2018 Чемпионат мира по футболу был международный футбольный турнир оспорено национальных мужских команд и проходила в период с 14 июня по 15 июля 2018 в России. Это был 21-й чемпионат мира по футболу , всемирный футбольный турнир, который проводится раз в четыре года. Это был одиннадцатый раз, когда чемпионат проводился в Европе, и впервые он проводился в Восточной Европе. При оценке стоимости более 14,2 миллиарда долларов это был самый дорогой чемпионат мира на сегодняшний день.
Чемпионат мира по футболу FIFA 2018 Чемпионат мира по футболу FIFA 2018 | |
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Детали турнира | |
Принимающая страна | Россия |
Даты | 14 июня - 15 июля |
Команды | 32 (от 5 конфедераций) |
Место (а) | 12 (в 11 городах-организаторах) |
Конечные позиции | |
Чемпионы | Франция (2-е название) |
Второе место | Хорватия |
Третье место | Бельгия |
Четвертое место | Англия |
Статистика турниров | |
Сыгранные матчи | 64 |
Забитые голы | 169 (2,64 за матч) |
Посещаемость | 3 031 768 (47 371 за матч) |
Лучший бомбардир (ы) | Гарри Кейн (6 голов) |
Лучший игрок (и) | Лука Модрич |
Лучший молодой игрок | Килиан Мбаппе |
Лучший вратарь | Тибо Куртуа |
Награда за честную игру | Испания |
Фазу турнире принимают участие 32 команд, из которых 31 приехали через квалификационные соревнования , в то время как принимающая страна Россия автоматически квалифицируется. Из 32 игроков 20 также участвовали в турнире 2014 года , в то время как Исландия и Панама впервые выступили на чемпионате мира. Было сыграно 64 матча на 12 площадках в 11 городах. Действующий чемпион Германии выбыл из группового этапа. Принимающая страна Россия выбыла из четвертьфинала. В финале , Франция играла Хорватию на 15 июля на стадионе Лужники в Москве . Франция выиграла матч со счетом 4–2 и претендовала на второй чемпионат мира.
Мероприятие было отмечено рядом наград. Хорватский игрок Лука Модрич был признан лучшим игроком турнира, выигравшим «Золотой мяч». Гарри Кейн из Англии забил больше всего голов в турнире с шестью голами. Тибо Куртуа выиграл «Золотую перчатку», присужденную вратарю с наибольшим количеством чистых мячей . Было подсчитано, что более трех миллионов человек посетили игры во время турнира.
Выбор хоста
Процедура торгов на проведение турниров Чемпионата мира по футболу FIFA 2018 и 2022 годов началась в январе 2009 года, и национальные ассоциации должны были до 2 февраля 2009 года зарегистрировать свою заинтересованность. [1] Первоначально заявки на участие в чемпионате мира по футболу FIFA 2018 подали девять стран, но позже Мексика отказалась от участия [2], а заявка Индонезии была отклонена ФИФА в феврале 2010 года после того, как правительство Индонезии не представило письмо в поддержку заявки. . [3] В процессе торгов три оставшиеся страны, не входящие в УЕФА (Австралия, Япония и США), постепенно отказались от участия в торгах 2018 года и, таким образом, были исключены из заявки 2022 года. Таким образом, в итоге было подано четыре заявки на чемпионат мира по футболу FIFA 2018, две из которых были совместными: Англия, Россия, Нидерланды / Бельгия и Португалия / Испания. [4]
Исполнительный комитет ФИФА, состоящий из 22 членов, собрался 2 декабря 2010 года в Цюрихе для голосования по выбору хозяев обоих турниров. [5] Россия выиграла право быть принимающей стороной во втором туре голосования в 2018 году. На втором месте - Португалия / Испания, на третьем - Бельгия / Нидерланды. Англия, претендовавшая на проведение второго турнира, выбыла в первом раунде. [6]
Итоги голосования: [4]
Участники торгов | Голоса | |
---|---|---|
1 тур | Раунд 2 | |
Россия | 9 | 13 |
Португалия / Испания | 7 | 7 |
Бельгия / Нидерланды | 4 | 2 |
Англия | 2 | Устранено |
Критика выбора хоста
Выбор России в качестве принимающей стороны был неоднозначным. Вопросы , включенные уровень расизма в российском футболе, [7] [8] [9] нарушений прав человека со стороны российского правительства, [10] и дискриминация в отношении ЛГБТ - людей в более широком российском обществе. [11] [12] Участие России в продолжающемся конфликте на Украине также вызвало призывы перенести турнир, особенно после аннексии Крыма . [13] [14] В 2014 году президент ФИФА Зепп Блаттер заявил, что «чемпионат мира был отдан и проголосован за Россию, и мы продолжаем нашу работу». [15]
Обвинения в коррупции в процессе торгов и опасения по поводу взяточничества со стороны российской команды и коррупции со стороны членов ФИФА на чемпионатах мира 2018 и 2022 годов привели к угрозам со стороны Англии бойкотировать турнир. [16] Они утверждали, что четыре члена исполнительного комитета потребовали взятки, чтобы проголосовать за Англию, а Зепп Блаттер сказал, что Россия победит еще до голосования. [17] ФИФА назначила американского поверенного Майкла Дж. Гарсиа для расследования и подготовки отчета по обвинениям в коррупции. Хотя отчет так и не был опубликован, ФИФА опубликовала 42-страничное резюме своих выводов, как определил немецкий судья Ханс-Йоахим Эккерт . Резюме Эккерта очистило Россию и Катар от любых правонарушений, но было осуждено критиками как оправдание. [18] Из-за разногласий FA отказалась признать освобождение России от вины Эккерта. Грег Дайк призвал к пересмотру дела, а Дэвид Бернштейн призвал к бойкоту чемпионата мира по футболу. [19] [20] Гарсия раскритиковал резюме как «материально неполное» с «ошибочными представлениями фактов и выводов» и обратился в Апелляционный комитет ФИФА. [21] [22] Комитет отклонил его апелляцию, поэтому Гарсия подал в отставку в знак протеста против поведения ФИФА, сославшись на «отсутствие руководства» и недоверие к независимости Эккерта от Эккерта. [23]
3 июня 2015 года ФБР подтвердило, что федеральные власти расследуют процессы подачи заявок и награждения на чемпионаты мира по футболу 2018 и 2022 годов . [24] [25] В интервью, опубликованном 7 июня 2015 года, Доменико Скала , глава Комитета ФИФА по аудиту и соответствию, заявил, что «если появятся доказательства того, что награды Катару и России были вручены только благодаря купленным голосам, то награды могли быть отменены ». [26] [27] Принц Уильям, герцог Кембриджский и бывший премьер - министр Великобритании Дэвид Кэмерон принял участие во встрече с ФИФА вице-президент Чунг Монг-Joon , в котором голос-торговая сделка за право на проведение чемпионата мира 2018 года в Англии был обсуждали. [28] [29]
Команды
Квалификация
Впервые в истории чемпионата мира по футболу все соответствующие страны - 209 ассоциаций-членов ФИФА, за исключением России, принимающей автоматически прошедшую квалификацию, - подали заявки на участие в квалификационном процессе. [30] Зимбабве и Индонезия были позже дисквалифицированы до того, как сыграли свои первые матчи, [31] [32] в то время как Гибралтар и Косово , которые присоединились к ФИФА 13 мая 2016 года после жеребьевки квалификации, но до того, как началась европейская квалификация, также приняли участие в соревновании. [ необходима цитата ] Места в турнире были распределены между континентальными конфедерациями, причем распределение не изменилось по сравнению с чемпионатом мира 2014 года. [33] [34] Первая квалификационная игра между Тимором-Лешти и Монголией началась в Дили 12 марта 2015 года в рамках квалификации AFC , [35] [36] [37], а основная жеребьевка квалификации состоялась на турнире. Константиновский дворец в Стрельне , Санкт-Петербург , 25 июля 2015 г. [38] [39]
Из 32 стран, прошедших квалификацию для участия в чемпионате мира по футболу FIFA 2018, 20 стран приняли участие в предыдущем турнире в 2014 году . И Исландия, и Панама прошли квалификацию впервые, причем первая из них стала самой маленькой по численности населения страной, достигшей чемпионата мира. [40] Другие команды, вернувшиеся после отсутствия как минимум трех турниров, включали: Египет, вернувшийся в финал после своего последнего выступления в 1990 году; Марокко, последний раз выступавший в 1998 году; Перу, последний раз появлявшийся в 1982 году; и Сенегал, которые соревнуются во второй раз после выхода в четвертьфинал в 2002 году. Это был первый раз, когда три скандинавские страны (Дания, Исландия и Швеция) и четыре арабских страны (Египет, Марокко, Саудовская Аравия и Тунис) получили право на участие в чемпионате мира. Чашка. [41]
Известные команды, которые не прошли квалификацию, включали: четырехкратные чемпионы Италии (впервые с 1958 года), которые были выбиты в плей-офф квалификации четвертьфиналистами Швеции; и Нидерланды , которые трижды заняли второе место, заняли третье место в 2014 году и прошли квалификацию на три последних чемпионата мира. Четыре действующих континентальных чемпиона: победитель Кубка африканских наций 2017 года Камерун ; двукратные чемпионы Кубка Америки и Чили, занявшие второе место в Кубке конфедераций 2017 года ; Победители Кубка Наций 2016 года Новая Зеландия ; и чемпионы США по Золотому кубку КОНКАКАФ 2017 года (впервые с 1986 года) также не прошли квалификацию. Другие заметные прерванные квалификационные серии были для Ганы и Кот-д'Ивуара , которые прошли квалификацию на три предыдущих турнира. [42]
Примечание. Цифры в скобках указывают позиции в мировом рейтинге FIFA на момент проведения турнира. [43]
AFC (5)
CAF (5)
| КОНКАКАФ (3)
КОНМЕБОЛ (5)
| УЕФА (14)
|
|
Рисовать
Розыгрыш прошел 1 декабря 2017 года в 18:00 мск в Государственном Кремлевском дворце в Москве . [44] [45] 32 команды были разделены на восемь групп по четыре человека путем выбора по одной команде из каждой из четырех ранжированных корзин.
