Eresus, also called ladybird spiders,[2] is a genus of velvet spiders that was first described by Charles Athanase Walckenaer in 1805.[3] Members of the genus formerly called Eresus cinnaberinus or Eresus niger are now placed in one of three species: Eresus kollari, Eresus sandaliatus and Eresus moravicus.[2]
They resemble both jumping spiders and the spiders in the Palpimanidae, as their bodies look similar, and are as well rather velvety. Males of this genus have a red abdomen, with black spotting, usually taking the form of 4 black spots. While the rest of the body is usually black, with some reddish areas or white areas. Females of this genus are duly colored usually being a grey, brown or black color. Some species having some yellow coloration, thought they are still significantly duller then the males.[4]
Males of this genus can usually be distinguished by their unique abdominal pattern. Which in the lateral areas has two pairs of black patches which is surrounded by some reddish coloration. Sometimes they also have an extra pair. Females are harder to distinguish, with a species specific dedicated identification section being needed.[4]
They are found in Europe, Asia and Africa, usually in non-forested warm and dry habitats. Some species build a vertical burrow which is lined with silk, the opening being camouflaged with a silken sheet of debris. While some species don't build a burrow and just make their tubes under stones. [4]