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Американские радиовещательные театры Paramount
American Broadcasting-Paramount Theatres logo.png
Paramount Times Square.jpg
Бывшая штаб-квартира American Broadcasting-Paramount Theaters расположена на Бродвее 1501 .
Раньше
  • United Paramount Theaters
  • (1949-1953)
  • Американские радиовещательные театры Paramount
  • (1953-1965)
  • Американские вещательные компании, Inc.
  • (1965-1986)
  • ABC Television, Inc.
  • (1986-1989)
ТипОбщественные
ПромышленностьКинотеатр , радиовещание , телевещание , издательское дело , запись
ПредшественникParamount Publix Corporation
ПреемникиСтолицы / Азбука
Основан15 ноября 1949 г . ; 71 год назад (1949-11-15)
ОсновательParamount Pictures
Несуществующий24 июля 1989 г . ; 31 год назад (1989-07-24)
СудьбаПриобретено и распущено
Штаб-квартира1501 Бродвей ,
Нью-Йорк
,
Соединенные Штаты
Обслуживаемая площадьПо всей стране
ДоходIncrease 194,7 миллиона долларов США (1955)
Операционная прибыльIncrease 191,6 миллиона долларов США (1955)
Чистый доходIncrease 8,2 миллиона долларов США (1955)
Всего активовDecrease 103,9 миллиона долларов США (1955)
Общий капиталIncrease 81,4 миллиона долларов США (1955)
ВладелецЭдвард Дж. Ноубл (10% обычных, 55% предпочтительных) [1]
Подразделения
Дочерние компании
Сноски / ссылки
[2]

American Broadcasting-Paramount Theaters , Inc. (первоначально United Paramount Theaters , позже American Broadcasting Companies и ABC Television ) была материнской компанией American Broadcasting Company и United Paramount Theaters после слияния .

История [ править ]

United Paramount Theaters [ править ]

United Paramount Theaters, Inc. (UPT) была учреждена 15 ноября 1949 года [3] в качестве ответвления кинотеатра Paramount Pictures в соответствии с антимонопольным постановлением Верховного суда по делу United States v. Paramount Pictures, Inc. . [4] UPT приобрела сеть театров Paramount , [5] в которую входили Балабан и Кац., сеть из Чикаго, которая также включала некоторые радиовещательные компании. 800 из 1450 кинотеатров Paramount должны были быть проданы. Назначенный судом попечитель будет контролировать акции UPT в течение пяти лет, чтобы гарантировать раздельное владение двумя компаниями. Акционеры Paramount должны были получить акции обеих компаний с условием конвертации, которое позволило бы акционеру обменять свои акции одного правопреемника на акции другой компании. [6] Леонард Голденсон , возглавлявший сеть театров с 1938 года, остался президентом UPT. Поскольку Американская радиовещательная компания (ABC) хотела выйти на телевидение, UPT располагала деньгами от проданных кинотеатров и стремилась вложить эти деньги в другое место, поскольку ей было запрещено снимать фильмы. ABC также рассмотрелInternational Telephone & Telegraph и General Tire , прежде чем принять предложение UPT. [7]

В 1950 году UPT приобрела 1/3 доли Microwave Associates, Inc., консалтинговой и исследовательской компании в области миллиметровых волн. [2] [8]

American Broadcasting-Paramount Theaters [ править ]

Компания American Broadcasting-Paramount Theaters, Inc. (AB-PT) стала названием United Paramount Theaters, Inc. 9 февраля 1953 года [3], чтобы отразить ее статус после слияния в качестве материнской компании объединенных компаний, American Broadcasting Company и United Paramount Theaters. [9] Федеральная комиссия по связи одобрила слияние в тот же день. Леонард Х. Голденсон продолжал занимать пост президента корпорации после слияния с президентом ABC Робертом Э. Кинтнером.продолжая как президент подразделения ABC. Никакое общее театральное подразделение, подобное подразделению ABC, не было создано, так как компания AB-PT занималась общим планированием и развитием театра. Подразделение ABC планировалось переехать из здания RCA на 7 W. 66th Street в Нью-Йорке к 1 апреля. Продажа WBKB (TV) в Чикаго компании CBS за 6 миллионов долларов была также одобрена FCC. [1]