В рамках жеребьевки команды были распределены по четырем корзинам на основе мирового рейтинга ФИФА за октябрь 2017 года. В первую корзину вошли хозяева, Россия (которым автоматически была присвоена позиция A1) и семь лучших команд. Вторая корзина содержит следующие восемь лучших команд, и так далее для третьей и четвертой корзин. [46] Это отличалось от предыдущих розыгрышей, когда только первая корзина была основана на рейтинге ФИФА, а остальные банки основывались на географических соображениях. Однако команды из одной конфедерации по-прежнему не играли вничью на групповом этапе, за исключением того, что в каждой группе могло быть по две команды УЕФА. Горшки для розыгрыша показаны ниже. [47]
Корзина 1 | Корзина 2 | Корзина 3 | Корзина 4 |
---|---|---|---|
Россия (65) (хозяева) | Испания (8) | Дания (19) | Сербия (38) |
Отряды
Первоначально каждая команда должна была назвать предварительный состав из 30 игроков, но в феврале 2018 года его увеличили до 35. [48] Из предварительного состава команда должна была назвать окончательный состав из 23 игроков (трое из которых должны были быть вратарей) до 4 июня. Игроки в финальном составе могут быть заменены из-за серьезной травмы не позднее, чем за 24 часа до начала первого матча команды. Эти замены не нужно было указывать в предварительном составе. [49]
Для игроков, указанных в предварительном составе из 35 игроков, был обязательный период отдыха с 21 по 27 мая 2018 года, за исключением тех, кто участвовал в финале Лиги чемпионов УЕФА 2018 года, сыгранном 26 мая. [50]
Судейство
29 марта 2018 года ФИФА опубликовала список из 36 судей и 63 помощников судьи, отобранных для наблюдения за матчами. [51] 30 апреля 2018 года ФИФА опубликовала список из 13 видеопомощников, которые действовали на турнире исключительно в этом качестве. [52]
Рефери из Саудовской Аравии Фахад Аль-Мирдаси был удален 30 мая 2018 года из-за попытки договорного матча [53] вместе с двумя его помощниками, соотечественниками Мохаммедом Аль-Абакри и Абдулой Аль-Шалваи. Новый судья не был назначен, но в список были добавлены два помощника судьи, Хасан Аль Махри из Объединенных Арабских Эмиратов и Хироши Ямаути из Японии. [54] [55] Помощник судьи Марва Рэндж из Кении также отказался от участия после того, как BBC опубликовала результаты расследования, проведенного ганским журналистом, в котором он участвовал в скандале со взяточничеством. [56]
Список официальных лиц | |||
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Конфедерация | Рефери | Помощники судьи | Видео-помощник судьи |
AFC | Алиреза Фагани ( Иран ) | Реза Сохандан ( Иран ) Мохаммадреза Мансури ( Иран ) | Абдулрахман Аль-Джассим ( Катар ) |
Равшан Ирматов ( Узбекистан ) | Абдухамидулло Расулов ( Узбекистан ) Джахонгир Саидов ( Узбекистан ) | ||
Мохаммед Абдулла Хасан Мохамед ( Объединенные Арабские Эмираты ) | Мохамед аль-Хаммади ( Объединенные Арабские Эмираты ) Хасан Аль-Мари ( Объединенные Арабские Эмираты ) | ||
Рюдзи Сато ( Япония ) | Тору Сагара ( Япония ) Хироши Ямаути ( Япония ) | ||
Наваф Шукралла ( Бахрейн ) | Ясер Тулефат ( Бахрейн ) Талеб аль-Маари ( Катар ) | ||
CAF | Мехди Абид Шареф ( Алжир ) | Ануар Хмила ( Тунис ) | |
Маланг Дьедхиу ( Сенегал ) | Джибриль Камара ( Сенегал ) Эль-Хаджи Самба ( Сенегал ) | ||
Бакари Гассама ( Гамбия ) | Жан Клод Бирумушаху ( Бурунди ) Абдельхак Эчиали ( Алжир ) | ||
Гехад Гриша ( Египет ) | Редуан Ачик ( Марокко ) Валид Ахмед ( Судан ) | ||
Джанни Сиказве ( Замбия ) | Джерсон душ Сантуш ( Ангола ) Захеле Сивела ( Южная Африка ) | ||
Бамлак Тессема Вейеса ( Эфиопия ) | |||
КОНКАКАФ | Хоэль Агилар ( Сальвадор ) | Хуан Зумба ( Сальвадор ) Хуан Карлос Мора ( Коста-Рика ) | |
Марк Гейгер ( США ) | Фрэнк Андерсон ( США ) Джо Флетчер ( Канада ) | ||
Джаир Марруфо ( США ) | Кори Роквелл ( США ) | ||
Рикардо Монтеро ( Коста-Рика ) | |||
Джон Питти ( Панама ) | Габриэль Виктория ( Панама ) | ||
Сезар Артуро Рамос ( Мексика ) | Марвин Торрентера ( Мексика ) Мигель Эрнандес ( Мексика ) | ||
КОНМЕБОЛ | Хулио Баскунян ( Чили ) | Карлос Астроза ( Чили ), Кристиан Шиманн ( Чили ) | Уилтон Сампайо ( Бразилия ) Гери Варгас ( Боливия ) Мауро Вильяно ( Аргентина ) |
Энрике Касерес ( Парагвай ) | Эдуардо Кардозо ( Парагвай ) Хуан Соррилья ( Парагвай ) | ||
Андрес Кунья ( Уругвай ) | Николас Таран ( Уругвай ) Маурисио Эспиноса ( Уругвай ) | ||
Нестор Питана ( Аргентина ) | Эрнан Майдана ( Аргентина ) Хуан Пабло Белатти ( Аргентина ) | ||
Сандро Риччи ( Бразилия ) | Эмерсон де Карвалью ( Бразилия ) Марсело Ван Гассе ( Бразилия ) | ||
Вильмар Рольдан ( Колумбия ) | Александр Гусман ( Колумбия ) Кристиан де ла Крус ( Колумбия ) | ||
OFC | Мэтью Конгер ( Новая Зеландия ) | Саймон Лаунт ( Новая Зеландия ) Тевита Макасини ( Тонга ) | |
Норберт Хауата ( Таити ) | Бертран Бриаль ( Новая Каледония ) | ||
УЕФА | Феликс Брых ( Германия ) | Марк Борщ ( Германия ) Стефан Лупп ( Германия ) | Бастиан Данкерт ( Германия ) Артур Соареш Диас ( Португалия ) Павел Гил ( Польша ) Массимилиано Иррати ( Италия ) Тьягу Мартинс ( Португалия ) Данни Маккели ( Нидерланды ) Даниэле Орсато ( Италия ) Паоло Валери ( Италия ) Феликс Звайер ( Германия ) |
Джунейт Чакыр ( Турция ) | Бахаттин Дуран ( Турция ) Тарик Онгун ( Турция ) | ||
Сергей Карасев ( Россия ) | Антон Аверьянов ( Россия ) Тихон Калугин ( Россия ) | ||
Бьорн Кейперс ( Нидерланды ) | Сандер ван Рёкель ( Нидерланды ) Эрвин Зейнстра ( Нидерланды ) | ||
Шимон Марчиняк ( Польша ) | Павел Сокольницкий ( Польша ) Томаш Листкевич ( Польша ) | ||
Антонио Матеу Лахос ( Испания ) | Пау Себриан Девис ( Испания ) Роберто Диас Перес ( Испания ) | ||
Милорад Мажич ( Сербия ) | Милован Ристич ( Сербия ) Далибор Дурдевич ( Сербия ) | ||
