These catfish species are small and transparent.[2] The three species can be distinguished by differences in body shape, coloration, and the degree of serrations on the anterior edge of the pectoral fin spine.[3] The three species range from about 3–4.4 centimetres (1.2–1.7 in) SL.[4][5][6]
Hyalobagrus species are sexually dimorphic, males possess a genital papilla, and gravid females are easy to spot since their blue-green eggs are visible through their bellies.[2]
These catfish are mid-water swimmers.[2] They are also schooling fish.[3] In their natural habitat, they are almost always found closely associated with submerged vegetation.[3]
H. flavus and H. ornatus are known to be exported for the aquarium trade.[3][6] H. flavus first appeared in the hobby in the 1980s.[3] They seem to do best in a heavily planted tank with tankmates that will not out compete them for food.[2] They are a peaceful, diurnal community species that accept all kinds of foods.[3] None of these species have been bred in captivity.[2]