В 1954 году AB-PT заключил сделку с Уолтом Диснеем, чтобы предоставить капитал для предложенного им парка развлечений Диснейленд . За 500 000 долларов наличными и гарантию банковского кредита на 4,5 миллиона долларов AB-PT приобрела 34,48% -ную долю в Disneyland, Inc. и заключила соглашение с Walt Disney Productions на предоставление программ для сети ABC-TV. [CDL 1] Дочерняя компания AB-PT, UPT Concessions, Inc., была привлечена для работы в Tomorrowland's Space Bar (первоначальное название Stratosnak) и различных других концессионных центрах в Диснейленде. [10] [11]

ABC-Paramount formed a records division in 1955, with Samuel H. Clark as its first president.[12] The business was incorporated on June 14, 1955, as Am-Par Record Corporation.[13]

Theater circuit (in 1955)state(s)[2]
Arizona ParamountArizona
Balaban and KatzIllinois
Florida StateFlorida
Great StatesIllinois, Indiana, Ohio
Minnesota AmusementMinnesota, Wisconsin, North & South Dakotas
New EnglandMassachusetts, Maine, Vermont, New
Hampshire, Connecticut, Rhode Island
NorthioOhio, Kentucky
Paramount GulfLouisiana, Mississippi, Alabama, Florida, Texas
Penn ParamountPennsylvania
Tenarken ParamountArkansas, Tennessee, Kentucky
Texas ConsolidatedTexas
Tri-StatesIowa, Nebraska, Illinois, Missouri
United DetroitMichigan
Wilby-KinceyAlabama, Georgia, North & South Carolina,
Tennessee, Virginia, West Virginia

In February 1956, along with Western Union, AB-PT agreed to purchase a 22% share of Technical Operations, Inc. a nucleonics, operations research, chemistry and electronics company, with options to increase the share to 25%. In a related transaction, Western Union acquired a 1/3 share in Microwave Associates, allowing that AB-PT holding to purchase a site for a new plant.[2] On December 30, 1956, a film production company, American Broadcasting-Paramount Theatres Pictures was formed, with Irving H. Levin as President.[14]

By March 1957, AB-PT's theater circuits had divested more theaters than required by the court ruling. In June, AB-PT decided to sell 90 more theaters due to declining revenue.[9]

In 1957, Microwave Associates became a publicly traded corporation.[8] On May 1, 1957, the American Broadcasting Company Radio Network was formed as an autonomous subsidiary, with Robert E. Eastman as President.[15]

A former Paramount theater in Denver.

AB-PT purchased the Weeki Wachee Springs natural tourist attraction in Florida in 1959.[16] Also in 1959, AB-PT acquired the Prairie Farmer agricultural publishing group, including Chicago radio station WLS (AM), which shared a frequency with AB-PT's station WENR (defunct).[17] In 1960, Walt Disney Productions paid $7.5 million to buy back AB-PT's share in Disneyland and obtain a release from its ABC-TV contract.[CDL 2] In 1962, AB-PT purchased another Florida nature attraction, Silver Springs, and placed it into the company's ABC Scenic & Wildlife Attractions subsidiary.[18]

American Broadcasting Companies[edit]

American Broadcasting-Paramount Theatres, Inc. assumed the name, American Broadcasting Companies, Inc. on July 2, 1965.[3] ABCs started ABC Pictures in 1965 to produce feature films.[19] In 1965, Clark was appointed vice-president, non-broadcasting operation of American Broadcasting Companies overseeing ABC-Paramount Records, ABC music publishing, theater operations, ABC Pictures, ABC Amusements and other operations. In April 1966, Dunhill Records was purchased.[20] American Broadcasting Companies move from the New York Paramount Building to the ABC Building at 1330 Avenue of the Americas, in 1965.[21] Its recording subsidiary was renamed ABC Records in 1966.[22]