Джанлука Рокки ( Италия ) | Эленито Ди Либераторе ( Италия ) Мауро Тонолини ( Италия ) | ||
Дамир Скомина ( Словения ) | Юре Прапротник ( Словения ) Роберт Вукан ( Словения ) | ||
Клеман Турпен ( Франция ) | Сирил Грингор ( Франция ) Николя Данос ( Франция ) |
Видео-помощник судьи
Вскоре после решения Правления Международной футбольной ассоциации включить видеопомощников рефери (VAR) в Правила игры (LOTG) 16 марта 2018 года Совет ФИФА предпринял долгожданный шаг, одобрив использование VAR для первого время на турнире чемпионата мира по футболу. [57] [58]
Операции VAR для всех игр осуществлялись из единой штаб-квартиры в Москве, которая получала живое видео игр и поддерживала радиосвязь с судьями на поле. [59] Существовали системы для передачи информации, относящейся к VAR, вещателям, а для присутствующих фанатов использовались изображения на больших экранах стадионов. [59]
VAR оказал значительное влияние на несколько игр. [60] 15 июня 2018 года, первый гол Диего Косты в ворота Португалии стал первым голом на чемпионате мира, основанным на решении VAR; [61] Первый пенальти в результате решения VAR был назначен Франции в их матче против Австралии 16 июня и привел к голу Антуана Гризманна . [62] На турнире было назначено рекордное количество пенальти, явление, частично приписываемое VAR. [63] В целом, новая технология получила высокую оценку и критику со стороны комментаторов. [64] ФИФА объявила об успешном внедрении VAR после первой недели соревнований. [65]
Места проведения
Россия предложила следующие города-организаторы: Калининград , Казань , Краснодар , Москва , Нижний Новгород , Ростов-на-Дону , Санкт-Петербург , Самара , Саранск , Сочи , Волгоград , Ярославль и Екатеринбург . [66] Каждый город был расположен в европейской части России , за исключением Екатеринбурга , [67] который расположен очень близко к границе Европы и Азии, чтобы сократить время в пути команд в огромной стране. В отчете об оценке заявки говорилось: «Российская заявка предлагает 13 городов-организаторов и 16 стадионов, что превышает минимальные требования ФИФА. Три из 16 стадионов будут отремонтированы, а 13 будут построены заново». [68]
В октябре 2011 года Россия сократила количество стадионов с 16 до 14. Строительство предлагаемого стадиона в Подольске в Московской области было отменено правительством региона. Также в столице « Открытие Арена» конкурировала со стадионом «Динамо», над которым построят в первую очередь. [69] [ мертвая ссылка ]
Окончательный выбор городов-организаторов был объявлен 29 сентября 2012 года. Количество городов было сокращено до 11, а количество стадионов до 12, поскольку Краснодар и Ярославль были исключены из окончательного списка. Из 12 стадионов, использованных для проведения турнира, три (Лужники, Екатеринбург и Сочи) были капитально отремонтированы, а остальные девять были совершенно новыми; На проведение турнира было потрачено 11,8 миллиарда долларов. [70]
Зепп Блаттер сказал в июле 2014 года, что, учитывая опасения по поводу завершения строительства объектов в России, количество мест для проведения турнира может быть сокращено с 12 до 10. [71] Он также сказал: «Мы не собираемся участвовать в нем. такая ситуация, как в случае с одним, двумя или даже тремя стадионами в Южной Африке , где возникает проблема того, что вы делаете с этими стадионами ". [72]
В октябре 2014 года во время своего первого официального визита в Россию инспекционный комитет ФИФА и его глава Крис Унгер посетили Санкт-Петербург, Сочи, Казань и оба объекта в Москве. Они остались довольны прогрессом. [73] 8 октября 2015 года ФИФА и местный оргкомитет согласовали официальные названия стадионов, которые будут использоваться во время турнира. [74] Из двенадцати стадионов наиболее часто использовались стадион «Лужники» в Москве и стадион в Санкт-Петербурге - два крупнейших стадиона в России; оба провели по семь матчей. В Сочи, Казани, Нижнем Новгороде и Самаре по шесть матчей, в том числе по одному четвертьфинальному матчу, а на стадионе «Спартак» в Москве и Ростове-на-Дону было проведено пять матчей, в том числе по одному матчу 1/8 финала. Волгоград, Калининград, Екатеринбург и Саранск принимали по четыре матча, но не принимали игр плей-офф.
Стадионы
Двенадцать стадионов в одиннадцати городах России были построены или отремонтированы к чемпионату мира по футболу. В период с 2010 г. (когда Россия была объявлена хозяином турнира) по 2018 г. были построены девять из 12 стадионов (некоторые на месте старых устаревших объектов), а три других были отремонтированы к турниру. [75]
- Калининград: Стадион Калининград (новый). Первые сваи были вбиты в землю в сентябре 2015 года. 11 апреля 2018 года состоялся его первый матч.
- Казань: Казань Арена (новинка). Стадион построен к Универсиаде 2013 года . С тех пор он принимал чемпионат мира по водным видам спорта 2015 года и Кубок конфедераций FIFA 2017 года . Он служит домашней ареной казанского футбольного клуба «Рубин» .
- Москва: Стадион "Лужники" (после капитального ремонта). Самый большой стадион страны, он был закрыт на реконструкцию в 2013 году. Введен в эксплуатацию в ноябре 2017 года.
- Москва: Стадион "Спартак" (новый). Этот стадион является домашней ареной одноименного футбольного клуба «Спартак» (Москва) . В соответствии с требованиями ФИФА во время ЧМ-2018 он назывался «Стадион Спартак» вместо привычного названия «Арена Открытие». Он провел свой первый матч 5 сентября 2014 года.
- Нижний Новгород: Стадион Нижний Новгород (новый). Строительство этого стадиона началось в 2015 году и было завершено в декабре 2017 года. [76]
- Rostov-on-Don: Rostov Arena (new). The stadium is located on the left bank of the Don. Construction was completed on 22 December 2017.
