ( чансинский )	Формация Чансин Формация Талунг	Китай	Брахиопод, принадлежащий к группе Chonetidina и к семейству Anopliidae . Типовой вид - " Fusiproductus " baoqingensis Liao в Zhao et al. (1981); род также включает новые виды P. parvulus He & Shi in He et al. .
Paryphella majiashanensis ^[23]	Sp. ноя	Действительный	Он и Ши в He et al.	Пермский ( чансинский )	Формация Талунг	Китай	Брахиопод, принадлежащий к группе Productidina и к семейству Productellidae .
Paryphella minuta ^[23]	Sp. ноя	Действительный	Он и Ши в He et al.	Перми ( Changhsingian ) -earliest Триасовая	Формирование Инькэн	Китай	Брахиопод, принадлежащий к группе Productidina и к семейству Productellidae .
Phragmorthis eximia ^[20]	Sp. ноя	Действительный	Попов и петухи	Поздний ордовик	Акдомбакская свита	Казахстан	Член Orthida, принадлежащий к семейству Phragmorthidae .
Plicostropheodonta crassicosta ^[22]	Sp. ноя	Действительный	Гарсия-Алькальде	Девонский ( эмсский )		Испания	Strophodontid брахиоподы, вид Plicostropheodonta .
Plicostropheodonta latronensis ^[22]	Sp. ноя	Действительный	Гарсия-Алькальде	Девонский ( эмсский )		Испания	Strophodontid брахиоподы, вид Plicostropheodonta .
Rhenostropheodonta ^[26]	Gen et sp. и т.д. ноя	Действительный	Янсен	Девонский	Emsquarzit Формирование Hohenrhein Формирование Wiltz Формирование	Германия	Член семейства Strophodontidae. Типовой вид - R. rhenana ; род также включает "Strophomena" piligera G. & F. Sandberger (1856). Объявлен в 2013 году; окончательная версия статьи с ее названием была опубликована в 2014 году.
Рогортис ^[28]	Gen. et comb. ноя	Действительный	Подсказки	Ордовик ( дарривильский )	Формация Кандл Формация Пакри	Эстония	Брахиопод, принадлежащий к группе Orthida и семейству Orthidae . Разновидность типа является " Cyrtonotella " pakriensis Рубель (1961).
Ронгатрипа ^[20]	Gen. et comb. ноя	Действительный	Попов и петухи	Поздний ордовик	Dulankara Формирование Liujiapo Формирование намас Формирование Shiyanbe Формирование Taldyboi Формирование Таукен Формирование	Китай Казахстан	Член Atrypoidea, принадлежащий к семейству Atrypinidae . Типовой вид - « Наливкиния (Проналивкиния)» zvontsovi Nikitin, Popov & Bassett (2003); род также включает " Rhynchotrema " instabilis Klenina (1984), "Rhynchotrema" rudis Rukavishnikova (1956) и "Nalivkinia (Anabaria)" xichuanensis Xu (1997).
Задняя салопия ^[18]	Sp. ноя	Действительный	Петухи	Поздний ордовик		Великобритания
Сампо трансверса ^[18]	Sp. ноя	Действительный	Петухи	Поздний ордовик		Великобритания
Sericoidea minuta ^[25]	Sp. ноя	Действительный	Жан и др.	Ордовик ( позднекатийский )	Формация Иньпиншань	Китай
Spiriferellina fredericksi ^[31]	Sp. ноя	Действительный	Тадзава	Пермский (Wordian)		Япония Россия	Spiriferellinid spiriferinid брахиопод.
Strophomena (Tetraphalerella) namasensis ^[20]	Sp. ноя	Действительный	Попов и петухи	Поздний ордовик	Талдыбойская свита	Казахстан
Прямоугольные Tethyochonetes ^[23]	Sp. ноя	Действительный	Он и Ши в He et al.	Пермский ( чансинский )	Формация Талунг	Китай	Брахиопод, принадлежащий к группе Chonetidina и к семейству Rugosochonetidae .
Тетиохонеты? синуата ^[23]	Sp. ноя	Действительный	Он и Ши в He et al.	Пермский ( чансинский )		Китай	Брахиопод, принадлежащий к группе Chonetidina и к семейству Rugosochonetidae .
Толен ^[32]	Gen. et sp. ноя	Действительный	Холмер, Попов и Бассетт	Ордовик ( катянин )	Акдомбакская свита	Казахстан	Брахиопод, принадлежащий к классу Chileata и отряду Chileida . Типовой вид - T. multicostatus .
Трифиссура ^[32]	Gen. et comb et sp. ноя	Действительный	Холмер, Попов и Бассетт	Силурийский	Формация Коулбрукдейл	Швеция Соединенное Королевство	Брахиопод, принадлежащий к классу Chileata и отряду Chileida . Типовой вид - "Obolus" davidsoni var. transversus Salter у Дэвидсона (1866 г.) (возведен в ранг отдельного вида Trifissura transversa ); род также включает новый вид T. rigida .
Triplesia hintsae ^[18]	Sp. ноя	Действительный	Петухи	Поздний ордовик		Великобритания
Райтопс ^[20]	Gen. et comb. ноя	Действительный	Попов и петухи	Поздний ордовик	Талдыбойская свита	Казахстан	Член семейства Craniopsidae . Разновидность типа является " Paracraniops " Nikitini Goriansky (1972).

