Статус сохранения - это мера, используемая в природоохранной биологии для оценки степени изменения среды обитания в экорегионе и сохранения среды обитания. Он используется для определения приоритетов сохранения.
Статус сохранения и биологическая самобытность были двумя показателями, используемыми Всемирным фондом дикой природы (WWF) для разработки Global 200 , списка высокоприоритетных экорегионов для сохранения [1], и для оценок WWF по сохранению на континенте (или в биогеографической области ). шкала. [2] [3]
Ecoregions are classified into one of three broad categories: "critical/endangered" (CE), "vulnerable" (V), or "relatively stable/relatively intact" (RS).[4] The WWF's conservation status index is determined by analyzing four factors:[5]
- Habitat loss is the percentage of an ecoregion's habitat that has been converted to agriculture or urban areas;
- Habitat blocks measures of the size of remaining habitat blocks;
- Habitat fragmentation is the degree to which remaining habitat is fragmented, measured as the ratio of the total perimeter of remaining habitat blocks to their total area;
- Habitat protection measures the area of remaining habitat in protected areas, and the degree of protection provided (IUCN protected area categories).
Additional factors considered for the Global 200 include degree of habitat degradation, degree of protection needed, degree of urgency for conservation needs, and types of conservation practiced or required.
See also
References
- ^ Olson DM, Dinerstein E. 1998. "The Global 200: A representation approach to conserving the Earth’s most biologically valuable ecoregions." Conservation Biology 12: 502–515.
- ^ Burgess, Neil, Jennifer D’Amico Hales, Emma Underwood (2004). Terrestrial Ecoregions of Africa and Madagascar: A Conservation Assessment. Island Press, Washington DC.
- ^ Wikramanayake, Eric; Eric Dinerstein; Colby J. Loucks; et al. (2002). Terrestrial Ecoregions of the Indo-Pacific: a Conservation Assessment. Island Press; Washington, DC.
- ^ Olson DM, Dinerstein E. 1998. "The Global 200: A representation approach to conserving the Earth’s most biologically valuable ecoregions." Conservation Biology 12: 502–515.
- ^ Burgess, Neil, Jennifer D’Amico Hales, Emma Underwood (2004). Terrestrial Ecoregions of Africa and Madagascar: A Conservation Assessment. Island Press, Washington DC.