- Saint Petersburg: Saint Petersburg Stadium (new). Construction commenced in 2007 after the site, formerly occupied by Kirov Stadium, was cleared. The project was officially completed on 29 December 2016.[77] It has hosted 2017 FIFA Confederations Cup games and will serve as a venue for UEFA Euro 2020.
- Samara: Samara Arena (new). Construction officially started on 21 July 2014 and was completed on 21 April 2018.
- Saransk: Mordovia Arena (new). The stadium in Saransk was scheduled to be commissioned in 2012 in time for the opening of the all-Russian Spartakiad, but the plan was revised. The opening was rescheduled to 2017. The arena hosted its first match on 21 April 2018.
- Sochi: Fisht Stadium (slightly renovated). This stadium hosted the opening and closing ceremonies of the 2014 Winter Olympics. Afterwards, it was renovated in preparation for the 2017 FIFA Confederations Cup and the 2018 World Cup.
- Volgograd: Volgograd Arena (new). The main Volgograd arena was built on the demolished Central Stadium site, at the foot of the Mamayev Kurgan memorial complex. It was commissioned on 3 April 2018.[78]
- Yekaterinburg: Ekaterinburg Arena (heavily renovated). The Central Stadium of Yekaterinburg had been renovated for the FIFA World Cup. Its stands have a capacity of 35,000 spectators. The renovation project was completed in December 2017.
Moscow | Saint Petersburg | Sochi | |
---|---|---|---|
Luzhniki Stadium | Otkritie Arena (Spartak Stadium) | Krestovsky Stadium (Saint Petersburg Stadium) | Fisht Olympic Stadium (Fisht Stadium) |
Capacity: 78,011[79] | Capacity: 44,190[80] | Capacity: 64,468[81] | Capacity: 44,287[82] |
Volgograd | Moscow Saint Petersburg Kaliningrad Nizhny Novgorod Kazan Samara Volgograd Saransk Sochi Rostov-on-Don Yekaterinburg | Rostov-on-Don | |
Volgograd Arena | Rostov Arena | ||
Capacity: 43,713[83] | Capacity: 43,472[84] | ||
Nizhny Novgorod | Kazan | ||
Nizhny Novgorod Stadium | Kazan Arena | ||
Capacity: 43,319[85] | Capacity: 42,873[86] | ||
Samara | Saransk | Kaliningrad | Yekaterinburg |
Samara Arena | Mordovia Arena | Kaliningrad Stadium | Central Stadium (Ekaterinburg Arena) |
Capacity: 41,970[87] | Capacity: 41,685[88] | Capacity: 33,973[89] | Capacity: 33,061[90] |
Team base camps
Base camps were used by the 32 national squads to stay and train before and during the World Cup tournament. On 9 February 2018, FIFA announced the base camps for each participating team.[91]
- Argentina: Bronnitsy, Moscow Oblast
- Australia: Kazan, Tatarstan
- Belgium: Krasnogorsky, Moscow Oblast
- Brazil: Sochi, Krasnodar Krai
- Colombia: Verkhneuslonsky, Tatarstan
- Costa Rica: Saint Petersburg
- Croatia: Roshchino, Leningrad Oblast[92]
- Denmark: Anapa, Krasnodar Krai
- Egypt: Grozny, Chechnya
- England: Repino, Saint Petersburg[93]
- France: Istra, Moscow Oblast
- Germany: Vatutinki, Moscow[94]
- Iceland: Gelendzhik, Krasnodar Krai
- Iran: Bakovka, Moscow Oblast
- Japan: Kazan, Tatarstan
- Mexico: Khimki, Moscow Oblast
- Morocco: Voronezh, Voronezh Oblast
- Nigeria: Yessentuki, Stavropol Krai
- Panama: Saransk, Mordovia
- Peru: Moscow
- Poland: Sochi, Krasnodar Krai
- Portugal: Ramenskoye, Moscow Oblast
- Russia: Khimki, Moscow Oblast
- Saudi Arabia: Saint Petersburg
- Senegal: Kaluga, Kaluga Oblast
- Serbia: Svetlogorsk, Kaliningrad Oblast
- South Korea: Saint Petersburg
- Spain: Krasnodar, Krasnodar Krai
- Sweden: Gelendzhik, Krasnodar Krai
- Switzerland: Togliatti, Samara Oblast
- Tunisia: Pervomayskoye, Moscow Oblast
- Uruguay: Bor, Nizhny Novgorod Oblast
Подготовка и стоимость
Budget
At an estimated cost of over $14.2 billion as of June 2018[update],[95] the 2018 FIFA event was the most expensive World Cup in history, surpassing the $11.6 billion cost of the 2014 FIFA World Cup in Brazil.[95][96]
The Russian government had originally earmarked a budget of around $20 billion,[97] which was later slashed to $10 billion, for World Cup preparations. Half was spent on transportation infrastructure.[98] As part of the program to prepare for the 2018 FIFA World Cup, a federal sub-program—"Construction and Renovation of Transport Infrastructure"—was implemented with a total budget of ₽352.5 billion (rubles), with ₽170.3 billion coming from the federal budget, ₽35.1 billion from regional budgets, and ₽147.1 billion from investors.[99] The biggest item of federal spending was the aviation infrastructure costing ₽117.8 billion.[100] Construction of new hotels was a crucial area of infrastructure development in World Cup host cities. Costs continued to mount as preparations were underway.[96]
Infrastructure spending
Platov International Airport in Rostov-on-Don was upgraded with automated air traffic control systems. Modern surveillance, navigation, communication, control, and meteorological support systems were also installed.[101] Koltsovo Airport in Yekaterinburg was upgraded with radio-engineering tools for flight operation and received a second runway. Saransk Airport received a new navigation system; two new hotels were constructed in the city—the Mercure Saransk Centre (Accor Hotels) and Four Points by Sheraton Saransk as well as few other smaller accommodation facilities.[102] In Samara, new tram lines were laid.[103] Khrabrovo Airport in Kaliningrad was upgraded with radio navigation and weather equipment.[104] Renovation and upgraded radio-engineering tools for flight operations was completed in the Moscow, Saint Petersburg, Volgograd, Samara, Yekaterinburg, Kazan and Sochi airports.[101] On 27 March, the Russian Ministry of Construction Industry, Housing and Utilities Sector of reported that all communications within its area of responsibility had been commissioned. The last facility commissioned was a waste treatment station in Volgograd. In Yekaterinburg, where four matches were hosted, hosting costs increased to over ₽7.4 billion, exceeding the ₽5.6 billion rubles originally allocated from the state and regional budget.[105]
Volunteers
Volunteer applications to the 2018 Russia Local Organising Committee opened on 1 June 2016. The 2018 FIFA World Cup Russia Volunteer Program received about 177,000 applications,[106] and engaged a total of 35,000 volunteers.[107] They received training at 15 Volunteer Centres of the local organising committee based in 15 universities, and in volunteer centres in the host cities. Preference, especially in key areas, was given to those with knowledge of a foreign language and volunteering experience, but not necessarily to Russian nationals.[108]
Transport
Free public transport services were offered for ticketholders during the World Cup, including additional trains linking host cities, as well as services such as bus services within them.[109][110][111]
Расписание
The full schedule was announced by FIFA on 24 July 2015 without kick-off times, which were confirmed later.[112][113] On 1 December 2017, following the final draw, FIFA adjusted six kick-off times.[114][115]
Russia was placed in position A1 in the group stage and played in the opening match at the Luzhniki Stadium in Moscow on 14 June against Saudi Arabia, the two lowest-ranked teams of the tournament at the time of the final draw.[116] The Luzhniki Stadium also hosted the second semi-final on 11 July and the final on 15 July. The Krestovsky Stadium in Saint Petersburg hosted the first semi-final on 10 July and the third place play-off on 14 July.[117][33]
Церемония открытия
The opening ceremony took place on Thursday, 14 June 2018, at the Luzhniki Stadium in Moscow, preceding the opening match of the tournament between hosts Russia and Saudi Arabia.[118][119]
At the start of the ceremony, Russian president Vladimir Putin gave a speech, welcoming the countries of the world to Russia and calling football a uniting force.[120] Brazilian World Cup-winning striker Ronaldo entered the stadium with a child in a Russia jersey.[120] Pop singer Robbie Williams then sang two of his songs solo before he and Russian soprano Aida Garifullina performed a duet.[120] Dancers dressed in the flags of the 32 competing teams appeared carrying a sign with the name of each nation.[120] At the end of the ceremony Ronaldo reappeared with the official match ball which had returned from the International Space Station in early June.[120]
Young participants of the international children's social programme Football for Friendship from 211 countries and regions took part in the opening ceremony of the FIFA World Cup at the Luzhniki stadium.[121]
Групповой этап
Competing countries were divided into eight groups of four teams (groups A to H). Teams in each group played one another in a round-robin, with the top two teams advancing to the knockout stage. Ten European teams and four South American teams progressed to the knockout stage, together with Japan and Mexico.