On December 7, 1965, Goldenson announced a merger proposal with IT&T to ABCs board. The two companies agreed to the deal on April 27, 1966.[23] The FCC approved the merger on December 21, 1966; however the previous day (December 20), Donald F. Turner, head antitrust regulator for the United States Department of Justice, expressed doubts related to such issues as the emerging cable television market,[24] and concerns over the journalistic integrity of ABC and how it could be influenced by the overseas ownership of ITT.[25] ITT management promised that the company would allow ABC to retain autonomy in the publishing business.[24] The merger was suspended, and a complaint was filed by the Department of Justice in July 1967, with ITT going to trial in October 1967; the merger was officially canceled after the trial's conclusion on January 1, 1968.[26]

By May 1972, ABCs formed the ABC Leisure Group consisting of its theaters, farm publishing operations (ABC Farm Publications) and music (ABC Records), Anchor Records and ABC Records and Tape Sales plus a new retail record store division.[27] In January 1973, ABC Leisure Group started ABC Retail Records Division was started head by president Al Franklin. Three Wide World of Music locations in Seattle and Providence were opened by July 1974, when they announced expansion to add 4 more locations.[28] In 1974 by August, ABC Records had acquired two additional record companies.[29] Leisure Group I added ABC Leisure Magazines and ABC Entertainment Center, Center City by October 1974.[30]

Plitt Theatres purchased ABC Theatres northern group of movie theaters including the Balaban & Katz chain in 1974. A second Plitt corporation, Plitt Theatres Holding, purchased ABC's southern circuit in 1978 for $49 million.[31]

ABC Scenic & Wildlife Attractions president John Campbell announced on April 27, 1973, its plans for developing its third wildlife preserve on 280 acres in Prince George's County, Maryland, 12 miles from Washington, DC.[32] On July 15, 1974, The Wildlife Preserve opened in Prince George's County.[33] In October 1974, ABC Leisure Group II was formed by ABC, composed of ABC Theatres (267 locations), ABC Scenic & Wildlife Attractions, Town of Smithville, NJ recreated historic settlement and the Silver Springs Bottled Water Co., under president Walter Schwartz.[30]

ABC Motion Pictures was a theatrical movie subsidiary of ABC, formed in May 1979.[34]

A cable division was started in July 1979[35] which was incorporated as ABC Video Enterprises, Inc. (AVE) by March 25, 1980.[36] ABC announced ARTS in December 1980 to be launched on April 5, 1981, sharing Nickelodeon's channel at night. ABC and the Hearst Corporation in January 1981 formed a joint venture, Hearst/ABC Video Services, to provide programming to ARTS and launch BETA, a women's network, later that year.[35] With Group W Satellite Communications, ABC Video Enterprises formed the Satellite News Channel in 1981 only to sell it a year later to Turner Broadcasting, owner of CNN. Cox Cable and AVE formed FirstTicket in 1983, to try the market for pay-per-view sporting events. AVE and ESPN launched Reserve Seat Video Productions, a pay-per-view sports producer, in 1983.[37]

In 1984, ABC Scenic & Wildlife Attractions sold both Florida locations to Florida Leisure Attractions.[38] In 1984, Hearst/ABC-Viacom Entertainment Services (HAVES) was formed from the merger of Daytime (BETA) and Lifetime Medical Television to start and operate a new cable channel, Lifetime Television.[39]

Capital Cities' announced $3.5 billion purchase of ABC on March 18, 1985, stunned the media industry, as ABC was some four times bigger than Capital Cities was at the time. Berkshire Hathaway chairman Warren Buffett helped to finance the deal in exchange for a 25 percent share in the combined company.[40][41]

In October 1985, ABC Motion Pictures was shut down.[42]

ABC Television[edit]

American Broadcasting Companies assumed the name ABC Television, Inc. on July 8, 1986[3] on the same date a second corporation with the name American Broadcasting Companies, Inc. was formed.[43]

ABC Television, Inc. was dissolved on July 24, 1989.[3]

References[edit]