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Имя	Новинка	Статус	Авторы	Возраст	Ед. изм	Место расположения	Заметки
Acuminatella binodosa ^[33]	Sp. ноя	Действительный	Фруктовый сад	Поздний триас	Формирование Пардонета	Канада	Член Gondolellidae .
Акуминателла констрикта ^[33]	Sp. ноя	Действительный	Фруктовый сад	Поздний триас	Формирование Пардонета	Канада	Член Gondolellidae .
Acuminatella curvata ^[33]	Sp. ноя	Действительный	Фруктовый сад	Поздний триас	Формирование Пардонета	Канада	Член Gondolellidae .
Acuminatella denticulata ^[33]	Sp. ноя	Действительный	Фруктовый сад	Поздний триас	Формирование Пардонета	Канада	Член Gondolellidae .
Акуминателла? экстензия ^[33]	Sp. ноя	Действительный	Фруктовый сад	Поздний триас	Формирование Пардонета	Канада	Член Gondolellidae .
Acuminatella longicarinata ^[33]	Sp. ноя	Действительный	Фруктовый сад	Поздний триас	Формирование Пардонета	Канада	Член Gondolellidae .
Акуминателла? прима ^[33]	Sp. ноя	Действительный	Фруктовый сад	Поздний триас	Формирование Пардонета	Канада	Член Gondolellidae .
Acuminatella sagittale ^[33]	Sp. ноя	Действительный	Фруктовый сад	Поздний триас	Формирование Пардонета	Канада	Член Gondolellidae .
Acuminatella sinuosa ^[33]	Sp. ноя	Действительный	Фруктовый сад	Поздний триас	Формирование Пардонета	Канада	Член Gondolellidae .
Belodina longxianensis minor ^[34]	Subsp. ноя	Действительный	Цай, Юань и Ву	Поздний ордовик	Формация Лианглитаг	Китай	Подвид Belodina longxianensis .
Carnepigondolella anitae ^[33]	Sp. ноя	Действительный	Фруктовый сад	Поздний триас	Формация Лудингтон	Канада	Член Gondolellidae .
Carnepigondolella gibsoni ^[33]	Sp. ноя	Действительный	Фруктовый сад	Поздний триас	Формация Лудингтон	Канада	Член Gondolellidae .
Carnepigondolella milanae ^[33]	Sp. ноя	Действительный	Фруктовый сад	Поздний триас	Формирование Пардонета	Канада	Член Gondolellidae .
Carnepigondolella postsamueli ^[33]	Sp. ноя	Действительный	Фруктовый сад	Поздний триас	Формирование Пардонета	Канада	Член Gondolellidae .
Carnepigondolella spenceri ^[33]	Sp. ноя	Действительный	Фруктовый сад	Поздний триас	Формирование Пардонета	Канада	Член Gondolellidae .
Фернишина холми ^[35]	Sp. ноя	Действительный	Баньоли и Стуж	Кембрийский (поздний фуронг )	Образование сланцевых квасцов	Швеция	Разновидность Фернишина .
Гобдунтаулепис ^[36]	Ном. ноя	Действительный	Doweld	Ранний ордовик		Узбекистан	Название, заменяющее Acantholepis Pianovskij в Пьяновском, Пьяновской и Александровой, 1989 (озабочено).
Hindeodus microdentatus ^[37]	Sp. ноя	Действительный	Wu et al.	Граница перми и триаса		Китай	Вид Hindeodus .
Icriodella rhodesi ^[38]	Sp. ноя	Действительно ^[39]	Бергстрём и Ферретти	Поздний ордовик	Кейсли Известняк	Великобритания	Вид Icriodella .
Kraussodontus ludingtonensis ^[33]	Sp. ноя	Действительный	Фруктовый сад	Поздний триас	Формация Лудингтон Формация Пардонет	Канада	Член Gondolellidae .
Kraussodontus margaretae ^[33]	Sp. ноя	Действительный	Фруктовый сад	Поздний триас	Формирование Пардонета	Канада	Член Gondolellidae .
Kraussodontus roberti ^[33]	Sp. ноя	Действительный	Фруктовый сад	Поздний триас	Формирование Пардонета	Канада	Член Gondolellidae .
Kraussodontus rosiae ^[33]	Sp. ноя	Действительный	Фруктовый сад	Поздний триас	Формирование Пардонета	Канада	Член Gondolellidae .
Kraussodontus urbanae ^[33]	Sp. ноя	Действительный	Фруктовый сад	Поздний триас	Формирование Пардонета	Канада	Член Gondolellidae .
Kraussodontus vancouverense ^[33]	Sp. ноя	Действительный	Фруктовый сад	Поздний триас	Формирование Пардонета	Канада	Член Gondolellidae .
Kraussodontus wendae ^[33]	Sp. ноя	Действительный	Фруктовый сад	Поздний триас	Формирование Пардонета	Канада	Член Gondolellidae .
Metapolygnathus dylani ^[33]	Sp. ноя	Действительный	Фруктовый сад	Поздний триас	Формирование Пардонета	Канада	Член Gondolellidae .
Neogondolella prediscreta ^[37]	Sp. ноя	Действительный	Wu et al.	Ранний триас		Китай	Вид Neogondolella .
Norigondolella norica ^[33]	Sp. ноя	Действительный	Фруктовый сад	Поздний триас	Формирование Пардонета	Канада	Член Gondolellidae .
Парафурнишиус ^[40]	Gen. et sp. ноя	Действительный	Ян и др.	Ранний триас ( индус )	Формация Фэйсяньгуань	Китай	Член Ellisoniidae . Типовой вид - Parafurnishius xuanhanensis .
Parapetella beattyi ^[33]	Sp. ноя	Действительный	Фруктовый сад	Поздний триас	Формирование Пардонета	Канада	Член Gondolellidae .
Parapetella broatchae ^[33]	Sp. ноя	Действительный	Фруктовый сад	Поздний триас	Формирование Пардонета	Канада	Член Gondolellidae .
Parapetella clareae ^[33]	Sp. ноя	Действительный	Фруктовый сад	Поздний триас	Формирование Пардонета	Канада	Член Gondolellidae .
Parapetella columbiense ^[33]	Sp. ноя	Действительный	Фруктовый сад	Поздний триас	Формирование Пардонета	Канада	Член Gondolellidae .
Parapetella cordillerense ^[33]	Sp. ноя	Действительный	Фруктовый сад	Поздний триас	Формирование Пардонета	Канада	Член Gondolellidae .
Parapetella destinae ^[33]	Sp. ноя	Действительный	Фруктовый сад	Поздний триас	Формирование Пардонета	Канада	Член Gondolellidae .
Parapetella elegula ^[33]	Sp. ноя	Действительный	Фруктовый сад	Поздний триас	Формирование Пардонета	Канада	Член Gondolellidae .
Parapetella hillarae ^[33]	Sp. ноя	Действительный	Фруктовый сад	Поздний триас	Формирование Пардонета	Канада	Член Gondolellidae .
Parapetella irwini ^[33]	Sp. ноя	Действительный	Фруктовый сад	Поздний триас	Формирование Пардонета	Канада	Член Gondolellidae .
Parapetella johnpauli ^[33]	Sp. ноя	Действительный	Фруктовый сад	Поздний триас	Формирование Пардонета	Канада	Член Gondolellidae .
Parapetella lanei ^[33]	Sp. ноя	Действительный	Фруктовый сад	Поздний триас	Формирование Пардонета	Канада	Член Gondolellidae .
Parapetella posterolata ^[33]	Sp. ноя	Действительный	Фруктовый сад	Поздний триас	Формирование Пардонета	Канада	Член Gondolellidae .
Parapetella prominens angulare ^[33]	Subsp. ноя	Действительный	Фруктовый сад	Поздний триас	Формирование Пардонета	Канада	Член Gondolellidae .
Циркуляция Parapetella prominens ^[33]	Subsp. ноя	Действительный	Фруктовый сад	Поздний триас	Формирование Пардонета	Канада	Член Gondolellidae .
Parapetella prominens prominens ^[33]	Subsp. ноя	Действительный	Фруктовый сад	Поздний триас	Формирование Пардонета	Канада	Член Gondolellidae .
Parapetella pumilio ^[33]	Sp. ноя	Действительный	Фруктовый сад	Поздний триас	Формирование Пардонета	Канада	Член Gondolellidae .
Parapetella riteri ^[33]	Sp. ноя	Действительный	Фруктовый сад	Поздний триас	Формирование Пардонета	Канада	Член Gondolellidae .
Parapetella rubae ^[33]	Sp. ноя	Действительный	Фруктовый сад	Поздний триас	Формирование Пардонета	Канада	Член Gondolellidae .
Parapetella willifordi ^[33]	Sp. ноя	Действительный	Фруктовый сад	Поздний триас	Формирование Пардонета	Канада	Член Gondolellidae .
Polygnathus alkhovikovae ^[41].	Sp. ноя	Действительный	Баранов, Славик и Блоджетт	Девонский (ранний эмсский )		Россия	Polygnathid , вид Polygnathus .
Polygnathus aragonensis ^[42]	Sp. ноя	Действительный	Мартинес-Перес и Валенсуэла-Риос	Ранний девон	Формация Базибе	Испания	Полигнатид, разновидность Polygnathus .
Polygnathus arthuri ^[41]	Sp. ноя	Действительный	Баранов, Славик и Блоджетт	Девонский (ранний эмсский )		Россия	Polygnathid , вид Polygnathus .
Polygnathus bardashevi ^[41]	Sp. ноя	Действительный	Баранов, Славик и Блоджетт	Девонский (ранний эмсский )		Россия	Polygnathid , вид Polygnathus .
Polygnathus carlsi ^[42]	Sp. ноя	Действительный	Мартинес-Перес и Валенсуэла-Риос	Ранний девон	Формация Базибе	Испания	Полигнатид, разновидность Polygnathus .
Polygnathus communis longanensis ^[43]	Subsp. ноя	Действительный	Qie et al.	Каменноугольный (поздний турнейский )	Формация Лунъань	Китай	Полигнатид, подвид Polygnathus communis .
Polygnathus dujieensis ^[43]	Sp. ноя	Действительный	Qie et al.	Каменноугольный (поздний турнейский )	Формация Лунъань	Китай	Полигнатид, разновидность Polygnathus .
Polygnathus ivanowskyii ^[41]	Sp. ноя	Действительный	Баранов, Славик и Блоджетт	Девонский (ранний эмсский )		Россия	Polygnathid , вид Polygnathus .
Polygnathus karsteni ^[41]	Sp. ноя	Действительный	Баранов, Славик и Блоджетт	Девонский (ранний эмсский )		Россия	Polygnathid , вид Polygnathus .
Polygnathus lezhoevi ^[41]	Sp. ноя	Действительный	Баранов, Славик и Блоджетт	Девонский (ранний эмсский )		Россия	Polygnathid , вид Polygnathus .
Polygnathus michaelmurphyi ^[41]	Sp. ноя	Действительный	Баранов, Славик и Блоджетт	Девонский (ранний эмсский )		Россия	Polygnathid , вид Polygnathus .
Polygnathus ramoni ^[42]	Sp. ноя	Действительный	Мартинес-Перес и Валенсуэла-Риос	Ранний девон	Формация Базибе	Испания	Полигнатид, разновидность Polygnathus .
Polygnathus settedabanicus ^[41]	Sp. ноя	Действительный	Баранов, Славик и Блоджетт	Девонский (ранний эмсский )		Россия	Polygnathid , вид Polygnathus .
Polygnathus yakutensis ^[41]	Sp. ноя	Действительный	Баранов, Славик и Блоджетт	Девонский (ранний эмсский )		Россия	Polygnathid , вид Polygnathus .
Примателла бифида ^[33]	Sp. ноя	Действительный	Фруктовый сад	Поздний триас	Формирование Пардонета	Канада	Член Gondolellidae .
Примателла циркулярная ^[33]	Sp. ноя	Действительный	Фруктовый сад	Поздний триас	Формирование Пардонета	Канада	Член Gondolellidae .
Примателла элонгата ^[33]	Sp. ноя	Действительный	Фруктовый сад	Поздний триас	Формирование Пардонета	Канада	Член Gondolellidae .
Примателла маклерни ^[33]	Sp. ноя	Действительный	Фруктовый сад	Поздний триас	Формирование Пардонета	Канада	Член Gondolellidae .
Примателла продолговатая ^[33]	Sp. ноя	Действительный	Фруктовый сад	Поздний триас	Формирование Пардонета	Канада	Член Gondolellidae .
Примателла овальная ^[33]	Sp. ноя	Действительный	Фруктовый сад	Поздний триас	Формирование Пардонета	Канада	Член Gondolellidae .
Primatella posteroglobosa ^[33]	Sp. ноя	Действительный	Фруктовый сад	Поздний триас	Формирование Пардонета	Канада	Член Gondolellidae .
Примателла прямоугольная ^[33]	Sp. ноя	Действительный	Фруктовый сад	Поздний триас	Формирование Пардонета	Канада	Член Gondolellidae .
Примателла ромбовидная ^[33]	Sp. ноя	Действительный	Фруктовый сад	Поздний триас	Формирование Пардонета	Канада	Член Gondolellidae .
Примателла ротонда ^[33]	Sp. ноя	Действительный	Фруктовый сад	Поздний триас	Формирование Пардонета	Канада	Член Gondolellidae .
Примателла stanleyi ^[33]	Sp. ноя	Действительный	Фруктовый сад	Поздний триас	Формирование Пардонета	Канада	Член Gondolellidae .
Primatella subquadrata ^[33]	Sp. ноя	Действительный	Фруктовый сад	Поздний триас	Формирование Пардонета	Канада	Член Gondolellidae .
Примателла треугольная ^[33]	Sp. ноя	Действительный	Фруктовый сад	Поздний триас	Формирование Пардонета	Канада	Член Gondolellidae .
Примателла vanlierae ^[33]	Sp. ноя	Действительный	Фруктовый сад	Поздний триас	Формирование Пардонета	Канада	Член Gondolellidae .
Quadralella deflecta ^[33]	Sp. ноя	Действительный	Фруктовый сад	Поздний триас	Формирование Пардонета	Канада	Член Gondolellidae .
Quadralella karenae ^[33]	Sp. ноя	Действительный	Фруктовый сад	Поздний триас	Формирование Пардонета	Канада	Член Gondolellidae .
Quadralella kathleenae ^[33]	Sp. ноя	Действительный	Фруктовый сад	Поздний триас	Формирование Пардонета	Канада	Член Gondolellidae .
Quadralella mcrobertsi ^[33]	Sp. ноя	Действительный	Фруктовый сад	Поздний триас	Формирование Пардонета	Канада	Член Gondolellidae .
Quadralella pardoneti ^[33]	Sp. ноя	Действительный	Фруктовый сад	Поздний триас	Формирование Пардонета	Канада	Член Gondolellidae .
Quadralella posteroexpansa ^[33]	Sp. ноя	Действительный	Фруктовый сад	Поздний триас	Формация Лудингтон	Канада	Член Gondolellidae .
Quadralella postlobata ^[33]	Sp. ноя	Действительный	Фруктовый сад	Поздний триас	Формирование Пардонета	Канада	Член Gondolellidae .
Quadralella praecommunisti curvata ^[33]	Subsp. ноя	Действительный	Фруктовый сад	Поздний триас	Формирование Пардонета	Канада	Член Gondolellidae .
Quadralella praecommunisti ornata ^[33]	Subsp. ноя	Действительный	Фруктовый сад	Поздний триас	Формирование Пардонета	Канада	Член Gondolellidae .
Quadralella roysi ^[33]	Sp. ноя	Действительный	Фруктовый сад	Поздний триас	Формирование Пардонета	Канада	Член Gondolellidae .
Quadralella sigmoidale ^[33]	Sp. ноя	Действительный	Фруктовый сад	Поздний триас	Формирование Пардонета	Канада	Член Gondolellidae .
Quadralella willistonense ^[33]	Sp. ноя	Действительный	Фруктовый сад	Поздний триас	Формирование Пардонета	Канада	Член Gondolellidae .
Siphonodella nandongensis ^[44]	Sp. ноя	Действительный	Ли и др.	Ранний карбон	Формирование Бапинга	Китай	Вид Siphonodella .
Вестергаардодина асинина ^[35]	Sp. ноя	Действительный	Баньоли и Стуж	Кембрийский (поздний фуронг )	Образование сланцевых квасцов	Швеция	Вид Westergaardodina .

Рыбы [ править ]

Амфибии [ править ]

Самые нижние четвероногие [ править ]

Имя	Новинка	Статус	Авторы	Возраст	Ед. изм	Место расположения	Заметки	Изображений
Weberepeton ^[45]	Gen. et sp. ноя	Действительный	Клеман и Лебедев	Поздний девон (поздний фран )	Вероятно, смота-лованская свита	Россия	Член Elginerpetontidae . Типовой вид - Weberepeton sondalensis .

Темноспондилы [ править ]

Исследование [ править ]

Образцы Micromelerpeton crederni с аномалиями конечностей, интерпретируемыми как результат регенерации конечностей , описаны Fröbisch, Bickelmann and Witzmann (2014). ^[46]
Переописание Mahavisaurus Dentatus и Lyrosaurus Australis и исследование о филогенетических отношениях в rhytidosteids публикуется Maganuco, Pasini & Аудитор (2014). ^[47]

Новые таксоны [ править ]

Имя	Новинка	Статус	Авторы	Возраст	Ед. изм	Место расположения	Заметки
Антарктозух ^[48]	Gen. et sp. ноя	Действительный	Сидор, Штайер и Хаммер	Средний триас	Формация Фремоу	Антарктида	Capitosauroid . Типовой вид - Antarctosuchus polyodon .
Leptorophus raischi ^[49]	Sp. ноя	Действительный	Schoch	Ранняя пермь	Бассейн Саар-Наэ	Германия	Branchiosaurid , вид Leptorophus .
Мегалофтальма ^[50]	Gen. et sp. ноя	Действительно ^[51]	Шох, Милнер и Витцманн	Средний триас (поздний ладин)	Формация Эрфурт	Германия	Plagiosaurid . Типовой вид - Megalophthalma ockerti .
Нанобамус ^[52]	Gen. et sp. ноя	Действительный	Шох и Милнер	Ранняя пермь	Формация Арройо	Соединенные Штаты	Amphibamid . Типовой вид - Nanobamus macrorhinus .