For the first time since 1938 Germany, the reigning champions, did not advance past the first round. No African team progressed to the second round for the first time since 1982. The fair play criteria came into use for the first time when Japan qualified over Senegal because the team had received fewer yellow cards. Only one match, France versus Denmark, was goalless. Until then there were a record 36 straight games in which at least one goal was scored.[122]
All times listed below are local time.[114]
Tiebreakers
The ranking of teams in the group stage was determined as follows:[49][123]
- Points obtained in all group matches;
- Goal difference in all group matches;
- Number of goals scored in all group matches;
- Points obtained in the matches played between the teams in question;
- Goal difference in the matches played between the teams in question;
- Number of goals scored in the matches played between the teams in question;
- Fair play points in all group matches (only one deduction could be applied to a player in a single match):
- Yellow card: –1 points;
- Indirect red card (second yellow card): –3 points;
- Direct red card: –4 points;
- Yellow card and direct red card: –5 points;
- Drawing of lots.
Group A
Pos | Team | Pld | W | D | L | GF | GA | GD | Pts | Qualification |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
1 | Uruguay | 3 | 3 | 0 | 0 | 5 | 0 | +5 | 9 | Advance to knockout stage |
2 | Russia (H) | 3 | 2 | 0 | 1 | 8 | 4 | +4 | 6 | |
3 | Saudi Arabia | 3 | 1 | 0 | 2 | 2 | 7 | −5 | 3 | |
4 | Egypt | 3 | 0 | 0 | 3 | 2 | 6 | −4 | 0 |
(H) Host
Russia | 5–0 | Saudi Arabia |
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| Report |
Egypt | 0–1 | Uruguay |
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Report |
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Russia | 3–1 | Egypt |
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| Report |
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Uruguay | 1–0 | Saudi Arabia |
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| Report |
Uruguay | 3–0 | Russia |
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| Report |
Saudi Arabia | 2–1 | Egypt |
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| Report |
|
Group B
Pos | Team | Pld | W | D | L | GF | GA | GD | Pts | Qualification |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
1 | Spain | 3 | 1 | 2 | 0 | 6 | 5 | +1 | 5 | Advance to knockout stage |
2 | Portugal | 3 | 1 | 2 | 0 | 5 | 4 | +1 | 5 | |
3 | Iran | 3 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 2 | 2 | 0 | 4 | |
4 | Morocco | 3 | 0 | 1 | 2 | 2 | 4 | −2 | 1 |
Morocco | 0–1 | Iran |
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Report |
|
Portugal | 3–3 | Spain |
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| Report |
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Portugal | 1–0 | Morocco |
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| Report |
Iran | 0–1 | Spain |
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Report |
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Iran | 1–1 | Portugal |
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| Report |
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Spain | 2–2 | Morocco |
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| Report |
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Group C
Pos | Team | Pld | W | D | L | GF | GA | GD | Pts | Qualification |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
1 | France | 3 | 2 | 1 | 0 | 3 | 1 | +2 | 7 | Advance to knockout stage |
2 | Denmark | 3 | 1 | 2 | 0 | 2 | 1 | +1 | 5 | |
3 | Peru | 3 | 1 | 0 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 0 | 3 | |
4 | Australia | 3 | 0 | 1 | 2 | 2 | 5 | −3 | 1 |
France | 2–1 | Australia |
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| Report |
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Peru | 0–1 | Denmark |
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Report |
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Denmark | 1–1 | Australia |
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| Report |
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France | 1–0 | Peru |
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| Report |
Denmark | 0–0 | France |
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Report |
Australia | 0–2 | Peru |
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Report |
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Group D
Pos | Team | Pld | W | D | L | GF | GA | GD | Pts | Qualification |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
1 | Croatia | 3 | 3 | 0 | 0 | 7 | 1 | +6 | 9 | Advance to knockout stage |
2 | Argentina | 3 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 3 | 5 | −2 | 4 | |
3 | Nigeria | 3 | 1 | 0 | 2 | 3 | 4 | −1 | 3 | |
4 | Iceland | 3 | 0 | 1 | 2 | 2 | 5 | −3 | 1 |
Argentina | 1–1 | Iceland |
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| Report |
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Croatia | 2–0 | Nigeria |
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| Report |
Argentina | 0–3 | Croatia |
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Report |
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Nigeria | 2–0 | Iceland |
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| Report |
Nigeria | 1–2 | Argentina |
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| Report |
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Iceland | 1–2 | Croatia |
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| Report |
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Group E
Pos | Team | Pld | W | D | L | GF | GA | GD | Pts | Qualification |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
1 | Brazil | 3 | 2 | 1 | 0 | 5 | 1 | +4 | 7 | Advance to knockout stage |
2 | Switzerland | 3 | 1 | 2 | 0 | 5 | 4 | +1 | 5 | |
3 | Serbia | 3 | 1 | 0 | 2 | 2 | 4 | −2 | 3 | |
4 | Costa Rica | 3 | 0 | 1 | 2 | 2 | 5 | −3 | 1 |
Costa Rica | 0–1 | Serbia |
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Report |
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Brazil | 1–1 | Switzerland |
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| Report |
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Brazil | 2–0 | Costa Rica |
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| Report |
Serbia | 1–2 | Switzerland |
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| Report |
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Serbia | 0–2 | Brazil |
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Report |
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Switzerland | 2–2 | Costa Rica |
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| Report |
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Group F
Pos | Team | Pld | W | D | L | GF | GA | GD | Pts | Qualification |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
1 | Sweden | 3 | 2 | 0 | 1 | 5 | 2 | +3 | 6 | Advance to knockout stage |
2 | Mexico | 3 | 2 | 0 | 1 | 3 | 4 | −1 | 6 | |
3 | South Korea | 3 | 1 | 0 | 2 | 3 | 3 | 0 | 3 | |
4 | Germany | 3 | 1 | 0 | 2 | 2 | 4 | −2 | 3 |
Germany | 0–1 | Mexico |
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Report |
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Sweden | 1–0 | South Korea |
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| Report |
South Korea | 1–2 | Mexico |
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| Report |
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Germany | 2–1 | Sweden |
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| Report |
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South Korea | 2–0 | Germany |
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| Report |
Mexico | 0–3 | Sweden |
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Report |
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Group G
Pos | Team | Pld | W | D | L | GF | GA | GD | Pts | Qualification |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
1 | Belgium | 3 | 3 | 0 | 0 | 9 | 2 | +7 | 9 | Advance to knockout stage |
2 | England | 3 | 2 | 0 | 1 | 8 | 3 | +5 | 6 | |
3 | Tunisia | 3 | 1 | 0 | 2 | 5 | 8 | −3 | 3 | |
4 | Panama | 3 | 0 | 0 | 3 | 2 | 11 | −9 | 0 |
Belgium | 3–0 | Panama |
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| Report |
Tunisia | 1–2 | England |
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| Report |
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Belgium | 5–2 | Tunisia |
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| Report |
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England | 6–1 | Panama |
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| Report |
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England | 0–1 | Belgium |
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Report |
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Panama | 1–2 | Tunisia |
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| Report |
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Group H
Pos | Team | Pld | W | D | L | GF | GA | GD | Pts | Qualification |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
1 | Colombia | 3 | 2 | 0 | 1 | 5 | 2 | +3 | 6 | Advance to knockout stage |
2 | Japan | 3 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 4 | 4 | 0 | 4[a] | |
3 | Senegal | 3 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 4 | 4 | 0 | 4[a] | |
4 | Poland | 3 | 1 | 0 | 2 | 2 | 5 | −3 | 3 |
Notes:
- ^ a b Fair play points: Japan −4, Senegal −6.
