Anisognathus is a genus of boldly colored tanagers found in the highland forests and woodlands of South America.
The genus Anisognathus was introduced in 1850 by the German naturalist Ludwig Reichenbach.[1] The type species was subsequently designated as the scarlet-bellied mountain tanager by the French naturalist Charles Lucien Bonaparte.[2][3] The genus name combines the Ancient Greek anisos meaning "unequal" and gnathos meaning "lower jaw".[4] Five species are placed in this genus.[5]