Хрониозухиане [ править ]

Имя	Новинка	Статус	Авторы	Возраст	Ед. изм	Место расположения	Заметки
Dromotectum abditum ^[53]	Sp. ноя	Действительный	Шишкин, Новиков и Фортуны	Ранний триас		Россия	Bystrowianid chroniosuchian , вид Dromotectum .
Dromotectum largum ^[54]	Sp. ноя	Действительный	Лю и др.	Поздняя пермь	Формация Шаншихэзи	Китай	Bystrowianid chroniosuchian , вид Dromotectum .
Jiyuanitectum ^[54]	Gen. et sp. ноя	Действительный	Лю и др.	Поздняя пермь	Формация Шаншихэзи	Китай	Bystrowianid chroniosuchian . Типовой вид - Jiyuanitectum flatum .
Вюшковиана ^[53]	Gen. et sp. ноя	Действительный	Шишкин, Новиков и Фортуны	Ранний триас		Россия	Bystrowianid chroniosuchian . Типовой вид - Vyushkoviana operta .

Лиссамфибии [ править ]

Исследование [ править ]

Плечевая кость большой calyptocephalellid бесхвостых , по- видимому , один из самых больших ископаемых бесхвостых известных на сегодняшний день, описывается Отеро и соавт. (2014) из эоцена Чили. ^[55]

Новые таксоны [ править ]

Имя	Новинка	Статус	Авторы	Возраст	Ед. изм	Место расположения	Заметки	Изображений
Eopelobates deani ^[56]	Sp. ноя	Действительный	Roček et al.	Ранний средний эоцен	Формация Грин Ривер	Соединенные Штаты	Родственник европейских лопатоногих жаб , вид Eopelobates .

Ихтиоптериги [ править ]

Исследование [ править ]

Анатомия, систематика и филогенетические связи мелового ophthalmosaurids Simbirskiasaurus birjukovi и Pervushovisaurus bannovkensis являются перепроверены Фишером и др. (2014). ^[57]

Новые таксоны [ править ]

Имя	Новинка	Статус	Авторы	Возраст	Ед. изм	Место расположения	Заметки
Янусавр ^[58]	Gen. et sp. ноя	Действительный	Робертс и др.	Поздняя юра	Формация Агардфьеллет	Норвегия	Ophthalmosaurid ихтиозавр . Типовой вид - Janusaurus lundi . Зверьки & Прилепский (2019) считала Janusaurus быть младшим синонимом из рода Arthropterygius , хотя авторы поддерживали J. Лунди в качестве отдельного вида в последнем роде; ^[59] Delsett et al. (2019) отвергли эту синонимию. ^[60]
Ленина ^[61]	Gen. et sp. ноя	Действительный	Fischer et al.	Ранний мел (ранний апт)		Россия	Ophthalmosaurine ophthalmosaurid ихтиозавр . Типовой вид - Leninia stellans .
Систерония ^[62]	Gen. et sp. ноя	Действительный	Fischer et al.	Меловой период (от раннего альба до раннего сеномана)	Формация Кембридж Гринсэнд Голт Формация Марнс Блюс	Франция Соединенное Королевство	Platypterygiine ophthalmosaurid ихтиозавр . Типовой вид - Sisteronia seeleyi .
Undorosaurus trautscholdi ^[63]	Sp. ноя	Действительный	Архангельский и Зверков	Поздняя юра		Россия	Ophthalmosaurine ophthalmosaurid ихтиозавр , вид Undorosaurus .

Зауроптериги [ править ]

Имя	Новинка	Статус	Авторы	Возраст	Ед. изм	Место расположения	Заметки
Aristonectes quiriquinensis ^[64]	Sp. ноя	Действительный	Отеро и др.	Поздний мел (поздний маастрихт)	Формация Quiriquina	Чили	Плезиозавр , вид Aristonectes .
Cymatosaurus erikae ^[65]	Sp. ноя	Действительный	Maisch	Средний триас (ранний анизий)	Формация Рёт	Германия	Вид циматозавра .
Маджиашанозавр ^[66]	Gen. et sp. ноя	Действительный	Jiang et al.	Ранний триас (оленекский ярус)	Формация Нанлингху	Китай	Базальный член Eosauropterygia . Типовой вид - Majiashanosaurus discocoracoidis .
Nothosaurus zhangi ^[67]	Sp. ноя	Действительный	Лю и др.	Средний триас (анизийский)	Формация Гуаньлинь	Китай	Nothosaur , вид нотозавры .
Одоипорозавр ^[68]	Gen. et sp. ноя	Действительный	Ренесто, Бинелли и Хагдорн	Средний триас (анизийский)	Формация Безано	Италия	Pachypleurosaur . Типовой вид - Odoiporosaurus teruzzii .
Парарк ^[69]	Gen. et sp. ноя	Действительный	Кляйн и Шайер	Средний триас (ранний анизий)	Формация Воссенвельд	Нидерланды	Плакодонты . Типовой вид - Pararcus diepenbroeki .
Pliosaurus patagonicus ^[70]	Sp. ноя	Действительный	Гаспарини и О'Горман	Поздняя юра (средний титон)	Формация Вака Муэрта	Аргентина	Разновидность плиозавра .

Лепидозавры [ править ]

Недавно названные ринхоцефалы [ править ]

Имя	Новинка	Статус	Авторы	Возраст	Ед. изм	Место расположения	Заметки	Изображений
Kawasphenodon peligrensis ^[71]	Sp. ноя	Действительный	Апестегия, Гомес и Ружье	Палеоцен	Формация Саламанка	Аргентина	Опистодонтиевый сфенодонтид , разновидность Kawasphenodon .
Priosphenodon minimus ^[72]	Sp. ноя	Действительный	Апестегия и Карбаллидо	Раннемеловой период	Формация Серро Барчино	Аргентина	Eilenodontine sphenodontid , разновидность Priosphenodon .

Ящерицы с новыми именами [ править ]

Имя	Новинка	Статус	Авторы	Возраст	Ед. изм	Место расположения	Заметки
Бланус Мендези ^[73]	Sp. ноя	Действительный	Bolet et al.	Миоцен (11,6 млн лет назад)	Бассейн Валле-Пенедес	Испания	Двуходки , вид бланусы .
Blanus thomaskelleri ^[74]	Sp. ноя	Действительно ^[75]	Чернянский, Ярость и Клембара	Ранний миоцен		Германия	Двуходки , вид бланусы .
Калангубан ^[76]	Gen. et sp. ноя	Действительно ^[77]	Симоэнс, Колдуэлл и Келлнер	Раннемеловой период	Формирование Крато	Бразилия	Scleroglossan ящерица с scincomorph сродства. Типовой вид - Calanguban alamoi .
Дакотасепс ^[78]	Ном. ноя	Действительный	Nydam	Поздний мел (сеноман)	Формация Дакота	Соединенные Штаты	Член сцинкообразные неясного филогенетического размещения, присвоенный Nydam (2013) на неформальную paramacellodid - cordylid сорта ; ^[79] заменяющее имя для Dakotasaurus Nydam (2013) (озабоченный).
Фуниозавр ^[80]	Gen. et sp. ноя	Действительный	Xu et al.	Поздний мел	Формация Цюпа	Китай	Член Polyglyphanodontidae . Типовой вид - Funiusaurus luanchuanensis .
Maioricalacerta ^[81]	Gen. et sp. ноя	Действительный	Bailon et al.	Ранний плиоцен ( Занклин )		Испания	Член Lacertidae . Типовой вид - Maioricalacerta rafelinensis .
Пиреназавр ^[82]	Gen. et sp. ноя	Действительный	Bolet & Augé	Поздний эоцен		Франция Испания	Член Scincoidea, возможно, сцинк . Типовой вид - Pyrenasaurus evansae .

Змеи с новым именем [ править ]

Имя	Новинка	Статус	Авторы	Возраст	Ед. изм	Место расположения	Заметки
Адинофис ^[83]	Gen. et sp. ноя	Действительный	Pritchard et al.	Поздний мел (маастрихт)	Формация Маэварано	Мадагаскар	Член Madtsoiidae . Типовой вид - Adinophis fisaka .
Индофис фанамбинана ^[83]	Sp. ноя	Действительный	Pritchard et al.	Поздний мел (маастрихт)	Формация Маэварано	Мадагаскар	Член Nigerophiidae , вида Indophis .
Рукванйока ^[84]	Gen. et sp. ноя	Действительный	Маккартни и др.	Олигоцен	Формация Нсунгве	Танзания	Самый древний booid змей и боа из Африки. Типовой вид - Rukwanyoka holmani .
Сейсмофис ^[85]	Gen. et sp. ноя	Действительный	Hsiou et al.	Поздний мел (сеноман)	Формация Алькантара	Бразилия	Змея неопределенного филогенетического положения, возможно, родственница Najash rionegrina . Типовой вид - Seismophis septentrionalis .

Черепахи [ править ]

Исследование [ править ]

Переописание на вновь открытый голотипе из юрских черепахи Plesiochelys etalloni опубликован Anquetin, Деш и Клод (2014). ^[86]

Недавно названные черепахи [ править ]