Colombia | 1–2 | Japan |
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| Report |
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Poland | 1–2 | Senegal |
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| Report |
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Japan | 2–2 | Senegal |
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| Report |
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Poland | 0–3 | Colombia |
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Report |
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Japan | 0–1 | Poland |
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Report |
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Senegal | 0–1 | Colombia |
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Report |
|
Нокаут-этап
In the knockout stages, if a match was level at the end of normal playing time, extra time was played (two periods of 15 minutes each) and followed, if necessary, by a penalty shoot-out to determine the winners.[49] If a match went into extra time, each team was allowed to make a fourth substitution, the first time this had been allowed in a FIFA World Cup tournament.[57] Below is the bracket for the knockout round of the tournament, teams in bold denote match winners.[57]
Bracket
Round of 16 | Quarter-finals | Semi-finals | Final | |||||||||||
30 June – Sochi | ||||||||||||||
Uruguay | 2 | |||||||||||||
6 July – Nizhny Novgorod | ||||||||||||||
Portugal | 1 | |||||||||||||
Uruguay | 0 | |||||||||||||
30 June – Kazan | ||||||||||||||
France | 2 | |||||||||||||
France | 4 | |||||||||||||
10 July – Saint Petersburg | ||||||||||||||
Argentina | 3 | |||||||||||||
France | 1 | |||||||||||||
2 July – Samara | ||||||||||||||
Belgium | 0 | |||||||||||||
Brazil | 2 | |||||||||||||
6 July – Kazan | ||||||||||||||
Mexico | 0 | |||||||||||||
Brazil | 1 | |||||||||||||
2 July – Rostov-on-Don | ||||||||||||||
Belgium | 2 | |||||||||||||
Belgium | 3 | |||||||||||||
15 July – Moscow (Luzhniki) | ||||||||||||||
Japan | 2 | |||||||||||||
France | 4 | |||||||||||||
1 July – Moscow (Luzhniki) | ||||||||||||||
Croatia | 2 | |||||||||||||
Spain | 1 (3) | |||||||||||||
7 July – Sochi | ||||||||||||||
Russia (p) | 1 (4) | |||||||||||||
Russia | 2 (3) | |||||||||||||
1 July – Nizhny Novgorod | ||||||||||||||
Croatia (p) | 2 (4) | |||||||||||||
Croatia (p) | 1 (3) | |||||||||||||
11 July – Moscow (Luzhniki) | ||||||||||||||
Denmark | 1 (2) | |||||||||||||
Croatia (a.e.t.) | 2 | |||||||||||||
3 July – Saint Petersburg | ||||||||||||||
England | 1 | Third place play-off | ||||||||||||
Sweden | 1 | |||||||||||||
7 July – Samara | 14 July – Saint Petersburg | |||||||||||||
Switzerland | 0 | |||||||||||||
Sweden | 0 | Belgium | 2 | |||||||||||
3 July – Moscow (Otkritie) | ||||||||||||||
England | 2 | England | 0 | |||||||||||
Colombia | 1 (3) | |||||||||||||
England (p) | 1 (4) | |||||||||||||
Round of 16
France | 4–3 | Argentina |
---|---|---|
| Report |
|
Uruguay | 2–1 | Portugal |
---|---|---|
| Report |
|
Spain | 1–1 (a.e.t.) | Russia |
---|---|---|
| Report |
|
Penalties | ||
| 3–4 |
|
Croatia | 1–1 (a.e.t.) | Denmark |
---|---|---|
| Report |
|
Penalties | ||
| 3–2 |
|
Brazil | 2–0 | Mexico |
---|---|---|
| Report |
Belgium | 3–2 | Japan |
---|---|---|
| Report |
|
Sweden | 1–0 | Switzerland |
---|---|---|
| Report |
Colombia | 1–1 (a.e.t.) | England |
---|---|---|
| Report |
|
Penalties | ||
| 3–4 |
|
Quarter-finals
Uruguay | 0–2 | France |
---|---|---|
Report |
|
Brazil | 1–2 | Belgium |
---|---|---|
| Report |
|
Sweden | 0–2 | England |
---|---|---|
Report |
|
Russia | 2–2 (a.e.t.) | Croatia |
---|---|---|
| Report |
|
Penalties | ||
| 3–4 |
|
Semi-finals
France | 1–0 | Belgium |
---|---|---|
| Report |
Croatia | 2–1 (a.e.t.) | England |
---|---|---|
| Report |
|
Third place play-off
Belgium | 2–0 | England |
---|---|---|
| Report |
Final
France | 4–2 | Croatia |
---|---|---|
| Report |
|
Статистика
Goalscorers
There were 169 goals scored in 64 matches, for an average of 2.64 goals per match.
Twelve own goals were scored during the tournament, doubling the record of six set in 1998.[188] Goals scored from penalty shoot-outs are not counted towards an individual player's goal count.[189]
6 goals
- Harry Kane
4 goals
- Romelu Lukaku
- Antoine Griezmann
- Kylian Mbappé
- Cristiano Ronaldo
- Denis Cheryshev
3 goals
- Eden Hazard
- Yerry Mina
- Mario Mandžukić
- Ivan Perišić
- Artem Dzyuba
- Diego Costa
- Edinson Cavani
2 goals
- Sergio Agüero
- Mile Jedinak
- Philippe Coutinho
- Neymar
- Luka Modrić
- Mohamed Salah
- John Stones
- Takashi Inui
- Ahmed Musa
- Son Heung-min
- Andreas Granqvist
- Wahbi Khazri
- Luis Suárez
1 goal
- Ángel Di María
- Gabriel Mercado
- Lionel Messi
- Marcos Rojo
- Michy Batshuayi
- Nacer Chadli
- Kevin De Bruyne
- Marouane Fellaini
- Adnan Januzaj
- Dries Mertens
- Thomas Meunier
- Jan Vertonghen
- Roberto Firmino
- Paulinho
- Renato Augusto
- Thiago Silva
- Juan Cuadrado
- Radamel Falcao
- Juan Fernando Quintero
- Kendall Waston
- Milan Badelj
- Andrej Kramarić
- Ivan Rakitić
- Ante Rebić
- Domagoj Vida
- Christian Eriksen
- Mathias Jørgensen
- Yussuf Poulsen
- Dele Alli
- Jesse Lingard
- Harry Maguire
- Kieran Trippier
- Benjamin Pavard
- Paul Pogba
- Samuel Umtiti
- Raphaël Varane
- Toni Kroos
- Marco Reus
- Alfreð Finnbogason
- Gylfi Sigurðsson
- Karim Ansarifard
- Genki Haraguchi
- Keisuke Honda
- Shinji Kagawa
- Yuya Osako
- Javier Hernández
- Hirving Lozano
- Carlos Vela
- Khalid Boutaïb
- Youssef En-Nesyri
- Victor Moses
- Felipe Baloy
- André Carrillo
- Paolo Guerrero
- Jan Bednarek
- Grzegorz Krychowiak
- Pepe
- Ricardo Quaresma
- Mário Fernandes
- Yury Gazinsky
- Aleksandr Golovin
- Salem Al-Dawsari
- Salman Al-Faraj
- Sadio Mané
- M'Baye Niang
- Moussa Wagué
- Aleksandar Kolarov
- Aleksandar Mitrović
- Kim Young-gwon
- Iago Aspas
- Isco
- Nacho
- Ludwig Augustinsson
- Emil Forsberg
- Ola Toivonen
- Josip Drmić
- Blerim Džemaili
- Xherdan Shaqiri
- Granit Xhaka
- Steven Zuber
- Dylan Bronn
- Ferjani Sassi
- Fakhreddine Ben Youssef
- José Giménez
1 own goal
- Aziz Behich (against France)
- Fernandinho (against Belgium)
- Mario Mandžukić (against France)
- Ahmed Fathy (against Russia)
- Edson Álvarez (against Sweden)
- Aziz Bouhaddouz (against Iran)
- Peter Etebo (against Croatia)
- Thiago Cionek (against Senegal)
- Denis Cheryshev (against Uruguay)
- Sergei Ignashevich (against Spain)
- Yann Sommer (against Costa Rica)
- Yassine Meriah (against Panama)
Source: FIFA[190]
Discipline
In total, only four players were sent off in the entire tournament, the fewest since 1978.[191] International Football Association Board technical director David Elleray stated a belief that this was due to the introduction of VAR, since players would know that they would not be able to get away with anything under the new system.[192]
A player is automatically suspended for the next match for the following offences:[49]
- Receiving a red card (red card suspensions may be extended for serious offences)
- Receiving two yellow cards in two matches; yellow cards expire after the completion of the quarter-finals (yellow card suspensions are not carried forward to any other future international matches)
The following suspensions were served during the tournament:
Player | Offence(s) | Suspension(s) |
---|---|---|
Carlos Sánchez | in Group H vs Japan (matchday 1; 19 June) | Group H vs Poland (matchday 2; 24 June) |
Yussuf Poulsen | in Group C vs Peru (matchday 1; 16 June) in Group C vs Australia (matchday 2; 21 June) | Group C vs France (matchday 3; 26 June) |