  • Jacques Lherminier; Pierre Mannoni; Laurent Legrand. Chronique du cinéma [Chronicles of the Cinema] (in French). Éditions Chronique. ISBN 9782905969552.
  1. ^ a b "Ambitious ABC Planning Initiated Under New Merged Ownership" (PDF). BROADCASTING TELECASTING. 44 (7). February 16, 1953. pp. 27–29. Retrieved April 8, 2015.
  2. ^ a b c d "Annual Report 1955" (PDF). University of Penn. American Broadcasting-Paramount Theatres, Inc. Archived from the original (PDF) on March 4, 2016. Retrieved April 8, 2015.
  3. ^ a b c d e "Entity Information: American Broadcasting Companies, Inc". Corporation & Business Entity Database. New York State Division of Corporations. Retrieved April 6, 2015.
  4. ^ Legrand, Lherminier & Mannoni 1992, p. 422.
  5. ^ Slide, Anthony (February 25, 2014). "Publix Theater Corp.". The New Historical Dictionary of the American Film Industry (revised and updated ed.). Routledge. ISBN 9781135925611. Retrieved April 7, 2015.
  6. ^ "Paramount; radio, video interests definitely split" (PDF). Broadcasting - Telecasting. March 7, 1949. p. 66. Retrieved April 7, 2015. WBKB (TV) Chicago, licensed to the Paramount subsidiary Balaban & Katz, will go to a firm to be known as New Theatre Co." New Theatre Co. would later be formally named as United Paramount Theatres[permanent dead link]
  7. ^ Roman, James W. (2005). From Daytime to Primetime: The History of American Television Programs. Greenwood Publishing Group. pp. 12–13. ISBN 0313319723. Retrieved April 7, 2015.
  8. ^ a b Hindle, Pat (April 1, 2010). "M/A-COM is Reborn on Its 60th Birthday". Microwave Journal. Archived from the original on March 7, 2015.
  9. ^ a b Conant, Michael (1960). Antitrust in the Motion Picture Industry. University of California Press. p. 112. Retrieved April 7, 2015. American Broadcasting-Paramount Theatres.
  10. ^ "Disneyland Space Bar..." Independent Press Telegram (Souvenir Edition). July 15, 1955. p. 4. Retrieved August 28, 2015.
  11. ^ "The Story of Disneyland" (PDF). disneybymark.com. Disneyland, Inc. p. 16. Archived from the original (PDF) on March 5, 2016. Retrieved August 28, 2015.
  12. ^ "ABC: Brief History". Billboard. 1970-09-12. Retrieved 2011-09-10 – via Google Books.
  13. ^ "Entity Information: ABC Records, INC". Corporation & Business Entity Database. New York State Division of Corporations. Retrieved April 6, 2015.
  14. ^ Kane, Sherwin, ed. (May 10, 1957). "ABPT Pictures Set 3 Goals". Motion Picture Daily. 81 (91). Martin Quigley. pp. 1–2 – via Internet Archive.
  15. ^ Kane, Sherwin, ed. (April 12, 1957). "ABC Radio Separate Subsidiary of AB-PT". Motion Picture Daily. 81 (71). Martin Quigley. p. 6 – via Internet Archive.
  16. ^ JAKOB SCHILLER. "Professional Mermaids Are Lost Treasure of Florida Park". Wired. Condé Nast. Retrieved 24 November 2013.
  17. ^ Lazarus, George (July 1, 1997). "Australian Firm Buys Parent Of Prairie Farmer Magazine From Disney". Chicago Tribune. Retrieved August 9, 2015.
  18. ^ Colesworthy, Bick (May 25, 1977). "Silver Springs Has Magic of Nature". Daytona Beach Morning Journal. Plam Coast News. p. 5. Retrieved April 10, 2015.
  19. ^ Schreger, Charles (May 27, 1979). "ABC looks to big screen". The Spokesman-Review. 93 (13). Spokane, Washington. Los Angeles Times. p. F7. Retrieved April 7, 2015.