Имя	Новинка	Статус	Авторы	Возраст	Ед. изм	Место расположения	Заметки
Алиенохелис ^[87]	Gen. et sp. ноя	Действительный	de Lapparent de Broin et al.	Поздний мел (маастрихт)	Бассейн Улад-Абдун	Марокко	Морских черепах , член Dermochelyoidae. Типовой вид - Alienochelys selloumi .
Allaeochelys libyca ^[88]	Sp. ноя	Действительный	Хавлик, Джойс и Беме	Миоцен ( лангиан )		Ливия	Родственник свиноносой черепахи , вид (возможно парафилетического) рода Allaeochelys .
Эшличелис ^[89]	Gen. et sp. ноя	Действительный	Вимс и Сандерс	Олигоцен		Соединенные Штаты	Pancheloniid морских черепах . Типовой вид - Ashleychelys palmeri .
Атолчелис ^[90]	Gen. et sp. ноя	Действительный	Romano et al.	Ранний мел ( баррем )	Формация Морро-ду-Чавес	Бразилия	Bothremydid pleurodiran . Типовой вид - Atolchelys lepida .
Brodiechelys royoi ^[91]	Sp. ноя	Действительный	Перес-Гарсия, Гасулла и Ортега	Ранний апт	Формация Арсильяс-де-Морелла	Испания	Xinjiangchelyid , вид Brodiechelys .
Cheirogaster bacharidisi ^[92]	Sp. ноя	Действительный	Влахос, Цукала и Корсини	Плиоцен	Формация Гония	Греция	Черепахи , первоначально описанный как видов , относящихся к роду Cheirogaster . Впоследствии переведен Pérez-García & Vlachos (2014) в род Titanochelon . ^[93]
Эодортока ^[94]	Gen. et sp. ноя	Действительный	Перес-Гарсия, Гасулла и Ортега	Ранний мел (апт)	Формация Арсильяс-де-Морелла	Испания	Дортокид, член клады Пан-Плевродира (содержащий живых плевродиран и всех черепах, которые более тесно связаны с ними, чем с криптодиранами ). Типовой вид - Eodortoka morellana .
Гобиапалоне ^[95]	Gen. et comb. et sp. ноя	Действительно ^[96]	Данилов и др.	Поздний мел (сеноман - маастрихт)	Баруун Гоёот Баян Shireh Формирование Nemegt Формирование	Монголия	A trionychine trionychid. The type species is "Amyda" orlovi Khosatzky (1976); genus also contains new species Gobiapalone breviplastra. The genus Gobiapalone was considered to be a junior synonym of the genus Kuhnemys by Georgalis & Joyce (2017), though the authors maintained G. orlovi and G. breviplastra as distinct species within the latter genus.^[97]
Hylaeochelys kappa^[98]	Sp. nov	Valid	Pérez-García & Ortega	Late Jurassic (Tithonian)	Freixial Formation	Portugal	A basal member of Eucryptodira, a species of Hylaeochelys.
Judithemys kranzi^[99]	Sp. nov	Valid	Weems	Paleocene (early Thanetian)	Aquia Formation	United States	A member of (likely paraphyletic) group "Macrobaenidae", a species of Judithemys.
Nemegtemys^[95]	Gen. et sp. nov	Valid^[96]	Danilov et al.	Late Cretaceous (Maastrichtian)	Nemegt Formation	Mongolia	A cyclanorbine trionychid. The type species is Nemegtemys conflata.
Osonachelus^[100]	Gen. et sp. nov	Valid	de Lapparent de Broin et al.	Eocene (late Bartonian)	Vic-Manlleu Marls Formation	Spain	A cheloniid sea turtle. The type species is Osonachelus decorata.
Procolpochelys charlestonensis^[89]	Sp. nov	Valid	Weems & Sanders	Oligocene		United States	A pancheloniid sea turtle; a species of Procolpochelys.
Riodevemys^[101]	Gen. et sp. nov	Valid^[102]	Pérez-García, Royo-Torres & Cobos	Late Jurassic		Spain	A pleurosternid paracryptodiran. The type species is Riodevemys inumbragigas.
Tacuarembemys^[103]	Gen. et sp. nov	Valid	Perea et al.	Late Jurassic or earliest Cretaceous	Tacuarembó Formation	Uruguay	A turtle of uncertain phylogenetic placement. The type species is Tacuarembemys kusterae.
Titanochelon^[93]	Gen. et comb. nov	Valid	Pérez-García & Vlachos	Early Miocene to early Pleistocene		Austria Bulgaria France Germany Greece Portugal Spain Switzerland Turkey Malta?	A tortoise; a new genus for "Testudo" bolivari Hernández-Pacheco (1917). Genus also contains "Testudo" eurysternum Gervais (1848–1852), "Testudo" ginsburgi de Broin (1977), "Testudo" vitodurana Biedermann (1862), "Cheirogaster" steinbacheri Karl (1996), "Testudo" leberonensis Depéret (1890), "Testudo" schafferi Szalai (1931), "Testudo" perpiniana Depéret (1885) and "Cheirogaster" bacharidisi Vlachos et al. (2014). Genus might also contain "Testudo" gymnesicus Bate (1914).
‘Trionyx’ baynshirensis^[95]	Sp. nov	Valid^[96]	Danilov et al.	Late Cretaceous (Cenomanian to Santonian)	Bayan Shireh Formation	Mongolia	A trionychine trionychid, a species of Trionyx sensu lato.
‘Trionyx’ dissolutus^[104]	Sp. nov	Valid	Vitek & Danilov	Late Cretaceous (Cenomanian)		Uzbekistan	A trionychid, a species of Trionyx sensu lato.
‘Trionyx’ gilbentuensis^[95]	Sp. nov	Valid^[96]	Danilov et al.	Late Cretaceous (Maastrichtian)	Nemegt Formation	Mongolia	A trionychine trionychid, a species of Trionyx sensu lato.
‘Trionyx’ gobiensis^[95]	Sp. nov	Valid^[96]	Danilov et al.	Late Cretaceous (Maastrichtian)	Nemegt Formation	Mongolia	A trionychine trionychid, a species of Trionyx sensu lato.
‘Trionyx’ shiluutulensis^[95]	Sp. nov	Valid^[96]	Danilov et al.	Late Cretaceous (Campanian)		Mongolia	A trionychine trionychid, a species of Trionyx sensu lato.

Archosauromorphs[edit]

Basal archosauromorphs[edit]

Research[edit]

A redescription of Tasmaniosaurus triassicus is published by Ezcurra (2014).^[105]
A revision of anatomy and phylogenetic relationships of the archosauriform Dorosuchus neoetus is published by Sookias et al. (2014).^[106]
A revision of putative euparkeriids from the Triassic of China is published by Sookias et al. (2014).^[107]

New taxa[edit]

Name	Novelty	Status	Authors	Age	Unit	Location	Notes
Aenigmastropheus^[108]	Gen. et sp. nov	Valid	Ezcurra, Scheyer & Bulter	Late Permian (Wuchiapingian)	Usili Formation	Tanzania	A non-archosauriform archosauromorph, probably a protorosaurian. The type species is Aenigmastropheus parringtoni.
Garjainia madiba^[109]	Sp. nov	Valid	Gower et al.	Early Triassic (late Olenekian)	Burgersdorp Formation	South Africa	An erythrosuchid archosauriform, a species of Garjainia.
Hyperodapedon tikiensis^[110]	Sp. nov	Valid^[111]	Mukherjee & Ray	Late Triassic	Tiki Formation	India	A rhynchosaur, a species of Hyperodapedon.
Proterosuchus goweri^[112]	Sp. nov	Valid^[113]	Ezcurra & Butler	Early Triassic		South Africa	A proterosuchid archosauriform, a species of Proterosuchus.
Pseudochampsa^[114]	Gen. et comb. nov	Valid	Trotteyn & Ezcurra	Late Triassic (late Carnian or earliest Norian)	Ischigualasto Formation	Argentina	A proterochampsid archosauriform; a new genus for "Chanaresuchus" ischigualastensis Trotteyn, Martínez & Alcober (2012).

Pseudosuchians[edit]

Research[edit]

A study of anatomy and phylogenetic relationships of Gracilisuchus stipanicicorum, Turfanosuchus dabanensis and Yonghesuchus sangbiensis is published by Butler et al. (2014).^[115]
A study on the impact of sea level variations and sea surface temperatures on the evolution of marine crocodylomorphs is published by Martin et al. (2014).^[116]
A study of jaw mechanism and dental function in heterodont crocodyliforms is published by Ősi (2014).^[117]
A study on the types of serration in the teeth of members of the genus Machimosaurus is published by Young et al. (2014).^[118]
The atoposaurid crocodyliform genus Alligatorellus is revised by Tennant and Mannion (2014).^[119]

New taxa[edit]

Name	Novelty	Status	Authors	Age	Unit	Location	Notes
Allodaposuchus palustris^[120]	Sp. nov	Valid	Blanco et al.	Late Cretaceous (early Maastrichtian)	Tremp Formation	Spain	A eusuchian crocodylomorph, a species of Allodaposuchus.
Anthracosuchus^[121]	Gen. et sp. nov	Valid	Hastings, Bloch & Jaramillo	Paleocene	Cerrejón Formation	Colombia	A dyrosaurid crocodyliform. The type species is Anthracosuchus balrogus.
Aplestosuchus^[122]	Gen. et sp. nov	Valid	Godoy et al.	Late Cretaceous	Adamantina Formation	Brazil	A baurusuchid crocodylomorph. The type species is Aplestosuchus sordidus.
Caipirasuchus stenognathus^[123]	Sp. nov	Valid	Pol et al.	Late Cretaceous	Adamantina Formation	Brazil	A sphagesaurid crocodylomorph, a species of Caipirasuchus.
Diplocynodon remensis^[124]	Sp. nov	Valid	Martin et al.	Late Paleocene		France	A member of Alligatoroidea, a species of Diplocynodon.
Machimosaurus buffetauti^[125]	Sp. nov	Valid	Young et al.	Late Jurassic (Kimmeridgian)		France Germany Poland? United Kingdom?	A teleosaurid crocodylomorph, a species of Machimosaurus. Considered to be a junior synonym of Machimosaurus hugii by Martin, Vincent & Falconnet (2015).^[126]
Nundasuchus^[127]	Gen. et sp. nov	Valid	Nesbitt et al.	Middle Triassic (Anisian)	Manda Beds	Tanzania	A member of Archosauriformes of uncertain phylogenetic placement, possibly a pseudosuchian. The type species is Nundasuchus songeaensis.
Polesinesuchus^[128]	Gen. et sp. nov	Valid	Roberto-da-Silva et al.	Late Triassic	Santa Maria Formation	Brazil	An aetosaur. The type species is Polesinesuchus aurelioi.
Rukwasuchus^[129]	Gen. et sp. nov	Valid	Sertich & O’Connor	Cretaceous (Aptian to Cenomanian)	Galula Formation	Tanzania	A peirosaurid crocodyliform. The type species is Rukwasuchus yajabalijekundu.
Sahitisuchus^[130]	Gen. et sp. nov	Valid	Kellner, Pinheiro & Campos	Paleocene (Itaboraian)	Itaboraí Formation	Brazil	A sebecid crocodylomorph. The type species is Sahitisuchus fluminensis.
Wannchampsus^[131]	Gen. et sp. nov	Valid	Adams	Early Cretaceous (late Aptian)	Twin Mountains Formation	United States	A paralligatorid neosuchian crocodylomorph. The type species is Wannchampsus kirpachi.

Non-avian dinosaurs[edit]

Research[edit]