Jérôme Boateng | in Group F vs Sweden (matchday 2; 23 June) | Group F vs South Korea (matchday 3; 27 June) |
Armando Cooper | in Group G vs Belgium (matchday 1; 18 June) in Group G vs England (matchday 2; 24 June) | Group G vs Tunisia (matchday 3; 28 June) |
Michael Amir Murillo | in Group G vs Belgium (matchday 1; 18 June) in Group G vs England (matchday 2; 24 June) | Group G vs Tunisia (matchday 3; 28 June) |
Igor Smolnikov | in Group A vs Uruguay (matchday 3; 25 June) | Round of 16 vs Spain (1 July) |
Sebastian Larsson | in Group F vs Germany (matchday 2; 23 June) in Group F vs Mexico (matchday 3; 27 June) | Round of 16 vs Switzerland (3 July) |
Héctor Moreno | in Group F vs Germany (matchday 1; 17 June) in Group F vs Sweden (matchday 3; 27 June) | Round of 16 vs Brazil (2 July) |
Stephan Lichtsteiner | in Group E vs Brazil (matchday 1; 17 June) in Group E vs Costa Rica (matchday 3; 27 June) | Round of 16 vs Sweden (3 July) |
Fabian Schär | in Group E vs Brazil (matchday 1; 17 June) in Group E vs Costa Rica (matchday 3; 27 June) | Round of 16 vs Sweden (3 July) |
Blaise Matuidi | in Group C vs Peru (matchday 2; 21 June) in Round of 16 vs Argentina (30 June) | Quarter-finals vs Uruguay (6 July) |
Casemiro | in Group E vs Switzerland (matchday 1; 17 June) in Round of 16 vs Mexico (2 July) | Quarter-finals vs Belgium (6 July) |
Mikael Lustig | in Group F vs Mexico (matchday 3; 27 June) in Round of 16 vs Switzerland (3 July) | Quarter-finals vs England (7 July) |
Michael Lang | in Round of 16 vs Sweden (3 July) | Suspension served outside tournament |
Thomas Meunier | in Group G vs Panama (matchday 1; 18 June) in Quarter-finals vs Brazil (6 July) | Semi-finals vs France (10 July) |
Awards
The following awards were given at the conclusion of the tournament. The Golden Boot (top scorer), Golden Ball (best overall player) and Golden Glove (best goalkeeper) awards were all sponsored by Adidas.[193]
Golden Ball | Silver Ball | Bronze Ball |
---|---|---|
Luka Modrić | Eden Hazard | Antoine Griezmann |
Golden Boot | Silver Boot | Bronze Boot |
Harry Kane (6 goals, 0 assists) | Antoine Griezmann (4 goals, 2 assists) | Romelu Lukaku (4 goals, 1 assist) |
Golden Glove | ||
Thibaut Courtois | ||
Best Young Player | ||
Kylian Mbappé | ||
FIFA Fair Play Award | ||
Spain |
Additionally, FIFA.com shortlisted 18 goals for users to vote on as the tournaments' best.[194] The poll closed on 23 July. The award was sponsored by Hyundai.[195]
Goal of the Tournament | |||
---|---|---|---|
Goalscorer | Opponent | Score | Round |
Benjamin Pavard | Argentina | 2–2 | Round of 16 |
Fantasy Team
FIFA published an All-Star Team based on player performances evaluated through statistical data.[196]
Goalkeeper | Defenders | Midfielders | Forwards |
---|---|---|---|
Thibaut Courtois | Andreas Granqvist Thiago Silva Raphaël Varane Yerry Mina | Denis Cheryshev Philippe Coutinho Luka Modrić | Harry Kane Antoine Griezmann Eden Hazard |
Dream Team
The users of FIFA.com elected their Fan Dream Team.[197][198]
Goalkeeper | Defenders | Midfielders | Forwards |
---|---|---|---|
Thibaut Courtois | Marcelo Thiago Silva Raphaël Varane Diego Godín | Kevin De Bruyne Philippe Coutinho Luka Modrić | Harry Kane Kylian Mbappé Cristiano Ronaldo |
Prize money
Prize money amounts were announced in October 2017.[199]
Position | Amount (million USD) | |
---|---|---|
Per team | Total | |
Champions | 38 | 38 |
Runners-up | 28 | 28 |
Third place | 24 | 24 |
Fourth place | 22 | 22 |
5th–8th place (quarter-finals) | 16 | 64 |
9th–16th place (round of 16) | 12 | 96 |
17th–32nd place (group stage) | 8 | 128 |
Total | 400 |
Маркетинг
Branding
The tournament logo was unveiled on 28 October 2014 by cosmonauts at the International Space Station and then projected onto Moscow's Bolshoi Theatre during an evening television programme. Russian Sports Minister Vitaly Mutko said the logo was inspired by "Russia's rich artistic tradition and its history of bold achievement and innovation", and FIFA president Sepp Blatter stated that it reflected the "heart and soul" of the country.[citation needed] For branding, Portuguese design agency Brandia Central created materials in 2014, with a typeface called Dusha (from душа, Russian for 'soul') designed by Brandia Central and edited by Adotbelow of the DSType Foundry in Portugal.[200]
Mascot
The tournament's official mascot was unveiled on 21 October 2016, and selected through a design competition among university students. A public vote was used to select the mascot from three finalists—a cat, a tiger, and a wolf. The winner, with 53% or approximately one million votes, was Zabivaka—an anthropomorphic wolf dressed in the colours of the Russian national team. Zabivaka's name is a portmanteau of the Russian words забияка ("hothead") and забивать ("to score"), and his official backstory states that he is an aspiring football player who is "charming, confident and social".[201]
Ticketing
The first phase of ticket sales started on 14 September 2017, 12:00 Moscow Time, and lasted until 12 October 2017.[202]
The general visa policy of Russia did not apply to participants and spectators, who were able to visit Russia without a visa right before and during the competition regardless of their citizenship.[203] Spectators were nonetheless required to register for a "Fan-ID", a special photo identification pass. A Fan-ID was required to enter the country visa-free, while a ticket, Fan-ID and a valid passport were required to enter stadiums for matches. Fan-IDs also granted World Cup attendees free access to public transport services, including buses, and train service between host cities. Fan-ID was administered by the Ministry of Digital Development, Communications and Mass Media, which could revoke this accreditation at any time to "ensure the defence capability or security of the state or public order".[109][110][111]
Match ball
The official match ball, the "Telstar 18", was unveiled on 9 November 2017. It was based on the name and design of the first Adidas World Cup ball from 1970.[204] A special red-coloured variation, "Telstar Mechta", was used for the knockout stage of the tournament. The word mechta (Russian: мечта) means "dream" or "ambition".[205]
Goalkeepers noted that the ball was slippery and prone to having unpredictable trajectory.[206][207] In addition, two Telstar 18 balls popped in the midst of a first-round match between France and Australia, leading to further discussions over the ball's performance.[208][209]
Merchandise
On 29 May 2018, Electronic Arts released a free update to their video game FIFA 18 that added content related to the 2018 FIFA World Cup. The expansion included a World Cup tournament mode with all teams and stadiums from the event, official television presentation elements, and World Cup-related content for the Ultimate Team mode.[210][211]
Panini continued their partnership with FIFA by producing stickers for their World Cup sticker album.[212] Panini also developed an app for the 2018 World Cup where fans could collect and swap virtual stickers, with five million fans gathering digital stickers for the tournament.[213][214]
Official song
The official song of the tournament was "Live It Up", with vocals by Will Smith, Nicky Jam and Era Istrefi, released on 25 May 2018. Its music video was released on 8 June 2018.[215]
Другие противоречия