  20. ^ "ABC: Brief History". Billboard. September 12, 1970. pp. abc2–abc3. Retrieved 2011-09-10 – via Google Books.
  21. ^ "ABC-Paramount Through the Years" (PDF). Billboard. 77 (38). September 18, 1965. p. 48. Retrieved November 15, 2018.
  22. ^ "ABC-Paramount Is Now abc Records" (PDF). The Billboard. June 18, 1966. p. 3. Retrieved April 15, 2015.
  23. ^ Goldenson & Wolf 1991–1993, p. 260.
  24. ^ a b Goldenson & Wolf 1991–1993, p. 262.
  25. ^ Goldenson & Wolf 1991–1993, p. 261.
  26. ^ Goldenson & Wolf 1991–1993, p. 263.
  27. ^ "ABC Records 73 Sales, Earnings Up from 1972". Billboard. 86 (19). Nielsen Business Media, Inc. May 11, 1974. pp. 8, 80. Retrieved April 1, 2015.
  28. ^ "ABC Disk Chain Adding 4 Shops". Billboard. 86 (27). July 6, 1974. Retrieved April 10, 2015.
  29. ^ "ABC Determined to Lead, Prexy Avers". Billboard. 86 (32). August 10, 1974. Retrieved April 10, 2015.
  30. ^ a b "ABC Rings Up Impressive Income of $11.4 MIllion". Billboard (8). November 2, 1974.
  31. ^ Storch, Charles (August 16, 1985). "Plitt Theaters Sold For $65 Million". Chicago Tribune. Retrieved April 13, 2015.
  32. ^ "Wildlife Park Plans Announced by ABC". Ocala Star-Banner. April 27, 1973. p. 6A. Retrieved April 6, 2015.
  33. ^ "The Wildlife Preserve opens in the East". The Southeast Missourian. July 12, 1974. p. 20. Retrieved April 6, 2015.
  34. ^ Harmetz, Aljean (November 21, 1985). "It's Curtains For Abc, Cbs Filmmaking". Chicago Tribune. New York Times News Service. Retrieved January 2, 2014.
  35. ^ a b "ABC and Hearst Set Up Women's Cable TV; ABC and Hearst Set Up Cable TV Unit for Women". New York Times. January 30, 1981. Retrieved April 13, 2015.
  36. ^ "Entity Information: ABC Video Enterprises, Inc". Corporation & Business Entity Database. New York State Division of Corporations. Retrieved April 13, 2015.
  37. ^ Harrigan, Kathryn Rudie (January 1, 1985). Joint Ventures, Alliances, and Corporate Strategy (reprint ed.). Beard Books. pp. 169–170. ISBN 1587981955. Retrieved April 13, 2015.
  38. ^ Hollis, Tim (2005). Glass Bottom Boats & Mermaid Tails: Florida's Tourist Springs. Stackpole Books. p. 116. ISBN 9780811732666. Retrieved April 10, 2015.
  39. ^ Lifetime Entertainment Services History. International Directory of Company Histories, Vol. 32. St. James Press, 2000. Hosted on Funding Universe.com. Retrieved on December 4, 2013.
  40. ^ Kleinfield, N.R. "ABC is being sold for $3.5 billion; 1st network sale." The New York Times, March 19, 1985.
  41. ^ "Capcities + ABC."[permanent dead link] Broadcasting, March 25, 1985, pp. 31-32[permanent dead link].
  42. ^ Fabrikant, Geraldine (October 29, 1985). "ABC Discontinues Movie Operations". New York Times. Retrieved January 2, 2014.
  43. ^ "Entity Information: American Broadcasting Companies, Inc". 6. New York State Division of Corporations. Retrieved April 6, 2015.
  • Polsson, Ken. Chronology of Disneyland Theme Park.
  1. ^ Thomas, Bob (1998). Building a Company - Roy O. Disney and the Creation of an Entertainment Empire. pp. 183, 185. Retrieved April 7, 2015.
  2. ^ Thomas, Bob (1994). Walt Disney: An American Original. p. 286. Retrieved April 7, 2015.