A study on the patterns of body size evolution in dinosaurs is published by Benson et al. (2014).^[132]
A study of size changes and rates of anatomical innovation in the theropod lineage ancestral to birds is published by Lee et al. (2014).^[133]
A study of evolution of body size and forelimb length in birds and nov-avian coelurosaurian theropods is published by Puttick, Thomas and Benton (2014).^[134]
A phylogenetic analysis of bird and non-avian coelurosaurian theropod relationships and a study of rates of morphological evolution and changes in morphological disparity across the dinosaur-bird transition is published by Brusatte et al. (2014).^[135]
A description of abelisaurid teeth from the Late Jurassic Lourinhã Formation of Portugal and a phylogenetic analysis of theropod relationships based on dental characters is published by Hendrickx and Mateus (2014).^[136]
A study of theropod diversity in the Cretaceous (Aptian-Albian) of Tunisia is published by Fanti et al. (2014).^[137]
A juvenile specimen of Megaraptor namunhuaiquii is described by Porfiri et al. (2014).^[138]
A study of European fossil record of Ornithomimosauria is published by Allain et al. (2014).^[139]
A study on the morphological variability and function of manual claws in theropod dinosaurs, especially in therizinosaurs, is published by Lautenschlager (2014).^[140]
A study of flight ability in some non-avian paravian theropods is published by Sorkin (2014).^[141]
"Saurornitholestes" robustus, initially thought to be a dromaeosaurid, is reinterpreted as a troodontid by Evans et al. (2014).^[142]
A well-preserved specimen of Microraptor zhaoianus is described by Pei et al. (2014).^[143]
A study of anatomy and phylogenetic relationships of Antetonitrus ingenipes is published by McPhee et al. (2014).^[144]
A study on the differences in skull anatomy of Diplodocus and Camarasaurus, and on their implications for inferring possible niche partitioning between Late Jurassic sauropod taxa known from the Morrison Formation, is published by Button, Rayfield & Barrett (2014).^[145]
Fragmentary partial skeleton of a small sauropod belonging to the genus Haplocanthosaurus collected from the Rocky Mountains of central Colorado is described by Foster & Wedel (2014).^[146]
The purported size of the holotype vertebra of Amphicoelias fragillimus is reevaluated by Woodruff and Foster (2014).^[147]
A study of phylogenetic relationships of Lourinhasaurus alenquerensis is published by Mocho, Royo-Torres and Ortega (2014).^[148]
A study of anatomy and phylogenetic relationships of Aragosaurus ischiaticus is published by Royo-Torres et al. (2014).^[149]
A study of titanosaur osteoderms from the Upper Cretaceous Lo Hueco site in Cuenca, Spain is published by Vidal, Ortega and Sanz (2014).^[150]
A study of species richness of South American titanosaur assemblages during the Late Cretaceous is published by Vieira et al. (2014).^[151]
A study of the effect of intervertebral cartilage on neck posture of sauropod dinosaurs is published by Taylor (2014).^[152]
A study of the dentition of Manidens condorensis is published by Becerra et al. (2014).^[153]
A study of the postcranial anatomy of Heterodontosaurus tucki is published by Galton (2014).^[154]
A study of the impact of osteoderm placement on the centre of mass of stegosaurs is published by Mallison (2014).^[155]
A study of Early Cretaceous Spanish iguanodont ornithopod diversity and a description of new remains referrable to Delapparentia is published by Gasca, Canudo and Moreno-Azanza (2014).^[156]
A specimen of Edmontosaurus regalis with remains of a soft-tissue cranial crest is described by Bell et al. (2014).^[157]
A juvenile specimen of Edmontosaurus annectens is described by Prieto-Márquez (2014).^[158]
An assemblage of Psittacosaurus juveniles associated with a larger specimen from the Lujiatun beds of the Yixian Formation in Liaoning, China is described by Hedrick et al. (2014).^[159]
An aggregation of four juveniles of Protoceratops andrewsi from the Tugrikin Shire locality of the Djadokhta Formation in Central Gobi region, Mongolia and two associated subadults of the same species from the same locality are described by Hone et al. (2014).^[160]
A study of ontogenetic changes in the craniofacial skeleton of Centrosaurus apertus is published by Frederickson and Tumarkin-Deratzian (2014).^[161]
A new specimen attributable to Arrhinoceratops brachyops is described by Mallon et al. (2014).^[162]
A study on the evolution of species belonging to the genus Triceratops, as indicated by their morphological variation and stratigraphic data from the Hell Creek Formation (Montana, United States), is published by Scannella et al. (2014).^[163]
A new specimen of Spinosaurus is described by Ibrahim et al., with a controversial reconstruction of Spinosaurus as a quadrupedal semi-aquatic genus.^[164]
Two new specimens of the previous enigma Deinocheirus are described and analysed by Lee et al. (2014).^[165]
A tiny theropod was found in the South Korea. (2014)

New taxa[edit]

Name	Novelty	Status	Authors	Age	Unit	Location	Notes	Images
Adelolophus^[166]	Gen. et sp. nov	Valid	Gates et al.	Late Cretaceous (Campanian)	Wahweap Formation	United States	A lambeosaurine hadrosaurid. The type species is Adelolophus hutchisoni.
Allosaurus lucasi^[167]	Sp. nov	Valid	Dalman	Late Jurassic (Tithonian)	Morrison Formation	United States	An allosauroid theropod, a species of Allosaurus.
Amargastegos^[168]	Gen. et sp. nov	Disputed	Ulansky	Early Cretaceous (Barremian-early Aptian)	La Amarga Formation	Argentina	A stegosaur. The type species is Amargastegos brevicollus. According to Galton and Carpenter (2016) it did not meet the requirements of the International Code of Zoological Nomenclature.^[169]
Andhrasaurus^[168]	Gen. et. sp. nov	Disputed	Ulansky	Early Jurassic (Pliensbachian-Toarcian)	Kota Formation	India	A basal thyreophoran. The type species is Andhrasaurus indicus. According to Galton and Carpenter (2016) it did not meet the requirements of the International Code of Zoological Nomenclature.^[169]
Anzu^[170]	Gen. et sp. nov	Valid	Lamanna et al.	Late Cretaceous (late Maastrichtian)	Hell Creek Formation	United States	A caenagnathid theropod. The type species is Anzu wyliei.	Anzu
Aquilops^[171]	Gen. et sp. nov	Valid	Farke et al.	Early Cretaceous (Albian)	Cloverly Formation	United States	A basal member of Neoceratopsia. The type species is Aquilops americanus.	Aquilops
Arcovenator^[172]	Gen. et sp. nov	Valid	Tortosa et al.	Late Cretaceous (late Campanian)		France	An abelisaurid theropod. The type species is Arcovenator escotae.	Arcovenator
Camarillasaurus^[173]	Gen. et sp. nov	Valid	Sánchez-Hernández & Benton	Early Cretaceous (early Barremian)	Camarillas Formation	Spain	A theropod dinosaur; originally described as a basal ceratosaurian, but subsequently reinterpreted as a spinosaurid.^[174] The type species is Camarillasaurus cirugedae.
Changyuraptor^[175]	Gen. et sp. nov	Valid	Han et al.	Early Cretaceous	Yixian Formation	China	A microraptorine dromaeosaurid theropod. The type species is Changyuraptor yangi.
Chuanqilong^[176]	Gen. et sp. nov	Valid	Han et al.	Early Cretaceous (Aptian)	Jiufotang Formation	China	An ankylosaurid. The type species is Chuanqilong chaoyangensis.
Chungkingosaurus giganticus^[168]	Sp. nov	Disputed	Ulansky	Late Jurassic (Oxfordian)	Shangshaximiao Formation	China	A huayangosaurid, a species of Chungkingosaurus. According to Galton and Carpenter (2016) it did not meet the requirements of the International Code of Zoological Nomenclature.^[169]
Chungkingosaurus magnus^[168]	Sp. nov	Disputed	Ulansky	Late Jurassic (Oxfordian)	Shangshaximiao Formation	China	A huayangosaurid, a species of Chungkingosaurus. According to Galton and Carpenter (2016) it did not meet the requirements of the International Code of Zoological Nomenclature.^[169]
Datanglong^[177]	Gen. et sp. nov	Valid	Mo et al.	Early Cretaceous	Xinlong Formation	China	A carcharodontosaur theropod. The type species is Datanglong guangxiensis.
Dreadnoughtus^[178]	Gen. et sp. nov	Valid	Lacovara et al.	Late Cretaceous (Campanian or Maastrichtian)	Cerro Fortaleza Formation	Argentina	A titanosaurian sauropod. The type species is Dreadnoughtus schrani.
Eoplophysis^[168]	Gen. et comb. nov	Disputed	Ulansky	Middle Jurassic (Bathonian)	Cornbrash Formation	England	A stegosaur; a new genus for "Omosaurus" vetustus von Huene (1910). According to Galton and Carpenter (2016) it did not meet the requirements of the International Code of Zoological Nomenclature.^[169]
Eousdryosaurus^[179]	Gen. et sp. nov	Valid	Escaso et al.	Late Jurassic	Alcobaça Formation	Portugal	A dryosaurid ornithopod. The type species is Eousdryosaurus nanohallucis.
Ferganastegos^[168]	Gen. et sp. nov	Disputed	Ulansky	Middle Jurassic (Callovian)	Balabansai Formation	Kyrgyzstan	A stegosaur. According to Galton and Carpenter (2016) it did not meet the requirements of the International Code of Zoological Nomenclature.^[169]
Fosterovenator^[180]	Gen. et sp. nov	Valid	Dalman	Late Jurassic (Kimmeridgian/Tithonian)	Morrison Formation	United States	A theropod dinosaur. The type species is Fosterovenator churei.	Fosterovenator
Gobivenator^[181]	Gen. et sp. nov	Valid	Tsuihiji et al.	Late Cretaceous (Campanian)	Djadochta Formation	Mongolia	A troodontid theropod. The type species is Gobivenator mongoliensis.	Gobivenator
Gongpoquansaurus^[182]	Gen. et comb. nov	Valid	You, Li & Dodson	Early Cretaceous (Albian)	Zhonggou Formation	China	A non-hadrosaurid hadrosauroid; a new genus for "Probactrosaurus" mazongshanensis Lü (1997).
Huangshanlong^[183]	Gen. et sp. nov	Valid	Huang et al.	Middle Jurassic	Hongqin Formation	China	A mamenchisaurid sauropod. The type species is Huangshanlong anhuiensis.
Kulindadromeus^[184]	Gen. et sp. nov	Valid	Godefroit et al.	Middle or Late Jurassic (Bajocian to Tithonian)	Ukureyskaya Formation	Russia	A non-cerapodan neornithischian. The type species is Kulindadromeus zabaikalicus.	Kulindadromeus
Laquintasaura^[185]	Gen. et sp. nov	Valid	Barrett et al.	Early Jurassic	La Quinta Formation	Venezuela	A basal ornithischian. The type species is Laquintasaura venezuelae.	Laquintasaura
Leinkupal^[186]	Gen. et sp. nov	Valid	Gallina et al.	Early Cretaceous (late Berriasian to Valanginian)	Bajada Colorada Formation	Argentina	A diplodocine diplodocid sauropod. The type species is Leinkupal laticauda.	Leinkupal
Mercuriceratops^[187]	Gen. et sp. nov	Valid	Ryan et al.	Late Cretaceous (Campanian)	Dinosaur Park Formation Judith River Formation	Canada United States	A chasmosaurine ceratopsid. The type species is Mercuriceratops gemini.	Mercuriceratops
Nanuqsaurus^[188]	Gen. et sp. nov	Valid	Fiorillo & Tykoski	Late Cretaceous (Maastrichtian)	Prince Creek Formation	United States	A tyrannosaurid theropod. The type species is Nanuqsaurus hoglundi.	Nanuqsaurus
Natronasaurus^[168]	Gen. et comb. nov	Disputed	Ulansky	Late Jurassic (Kimmeridgian-Tithonian)	Morrison Formation	United States	A stegosaurid; a new genus for "Stegosaurus" longispinus Gilmore (1914). According to Galton and Carpenter (2016) it did not meet the requirements of the International Code of Zoological Nomenclature; Galton and Carpenter made "S." longispinus the type species of a new genus Alcovasaurus.^[169]
Panguraptor^[189]	Gen. et sp. nov	Valid	You et al.	Early Jurassic	Lufeng Formation	China	A coelophysoid theropod. The type species is Panguraptor lufengensis.
Pentaceratops aquilonius^[190]	Sp. nov	Valid	Longrich	Late Cretaceous (late Campanian)	Dinosaur Park Formation	Canada	A ceratopsid, a species of Pentaceratops.
Plesiohadros^[191]	Gen. et sp. nov	Valid	Tsogtbaatar et al.	Late Cretaceous (probably late Campanian)	Djadochta Formation Beds of Alag Teeg	Mongolia	A non-hadrosaurid hadrosauroid. The type species is Plesiohadros djadokhtaensis.
Qianzhousaurus^[192]	Gen. et sp. nov	Valid	Lü et al.	Late Cretaceous (Maastrichtian)		China	A tyrannosaurid theropod. The type species is Qianzhousaurus sinensis.	Qianzhousaurus
Quetecsaurus^[193]	Gen. et sp. nov	Valid	González Riga & Ortiz David	Late Cretaceous (Turonian)	Cerro Lisandro Formation	Argentina	A titanosaur sauropod related to Mendozasaurus and Futalognkosaurus. The type species is Quetecsaurus rusconii.	Quetecsaurus
Rhinorex^[194]	Gen. et sp. nov	Valid^[195]	Gates & Scheetz	Late Cretaceous (Campanian)	Neslen Formation	United States	A saurolophine hadrosaurid. The type species is Rhinorex condrupus.
Rukwatitan^[196]	Gen. et sp. nov	Valid	Gorscak et al.	Cretaceous (Aptian to Cenomanian)	Galula Formation	Tanzania	A titanosaur sauropod. The type species is Rukwatitan bisepultus.
Saldamosaurus^[168]	Gen. et sp. nov	Disputed	Ulansky	Late Jurassic	Saldam Formation	Russia	A stegosaur. The type species is Saldamosaurus tuvensis. According to Galton and Carpenter (2016) it did not meet the requirements of the International Code of Zoological Nomenclature.^[169]
Scelidosaurus arizonensis^[168]	Sp. nov	Disputed	Ulansky	Early Jurassic (?Sinemurian-Pliensbachian)	Kayenta Formation	United States	A basal thyreophoran, a species of Scelidosaurus. According to Galton and Carpenter (2016) it did not meet the requirements of the International Code of Zoological Nomenclature.^[169]
Siamodracon^[168]	Gen. et sp. nov	Disputed	Ulansky	Late Jurassic	Phu Kradung Formation	Thailand	A stegosaur. The type species is Siamodracon altispinus. According to Galton and Carpenter (2016) it did not meet the requirements of the International Code of Zoological Nomenclature.^[169]
Sinopeltosaurus^[168]	Gen. et sp. nov	Disputed	Ulansky	Early Jurassic (Hettangian-Pliensbachian)	Lufeng Formation	China	A basal thyreophoran. The type species is Sinopeltosaurus minimus. According to Galton and Carpenter (2016) it did not meet the requirements of the International Code of Zoological Nomenclature.^[169]
Tachiraptor^[197]	Gen. et sp. nov	Valid	Langer et al.	Earliest Jurassic	La Quinta Formation	Venezuela	A stem-averostran theropod. The type species is Tachiraptor admirabilis.
Tambatitanis^[198]	Gen. et sp. nov	Valid	Saegusa and Ikeda	Early Cretaceous (probably early Albian)	Sasayama Group	Japan	A titanosauriform sauropod, a member of Somphospondyli. The type species is Tambatitanis amicitiae.
Torvosaurus gurneyi^[199]	Sp. nov	Valid	Hendrickx & Mateus	Late Jurassic (late Kimmeridgian)	Lourinhã Formation	Portugal	A megalosauroid theropod, a species of Torvosaurus.
Vahiny^[200]	Gen. et sp. nov	Valid	Curry Rogers & Wilson	Late Cretaceous	Maevarano Formation	Madagascar	A titanosaur sauropod. The type species is Vahiny depereti.
Wuerhosaurus mongoliensis^[168]	Sp. nov.	Disputed	Ulansky	Early Cretaceous (Aptian-Albian)	Khukhtyk Formation	Mongolia	A stegosaur, a species of Wuerhosaurus. According to Galton and Carpenter (2016) it did not meet the requirements of the International Code of Zoological Nomenclature.^[169]
Yongjinglong^[201]	Gen. et sp. nov	Valid	Li et al.	Early Cretaceous	Hekou Group	China	A titanosaur sauropod. The type species is Yongjinglong datangi.
Zaraapelta^[202]	Gen. et sp. nov	Valid	Arbour, Currie & Badamgarav	Late Cretaceous	Barun Goyot Formation	Mongolia	A member of Ankylosauridae. The type species is Zaraapelta nomadis.
Zby^[203]	Gen. et sp. nov	Valid	Mateus, Mannion & Upchurch	Late Jurassic (late Kimmeridgian)	Lourinhã Formation	Portugal	A turiasaurian sauropod. The type species is Zby atlanticus.	Zby
Zhanghenglong^[204]	Gen. et sp. nov	Valid	Xing et al.	Late Cretaceous (Santonian)	Majiacun Formation	China	A non-hadrosaurid hadrosauroid ornithopod. The type species is Zhanghenglong yangchengensis.	Zhanghenglong
Ziapelta^[205]	Gen. et sp. nov	Valid	Arbour et al.	Late Cretaceous (late Campanian)	Kirtland Formation	United States	An ankylosaurid. The type species is Ziapelta sanjuanensis.	Ziapelta