Thirty-three footballers who were alleged to be part of the Russian steroid programme are listed in the McLaren Report.[216] On 22 December 2017, it was reported that FIFA had fired a doctor who had been investigating doping in Russian football.[217] On 22 May 2018 FIFA confirmed that the investigations concerning all Russian players named for the provisional squad of the FIFA World Cup in Russia had been completed, with the result that insufficient evidence was found to support anti-doping rule violations.[218] FIFA's medical committee also decided that Russian personnel would not be involved in performing drug testing procedures at the tournament, an action taken to reassure teams that samples would not be tampered with.[219]
Response to Skripal poisoning
In response to the March 2018 poisoning of Sergei and Yulia Skripal, British prime minister Theresa May announced that no British ministers or members of the royal family would attend the World Cup, and issued a warning to any travelling England fans.[220] Iceland diplomatically boycotted the World Cup.[citation needed] Russia responded to the comments from the UK Parliament claiming that the West are trying to "take the World Cup out of Russia".[221] The Russian Foreign Ministry denounced Boris Johnson's statements that compared the event to the 1936 Olympics held in Nazi Germany as "poisoned with venom of hate, unprofessionalism and boorishness" and "unacceptable and unworthy" parallel towards Russia, a "nation that lost millions of lives in fighting Nazism".[222]
The British Foreign Office and MPs had repeatedly warned English football fans and "people of Asian or Afro-Caribbean descent" travelling to Russia of "racist or homophobic intimidation, hooligan violence and anti-British hostility".[223][224] English football fans who did travel have said they have received a warm welcome from ordinary citizens after arriving in Russia.[225][226]
Критический прием
At the close of the World Cup, Russia was widely praised for its success in hosting the tournament, with Steve Rosenberg of the BBC deeming it "a resounding public relations success" for Putin, adding: "The stunning new stadiums, free train travel to venues and the absence of crowd violence has impressed visiting supporters. Russia has come across as friendly and hospitable: a stark contrast with the country's authoritarian image. All the foreign fans I have spoken to are pleasantly surprised."[227]
FIFA president Gianni Infantino stated: "Everyone discovered a beautiful country, a welcoming country, that is keen to show the world that everything that has been said before might not be true. A lot of preconceived ideas have been changed because people have seen the true nature of Russia."[228] Infantino has proclaimed Russia 2018 to be "the best World Cup ever", as 98 per cent of the stadiums were sold out, there were three billion viewers on TV around the world and seven million fans visited the fan fests.[229] It was the most viewed World Cup to date, and the third most viewed television broadcast, surpassing the Beijing Olympics in 2008.[citation needed]
However, the tournament was called a distraction from the international isolation and economic difficulties Russia has been facing.[230][231][232]
Права на трансляцию
FIFA, through several companies, sold the broadcasting rights for the 2018 FIFA World Cup to various local broadcasters. After having tested the technology at limited matches of the 2013 FIFA Confederations Cup,[233] and the 2014 FIFA World Cup (via private tests and public viewings in the host city of Rio de Janeiro),[234] the 2018 World Cup was the first World Cup in which all matches were produced in 4K ultra high definition. Host Broadcast Services (HBS) stated that at least 75% of the broadcast cut of each match would come from 4K cameras (covering the majority of main angles), with instant replays and some camera angles being converted up from 1080p high definition sources with limited degradation in quality. These broadcasts were made available from selected rightsholders and television providers.[235][236][237]
In February 2018, Ukrainian rightsholder UA:PBC stated that it would not broadcast the World Cup. This came in the wake of growing boycotts of the tournament among the Football Federation of Ukraine and sports minister Ihor Zhdanov.[238][239] Additionally, the Football Federation of Ukraine refused to accredit journalists for the World Cup and waived their quota of tickets.[240] However, the Ukrainian state TV still broadcast the World Cup, and more than four million Ukrainians watched the opening match.[241]
Broadcast rights to the tournament in the Middle East were hampered by an ongoing diplomatic crisis in Qatar, which saw Bahrain, Egypt, Saudi Arabia, and the United Arab Emirates cut diplomatic ties with Qatar—the home country of FIFA's Middle East and Africa rightsholder beIN Sports—in June 2017, over its alleged state support of terrorist groups. On 2 June 2018, beIN pulled its channels from Du and Etisalat, but with service to the latter restored later that day. Etisalat subsequently announced that it would air the World Cup in the UAE, and continue to offer beIN normally and without interruptions.[242][243][244] In Saudi Arabia, beIN was banned from doing business; as a result, its channels and other content have been widely and illegally repackaged by a broadcaster identifying itself as "beoutQ". While FIFA attempted to negotiate the sale of a package consisting of Saudi matches and the final indirectly, they were unable to do so. On 12 July 2018, FIFA stated that it had "engaged counsel to take legal action in Saudi Arabia and is working alongside other sports rights owners that have also been affected to protect its interests."[245][246]
In the United States, the 2018 World Cup was the first men's World Cup whose English rights were held by Fox Sports, and Spanish rights held by Telemundo. The elimination of the United States in qualifying led to concerns that US interest and viewership of this World Cup would be reduced, noting that "casual" viewers of U.S. matches caused them to peak at 16.5 million viewers in 2014, and determined how much Fox paid for the rights. During a launch event prior to the elimination, Fox stated that it had planned to place a secondary focus on the Mexican team in its coverage to take advantage of their popularity among Hispanic and Latino Americans. Fox stated that it was still committed to broadcasting a significant amount of tournament coverage.[247][248][249] Viewership was down overall over 2014; match scheduling was not as favourable to viewers in the Americas as it was in 2014. Many matches aired in the morning hours, although Telemundo's broadcast of the Mexico-Sweden Group F match was announced as being its most-watched weekday daytime program in network history.[250][251]
Unlike previous tournaments, where the rights were bundled with those of South Korea, Korean Central Television acquired rights to the 2018 World Cup within North Korea. Broadcasts only began with the round of 16, and matches were tape delayed and edited for time. In addition, matches involving Japan were excluded from the broadcasts, due to strained relations and campaigns against the country.[252]
Спонсорство
FIFA partners | FIFA World Cup sponsors | African supporters | Asian supporters | European supporters | ||||
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Смотрите также
- FIFA World Cup hosts
- 2017 FIFA Confederations Cup
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Внешние ссылки
- FIFA.com 2018 website
- Welcome2018.com
- Official Technical Report
- Results at RSSSF
- 2018 FIFA World Cup | The Official Film (on YouTube)