Birds[edit]

Research[edit]

A study on the antiquity of birds is published by Lee et al. (2014).^[206]
A new specimen of Archaeopteryx is described by Foth, Tischlinger and Rauhut (2014).^[207]
Zhongornis haoae, initially thought to be a bird, is argued to be a non-avian maniraptoran by O'Connor and Sullivan (2014).^[208]
A study of ecological disparity in Early Cretaceous birds is published by Mitchell and Makovicky (2014).^[209]
A subadult specimen of Zhouornis hani is described by Zhang et al. (2014).^[210]
New specimen of Hongshanornis longicresta, providing new information on the anatomy, trophic ecology and aerodynamics of this species is described from the Lower Cretaceous Yixian Formation (China) by Chiappe et al. (2014).^[211]
A study of the species status of the moa from the genus Euryapteryx is published by Huynen and Lambert (2014).^[212]
A study of growth in the moa from the genus Euryapteryx is published by Huynen et al. (2014).^[213]
A study of tbx5 gene of the moa from the genus Dinornis is published by Huynen et al. (2014).^[214]
New samples of Miocene ratite eggs are described from Namibia by Pickford (2014), who names new ootaxa Tsondabornis psammoides, Tsondabornis minor and Namornis elimensis.^[215]
Fossil remains of a relative of the hoatzin, possibly a species belonging to the genus Namibiavis, from the middle Miocene of Kenya, are described by Mayr (2014).^[216]
A specimen of Pumiliornis tessellatus with preserved stomach contents including pollen grains is described by Mayr and Wilde (2014).^[217]
A Late Pleistocene specimen of griffon vulture (Gyps fulvus) with exceptionally well preserved fossilized soft tissues is described from the Alban Hills volcanic region, Italy by Iurino et al. (2014).^[218]

New taxa[edit]

Name	Novelty	Status	Authors	Age	Unit	Location	Notes
Aegypius varswaterensis ^[219]	Sp nov.	Valid	Albrecht Manegold, Marco Pavia, Pippa Haarhoff	Early Pliocene	Varswater Formation	South Africa	An Aegypius sp. related to the cinereous vulture
Anser djuktaiensis^[220]	Sp nov.	Valid	Zelenkov & Kurochkin	Late Pleistocene		Russia	A species of Anser.
Australornis lovei ^[221]	Gen. et Sp. nov.	Valid	Mayr & R. Paul Scofield	Early Paleocene	Waipara Greensand	New Zealand	An incertae sedis Neognathae, Monotypic with A. lovei.
Bambolinetta lignitifila ^[222]	Gen. et Comb. nov.	Valid	Mayr & Pavia	Miocene		Italy	An Anatinae genus, Comb. nov. for "Anas" lignitifila
Baselrallus intermedius ^[223]	Gen. et Sp. nov.	Valid	De Pietri, Gerald Mayr	Early Miocene		France	A member of the Rallidae. The type species of the new genus.
Caracara seymouri ^[224]	Sp. nov.	Valid	Suarez & Olson	Quaternary	La Carolina Talara Tar Seeps	Ecuador Peru	A Caracara, Falconidae.
Cryptopsar ischyrhynchus ^[225]	Gen. et Sp. nov.	Valid	Hume	Holocene		Mauritius	A member of the Sturnidae, it is the type species of the new genus.
Eopengornis martini ^[226]	Gen. et Sp. nov.	Valid	Wang, O'Connor, Zheng, Wang, Hu, Zhou	Early Cretaceous,	Huajiying Formation	China	A member of the Enantiornithes, it is the type species of the new genus.
Eudyptes calauina ^[227]	Sp. nov.	Valid	Hoffmeister, Carrillo Briceño, & Nielsen	Pliocene	Horcón Formation	Chile	An extinct crested penguin.
Evgenavis nobilis ^[228]	Gen. et Sp. nov.	Valid	O’Connor, Averianov, & Zelenkov	Barremian-Aptian	Ilek Formation	Russia	Aves incertae sedis. it is the type species of the new genus.
Falco hezhengensis ^[229]	Sp. nov.	Valid	Zhiheng, Zhonghe, Tao, Qiang, & Clarke	Late Miocene	Linxia Basin	China	A member of the Falconidae.
Fortunguavis xiaotaizicus ^[230]	Gen. nov. et Sp. nov.	Valid	Wang Min Jingmai K. O’Connor Zhou Zhonghe	Early Cretaceous	Jiufotang Formation	China	A member of Enantiornithes Walker, 1981. This is the type species of the new genus.
Gansus zheni ^[231]	Sp. nov.	Valid	Di Liu Luis M. Chiappe Yuguang Zhang Alyssa Bell Qingjin Meng Qiang Ji Xuri Wang	Early Cretaceous	Jiufotang Formation	China	An early member of Ornithuromorpha Chiappe, 2002, a species of Gansus.
Garganornis ballmanni ^[232]	Gen. nov. et Sp. nov.	Valid	Hanneke J. M. Meijer	Miocene	Fissure fillings	Italy	A member of the Anseriformes, this is the type species of the new genus.
Genucrassum bransatensis ^[233]	Gen. nov. et Sp. nov.	Valid	Vanesa L. De Pietri R. Paul Scofield	Late Oligocene	MP 30; 23.03 Mya	France	A stone-curlew, Burhinidae, this is the type species of the new genus.
Grabauornis lingyuanensis^[234]	Gen. nov. et Sp. nov.	Valid	Johan Dalsätt Per G.P. Ericson Zhou Zhonghe	Early Cretaceous	Yixian Formation	China	A member of Enantiornithes Walker, 1981. This is the type species of the new genus.
?Ibidopodia chavrochensis ^[235]	Sp. nov.	Valid	Vanesa L. De Pietri Gerald Mayr	Early Miocene	Chavroches MN 2	France	An Idiornithid, Idiornithidae Cariamiformes, possibly a species of Ibidopodia Milne-Edwards, 1868.
?Ibidopodia minuta ^[235]	Sp. nov.	Valid	Vanesa L. De Pietri Gerald Mayr	Early Miocene	Saulcet	France	An Idiornithid, Idiornithidae Cariamiformes, possibly a species of Ibidopodia Milne-Edwards, 1868.
Iteravis huchzermeyeri^[236]	Gen. nov. et sp. nov.	Valid	Shuang Zhou Jingmai K. O’Connor Min Wang	Early Cretaceous	Yixian Formation	China	A basal member of the Ornithuromorpha Chiappe, 2002. This is the type species of the new genus.
Jeholornis curvipes ^[237]	Sp. nov.	Valid	Ulysse Lefèvre Dongyu Hu François Escuillié Gareth Dyke Pascal Godefroit	Early Cretaceous	Yixian Formation	China	A member of Avialae Gauthier, 1986, a species of Jeholornis Zhou et Zhang, 2002.
Limnofregata hutchisoni ^[238]	Sp. nov.	Valid^[239]	Thomas A. Stidham	Early Eocene	Wasatch Formation	United States: Wyoming	A member of Fregatidae, a species of Limnofregata.
Longusunguis kurochkini ^[240]	Gen. nov. et Sp. nov.	Valid	Wang Min Zhou Zhonghe Jingmai K. O'Connor Nikita V. Zelenkov	Early Cretaceous	Jiufotang Formation	China	A member of Enantiornithes Walker, 1981 related to Bohaiornis. This is the type species of new genus.
Mergellus mochanovi ^[220]	Sp. nov.	Valid	Nikita V. Zelenkov Evgeny N. Kurochkin	Late Pleistocene		Russia	A member of the Anatidae related to the smew, a species of Mergellus.
Mergus milleneri ^[241]	Sp. nov.	Valid	Murray Williams Alan J. D. Tennyson	Holocene	Chatham Island	New Zealand	A member of the Anatidae.
Nectornis africanus ^[242]	Sp. nov.	Valid	Gerald Mayr	Middle Miocene	MN 5	Kenya	A cormorant, Phalacrocoracidae, a species of Nectornis Cheneval, 1984.
Nestor chathamensis^[243]	Sp. nov.	Valid	Jamie R. Wood Kieren J. Mitchell R. Paul Scofield Alan J. D. Tennyson in Wood et al.	Holocene	Chatham Islands	New Zealand	A New Zealand parrot belonging to the family Nestoridae Bonaparte, 1849, a species of Nestor.
?Nupharanassa mabokoensis ^[242]	Sp. nov.	Valid	Gerald Mayr	Middle Miocene	MN 5	Kenya	A jacana, Jacanidae, possibly a species of Nupharanassa Rasmussen, Olson et Simons, 1987.
Parabohaiornis martini ^[240]	Gen. nov. et Sp. nov.	Valid	Wang Min Zhou Zhonghe Jingmai K. O’Connor Nikita V. Zelenkov	Early Cretaceous	Jiufotang Formation	China	A member of Enantiornithes Walker, 1981 related to Bohaiornis. The type species of the new genus, placed in the family Bohaiornithidae Wang, Zhou, O’Connor et Zelenkov, 2014 with de genera Shenqiornis Wang, O’Connor, Zhao, Chiappe, Gao et Cheng, 2010, Sulcavis O’Connor, Zhang, Chiappe, Meng, Quanguo et Di, 2013, Zhouornis Zhang, Chiappe, Han et Chinsamy, 2013, Longusunguis Wang, Zhou, O’Connor et Zelenkov, 2014 and Bohaiornis Hu, Hou L. H. et Xu, 2011.
Parvavis chuxiongensis ^[244]	Gen. nov. et Sp. nov.	Valid	Wang Min Zhou Zhonghe Xu Guanghui	Late Cretaceous, Turonian to Santonian	Jiangdihe Formation	China	A member of Enantiornithes Walker, 1981. The type species of the new genus.
Pelagornis sandersi ^[245]	Sp. nov.	Valid	Daniel T. Ksepka	Late Oligocene	Chandler Bridge Formation, Early Chattian	USA: South Carolina	A member of the Pelagornithidae Fürbringer, 1888, a species of Pelagornis Lartet, 1857; the bird with the biggest wingspan known up to now.
Piscivoravis lii ^[246]	Gen. nov. et Sp. nov.	Valid	Zhou Shuang Zhou Zhonghe Jingmai K. O'Connor	Early Cretaceous	Jiufotang Formation	China	A basal member of the Ornithuromorpha Chiappe, 2002. This is the type species the new genus.
Plotornis graculoides ^[222]	Comb. nov.	Valid	Gerald Mayr Marco Pavia	Miocene	MN 1–2	Italy	A member of the Diomedeidae, a new name for "Chenornis" graculoides Portis 1884, creating a Comb. nov.
Protoazin parisiensis ^[247]	Gen. nov. et Sp. nov.	Valid	Gerald Mayr Vanesa L. De Pietri	Late Eocene	Priabonian, MP 20	France	A relative of the hoatzin, Opisthocomidae. This is the type species of the new genus.
Sobniogallus albinojamrozi ^[248]	Gen. et Sp. nov.	Valid	Tomek, Bocheński, Wertz, & Świdnicka	Rupelian	Krosno Formation	Poland	Galliformes incertae sedis. This is the type species of the new genus.
Tianyuornis cheni ^[249]	Gen. et Sp. nov.	Valid	Xiao-Ting, O'Connor, Xiao-Li, Xiao-Mei, & Yan	Early Cretaceous	Yixian Formation	China	A member of the Hongshanornithidae, the type species of the new genus.

Pterosaurs[edit]

Research[edit]

A study of pneumaticity of pterosaur wing bones is published by Martin and Palmer (2014).^[250]
A complete and fully articulated juvenile specimen of Scaphognathus crassirostris is described by Bennett (2014).^[251]
Partial 3D egg of Pterodaustro guinazui is described by Grellet-Tinner et al. (2014).^[252]
Cearadactylus atrox is redescribed by Vila Nova et al. (2014).^[253]
The taxonomy and distribution of the family Azhdarchidae is reviewed by Averianov (2014).^[254]
A reevaluation of the fossil material attributed to Bakonydraco galaczi, indicating that the fossils actually represent at least two pterosaur taxa, is published by Prondvai, Bodor and Ősi (2014).^[255]
A study of medullary bone-like tissue in the mandibular symphyses of Bakonydraco galaczi is published by Prondvai and Stein (2014).^[256]
New postcranial remains belonging to thalassodromine pterosaurs from the Romualdo Formation in the Araripe Basin of Brazil are described by Aires et al. (2014).^[257]
The morphology and evolution of the pelvis in pterosaurs is reviewed by Hyder et al. (2014), who also find significant differences that correlate well with several pterosaur clades.^[258]
Bantim et al. (2014) analyze the skull variation and the shape of the sagittal premaxillary crests in anhanguerid pterosaurs using bidimensional geometric morphometrics.^[259]
Costa et al. (2014) perform the myological reconstruction of the pelvic girdle and hindlimb of the pterosaur species Anhanguera piscator using three-dimensional virtual animation.^[260]
Based on a digital three-dimensional osteological model of the species Anhanguera piscator, Costa et al. (2014) demonstrate that these types pterosaurs were quadrupedal animals.^[261]

New taxa[edit]

Name	Novelty	Status	Authors	Age	Unit	Location	Notes	Images
Aerodactylus^[262]	Gen. et comb. nov	Valid	Vidovic & Martill	Late Jurassic	Solnhofen Limestone	Germany	A member of Pterodactyloidea related to Gladocephaloideus, Cycnorhamphus, Ardeadactylus and Aurorazhdarcho; a new genus for "Pterodactylus" scolopaciceps Meyer (1860).	Aerodactylus
Boreopterus giganticus^[263]	Sp. nov	Valid	Jiang et al.	Early Cretaceous		China	A species of Boreopterus.
Caiuajara^[264]	Gen. et sp. nov	Valid	Manzig et al.	Late Cretaceous	Bauru Basin, Caiuá Group, Goio-Erê Formation	Brazil	A tapejarid. The type species is Caiuajara dobruskii.
Hamipterus^[265]	Gen. et sp. nov	Valid	Wang et al.	Early Cretaceous	Tugulu Group	China	A member of Pteranodontoidea of uncertain phylogenetic placement. The type species is Hamipterus tianshanensis.
Ikrandraco^[266]	Gen. et sp. nov	Valid	Wang et al.	Early Cretaceous (Aptian)	Jiufotang Formation	China	A non-anhanguerian pteranodontoid. The type species is Ikrandraco avatar. Announced in 2014; the correction including evidence of registration in ZooBank within the work itself was published in 2020.^[267]
Kryptodrakon^[268]	Gen. et sp. nov	Valid	Andres, Clark & Xu	Middle-Late Jurassic boundary		China	An early member of Pterodactyloidea. The type species is Kryptodrakon progenitor.	Kryptodrakon
Maaradactylus^[269]	Gen. et sp. nov	Valid	Bantim et al.	Early Cretaceous (Aptian or Albian)	Romualdo Formation	Brazil	A member of Anhangueridae. The type species is Maaradactylus kellneri.

Other reptiles[edit]

Name	Novelty	Status	Authors	Age	Unit	Location	Notes
Abyssomedon^[270]	Gen. et sp. nov	Valid	Macdougall & Reisz	Early Permian	Garber Formation	United States	A nyctiphruretid parareptile. The type species is Abyssomedon williamsi.
Atopodentatus^[271]	Gen. et sp. nov	Valid	Cheng et al.	Middle Triassic (Anisian)	Guanling Formation	China	A marine reptile, probably a relative of sauropterygians. The type species is Atopodentatus unicus.
Delorhynchus cifellii^[272]	Sp. nov	Valid	Reisz, Macdougall & Modesto	Early Permian	Garber Formation	United States	A parareptile relative of lanthanosuchoids, a species of Delorhynchus.
Eohupehsuchus^[273]	Gen. et sp. nov	Valid	Chen et al.	Early Triassic	Jialingjiang Formation	China	A hupehsuchian. The type species is Eohupehsuchus brevicollis.
Horaffia^[274]	Gen. et sp. nov	Valid	Klein & Hagdorn	Middle Triassic (Ladinian)	Erfurt Formation	Germany	A marine diapsid reptile of uncertain phylogenetic placement. The type species is Horaffia kugleri.
Largocephalosaurus qianensis^[275]	Sp. nov	Valid	Li et al.	Triassic	Guanling Formation	China	A member of Saurosphargidae, a species of Largocephalosaurus.
Parahupehsuchus^[276]	Gen. et sp. nov	Valid	Chen et al.	Early Triassic	Jialingjiang Formation	China	A hupehsuchian. The type species is Parahupehsuchus longus.

Synapsids[edit]

Non-mammalian synapsids[edit]

Research[edit]

A study on the diel activity patterns of non-mammalian synapsids is published by Angielczyk & Schmitz (2014).^[277]
The presence of plicidentine (infolded dentine around the base of the tooth root) is reported in the maxillary and dentary teeth of Ianthodon, Sphenacodon, Secodontosaurus and Dimetrodon by Brink, LeBlanc & Reisz (2014).^[278]
A study of the anatomy of nasal cavity of Brasilitherium riograndensis is published by Ruf et al. (2014).^[279]
A study of the anatomy of the therocephalian Simorhinella baini and a taxonomic re-evaluation of the family Lycosuchidae is published by Abdala et al. (2014).^[280]

New taxa[edit]

Name	Novelty	Status	Authors	Age	Unit	Location	Notes
Abajudon^[281]	Gen. et sp. nov	Valid	Angielczyk et al.	Permian	Madumabisa Mudstone^[282] Ruhuhu Formation	Tanzania Zambia^[282]	A dicynodont of uncertain phylogenetic placement. The type species is Abajudon kaayai.
Alierasaurus^[283]	Gen. et sp. nov	Valid	Romano & Nicosia	Permian	Cala del Vino Formation	Italy	A caseid. The type species is Alierasaurus ronchii.
Botucaraitherium^[284]	Gen. et sp. nov	Valid	Soares, Martinelli & De Oliveira	Late Triassic (possibly early Norian)	Riograndia Assemblage Zone of the Candelária Sequence (Caturrita Formation)	Brazil	A prozostrodontian cynodont. The type species is Botucaraitherium belarminoi.
Eocasea^[285]	Gen. et sp. nov	Valid	Reisz & Fröbisch	Carboniferous (late Pennsylvanian)	Calhoun Shale	United States	A member of Caseidae . The type species is Eocasea martini.
Sungeodon^[286]	Gen. et sp. nov	Valid	Maisch & Matzke	Early Triassic	Jiucaiyuan Formation	China	A kannemeyeriiform dicynodont . The type species is Sungeodon kimkraemerae.

Mammals[edit]

Other animals[edit]

Name	Novelty	Status	Authors	Age	Unit	Location	Notes
Archiasterella charma^[287]	Sp. nov	Valid	Moore, Li & Porter	Early Cambrian	Puerto Blanco Formation^[288] Shiyantou Formation	China Mexico^[288]	A member of Chancelloriida.
Ascarites rufferi^[289]	Sp. nov	Valid	Da Silva et al.	Middle Triassic (Ladinian)	Sítio Cortado site	Brazil	An ascaridid nematode found in a cynodont coprolite, a species of Ascarites.
Ashetscolex^[290]	Gen. et sp. nov	Valid	Muir et al.	Ordovician (earliest Floian)	Tonggao Formation	China	A palaeoscolecid worm. The type species is Ashetscolex nuppus.
Atraktoprion podolicus^[291]	Sp. nov	Valid	Szaniawski & Drygant	Early Devonian (middle Lochkovian to Pragian)		Ukraine	An atraktoprionid polychaete, a species of Atraktoprion.
Attenuella^[292]	Gen. et comb. nov	Valid	Malinky	Cambrian (Furongian)	Mendha Formation	United States	A member of Hyolitha. The type species is "Hyolithes" attenuatus Walcott (1890).
Bicoelia corticifera^[293]	Sp. nov	Valid	Senowbari-Daryan & Link	Late Triassic (Norian)	Kasımlar Formation	Turkey	A demosponge belonging to the order Agelasida and the family Preperonidellidae.
Brevaspidella^[294]	Gen. et sp. nov	Valid	Rhebergen	Late Ordovician		Germany Netherlands Sweden	A demosponge belonging to the family Anthaspidellidae. The type species is B. dispersa.
Bubiites^[295]	Gen. et sp. nov	Valid	Yang et al.	Cambrian (Terreneuvian)	Zhujiaqing Formation	China	A sclerite of an animal of uncertain phylogenetic placement. The type species is B. simplex.
Cambroskiadeion^[296]	Gen. et sp. nov	Valid	Moore, Porter & Li	Early Cambrian	Dengying Formation	China	An animal of uncertain phylogenetic placement with a cap-shaped shell. The type species is Cambroskiadeion xiaowanense.
Claviconchella^[295]	Gen. et sp. nov	Valid	Yang et al.	Cambrian (Terreneuvian)	Zhujiaqing Formation	China	A sclerite of an animal of uncertain phylogenetic placement. The type species is C. qianyii.
Conchicolites crispisulcans^[297]	Sp. nov	Valid	Vinn, Jarochowska & Munnecke	Silurian (Wenlock)	Halla Formation	Sweden	A member of Cornulitida (a group of animals of uncertain phylogenetic placement, possibly molluscs), a species of Conchicolites.
Eklexibella^[298]	Gen. et 2 sp. nov	Valid	Keupp, Gründel & Wiese	Early Jurassic (late Pliensbachian)		Germany	A terebellid polychaete. Genus contains two species: Eklexibella buttenheimensis and Eklexibella johanni.
Enalikter^[299]	Gen. et sp. nov	Valid	Siveter et al.	Silurian	Herefordshire Lagerstätte	United Kingdom	An animal of uncertain phylogenetic placement; it might be a megacheiran arthropod^[299]^[300] or an annelid.^[301] The type species is Enalikter aphson.
Eopriapulites^[302]	Gen. et sp. nov	Valid	Liu & Xiao in Liu et al.	Cambrian (Fortunian)	Kuanchuanpu Formation	China	A priapulid-like scalidophoran. The type species is Eopriapulites sphinx.
Eximipriapulus^[303]	Gen. et sp. nov	Valid	Ma et al.	Cambrian	Chengjiang Lagerstätte	China	A member of Priapulida. The type species is Eximipriapulus globocaudatus.
Filihernodia^[304]	Gen. et sp. nov	Valid	Taylor & Wilson in Frey et al.	Early Devonian (Pragian)		Morocco	A reptariid hederellid. The type species is Filihernodia buccina.
Haplistion toftanum^[305]	Sp. nov	Valid	Rhebergen & Botting	Silurian (Telychian)		Sweden	A haplistiid spirosclerophorid demosponge, a species of Haplistion.
Haydenoconus^[292]	Gen. et comb. nov	Valid	Malinky	Cambrian (Miaolingian and Furongian)		United States	A member of Hyolitha belonging to the family Angusticornidae. The type species is "Hyolithes" gallatinensis Resser (1938); genus also includes "Hyolithes" prolixus Resser (1939).
Hyalonema vetteri^[306]	Sp. nov	Valid	Janussen	Late Cretaceous (Coniacian)	Arnager Formation	Denmark	A hexactinellid sponge, a species of Hyalonema.
Lindstroemispongia^[305]	Gen. et sp. nov	Valid	Rhebergen & Botting	Silurian (Telychian)		Sweden	An astylospongiid streptosclerophorid demosponge. The type species is Lindstroemispongia cylindrata.
Lyrarapax^[307]	Gen. et sp. nov	Valid	Cong et al.	Early Cambrian		China	A member of Anomalocarididae (a group of animals with uncertain phylogenetic placement, possibly stem-arthropods). The type species is Lyrarapax unguispinus.
Multistella leipnitzae^[305]	Sp. nov	Valid	Rhebergen & Botting	Silurian (Telychian)		Sweden	An anthaspidellid orchocladine demosponge, a species of Multistella.
Nesonektris^[308]	Gen. et sp. nov	Valid	García-Bellido et al.	Cambrian	Emu Bay Shale	Australia	A member of Vetulicolida. The type species is Nesonektris aldridgei.
Nidelric^[309]	Gen. et sp. nov	Valid	Hou et al.	Early Cambrian	Heilinpu Formation	China	An animal of uncertain phylogenetic placement; a member of Chancelloriida or a chancelloriid-like animal. The type species is Nidelric pugio.
Norvegiograptus^[310]	Gen. et comb. nov	Valid	Li et al.	Early Ordovician		China Norway	A graptolite belonging to the family Dichograptidae. A new genus for "Didymograptus" liber Monsen (1937); genus also includes "Didymograptus" enshiensis Ni in Mu et al. (1979).
Oikozetetes mounti^[311]	Sp. nov	Valid	Jacquet, Brock & Paterson	Early Cambrian	Mernmerna Formation	Australia	A member of Halkieriidae (a group of animals of uncertain phylogenetic placement, possibly molluscs), a species of Oikozetetes.
Opetionella incompta^[305]	Sp. nov	Valid	Rhebergen & Botting	Silurian (Telychian)		Sweden	A demosponge, possibly a member of the group Hadromerida; a species of Opetionella.
Paleoxyuris^[312]	Gen. et sp. nov	Valid	Hugot et al.	Triassic	Sítio Cortado site	Brazil	A heteroxynematid oxyurid nematode known from an egg found in a cynodont coprolite. The type species is Paleoxyuris cockburni.
Phragmodictya jinshaensis^[313]	Sp. nov	Valid	Xinglian et al.	Cambrian		China	A hexactinellid sponge, a species of Phragmodictya.
Polychaetaspis kozlowskii^[291]	Sp. nov	Valid	Szaniawski & Drygant	Early Devonian (early Lochkovian)		Ukraine	A polychaetaspid polychaete, a species of Polychaetaspis.
Postperissocoelia^[305]	Gen. et comb. et sp. nov	Valid	Rhebergen & Botting	Silurian		Canada Sweden	A streptosolenid orchocladine demosponge. A new genus for "Perissocoelia" spinosa Rigby & Chatterton (1989); genus also contains new species Postperissocoelia gnisvardensis.
Pseudoperipatus^[314]	Gen. et sp. nov	Valid	Haug & Haug	Cambrian	Burgess Shale	Canada	A cycloneuralian worm. The type species is Pseudoperipatus hintelmannae.
Sanduscolex^[290]	Gen. et sp. nov	Valid	Muir et al.	Ordovician (earliest Floian)	Tonggao Formation	China	A palaeoscolecid worm. The type species is Sanduscolex regularis.
Urphaenomenospongia^[305]	Gen. et sp. nov	Valid	Rhebergen & Botting	Silurian (Telychian)		Sweden	A glass sponge, possibly a member of Lyssacinosida. The type species is Urphaenomenospongia euplectelloides.
Waflascolex^[315]	Gen. et sp. nov	Valid	Wang et al.	Ordovician (Tremadocian)		China	A palaeoscolecid worm. The type species is Waflascolex changdensis.
Wiwaxia foliosa^[316]	Sp. nov	Valid	Yang et al.	Cambrian	Hongjingshao Formation	China	An animal of uncertain phylogenetic placement, a species of Wiwaxia.
Yuganotheca^[317]	Gen. et sp. nov	Valid	Zhang, Li & Holmer in Zhang et al.	Cambrian	Heilinpu Formation	China	A member of Lophophorata of uncertain phylogenetic placement. The type species is Yuganotheca elegans.

Other organisms[edit]

Name	Novelty	Status	Authors	Age	Unit	Location	Notes
Cyathus dominicanus^[318]	Sp. nov	Valid	Poinar	Eocene or Miocene	Dominican amber	Dominican Republic	A fungus, a species of Cyathus.
Elainabella^[319]	Gen. et sp. nov	Valid	Rowland & Rodriguez	Ediacaran	Deep Spring Formation	United States	A multicellular alga of uncertain phylogenetic placement. Genus includes new species E. deepspringensis.
Eopalaeoaplysina^[320]	Gen. et sp. nov	Valid	Anderson & Beauchamp	Carboniferous (Moscovian to Kasimovian)	Belcourt Formation Ely Limestone Nansen Formation	Canada United States	A red alga, a relative of Palaeoaplysina. Genus includes new species E. daviesi.
Helmutella^[321]	Gen. et sp. nov	Valid	Krings & Taylor	Early Devonian	Rhynie chert	United Kingdom	A fungus described on the basis of a reproductive unit. Genus includes new species H. devonica.
Nidula baltica^[318]	Sp. nov	Valid	Poinar	Eocene	Baltic amber	Russia (Kaliningrad Oblast)	A fungus, a species of Nidula.
Nilpenia^[322]	Gen. et sp. nov	Valid	Droser et al.	Precambrian	Ediacara Fossil Site at Nilpena, Flinders Ranges	Australia	"An organism of unknown affinities with a growth pattern convergent on that of extant fungi, lichens and encrusting algae".^[322] The type species is Nilpenia rossi.
Palaeogaster^[323]	Gen. et sp. nov	Valid	Poinar, Alfredo & Baseia	Early Cretaceous (late Albian)		Myanmar	A fungus belonging to the group Sclerodermatineae. The type species is Palaeogaster micromorpha.
Plexus^[324]	Gen. et sp. nov	Valid	Joel, Droser & Gehling	Precambrian		Australia	A tubular, serially divided organism with a bilateral morphology of uncertain phylogenetic placement. The type species is Plexus ricei.
Wutubus^[325]	Gen. et sp. nov	Valid	Chen et al.	Precambrian	Dengying Formation	China	An annulated tubular organism of uncertain phylogenetic placement. The type species is Wutubus annularis.
Xylaria antiqua^[326]	Sp. nov	Valid	Poinar	Eocene or Miocene		Dominican Republic	A fungus belonging to the family Xylariaceae found in Dominican amber, a species of Xylaria.

References[edit]

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