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Кик Посланник
Kik Messenger logo.png
Автор (ы) оригиналаKik Interactive Inc.
Разработчики)MediaLab AI, Inc.
Первый выпуск19 октября 2010 г . ; 10 лет назад (2010-10-19)
Стабильный выпуск
Android15.28.1.22760 / 27 августа 2020 г . ; 8 месяцев назад [1] [2] (2020-08-27)
iOS15.24.0 / 10 августа 2020 г . ; 8 месяцев назад [3] (2020-08-10)
Операционная системаiOS 8.1 или новее, Android 4.1 или новее
Доступно ванглийский
ТипКлиент мгновенного обмена сообщениями
ЛицензияБесплатное ПО
Веб-сайтwww .kik .com

Kik Messenger , обычно называемый Kik , - это бесплатное мобильное приложение для обмена мгновенными сообщениями от канадской компании Kik Interactive, которое бесплатно доступно для операционных систем iOS и Android . [4] Он использует тарифный план смартфона или Wi-Fi для передачи и получения сообщений, фотографий, видео, эскизов, мобильных веб-страниц и другого контента после того, как пользователи зарегистрируют имя пользователя. [5] Kik известен своими функциями сохранения анонимности пользователей, например, позволяя пользователям регистрироваться без необходимости указывать номер телефона или действующий адрес электронной почты. Однако приложение не используетсквозное шифрование , [6] и компания также регистрирует IP-адреса пользователей , которые могут использоваться для определения интернет-провайдера пользователя и приблизительного местоположения. [7] [8] Эта информация, а также "сообщенные" разговоры регулярно передаются по запросу правоохранительных органов [9], иногда без необходимости судебного приказа . [10]

Изначально Kik задумывался как приложение для обмена музыкой [11], прежде чем перейти к обмену сообщениями, предлагая пользователям возможность отправлять ограниченное количество текстовых SMS- сообщений непосредственно из приложения. [12] В течение первых 15 дней после перевыпуска Kik в качестве приложения для обмена сообщениями было создано более 1 миллиона учетных записей. [13] В мае 2016 года Kik Messenger объявил, что у них около 300 миллионов зарегистрированных пользователей, и ими пользуются примерно 40% подростков США. [14] [15]

Kik Messenger объявил в октябре 2019 года, что подписал письмо о намерениях с MediaLab AI, после чего было объявлено, что Kik Interactive сократит свой штат со 100 до 19 человек. [16] MediaLab владеет несколькими мобильными приложениями , в первую очередь Whisper . [17]

История [ править ]

Kik Interactive была основана в 2009 году группой студентов из Университета Ватерлоо в Канаде, которые хотели создать новые технологии для использования на мобильных смартфонах. [18] Kik Messenger - первое приложение, разработанное Kik Interactive, оно было выпущено 19 октября 2010 года. [19] [20] В течение 15 дней после выпуска Kik Messenger достиг миллиона регистраций пользователей, а Twitter был признан катализатор популярности нового приложения. [21]

24 ноября 2010 г. компания Research In Motion (RIM) удалила Kik Messenger из BlackBerry App World и ограничила функциональность программного обеспечения для своих пользователей. [22] RIM также подала в суд на Kik Interactive за нарушение патентных прав и неправомерное использование товарных знаков . [23] [24] В октябре 2013 года компании уладили иск, условия которого не разглашаются. [25]

В ноябре 2014 года Kik объявил о раунде финансирования серии C на сумму 38,3 миллиона долларов и своем первом приобретении, купив GIF Messenger "Relay". Финансирование было предоставлено Valiant Capital Partners, Millennium Technology Value Partners и SV Angel. К этому времени Кик собрал в общей сложности 70,5 миллиона долларов. [26]

16 августа 2015 года Кик получил инвестиции в размере 50 миллионов долларов от китайского интернет-гиганта Tencent , материнской компании популярной китайской службы обмена сообщениями WeChat . Эта инвестиция принесла компании оценку в миллиард долларов. [27] Генеральный директор компании Тед Ливингстон заявил, что Кик стремится стать «западным WeChat», и сказал, что привлечение молодых пользователей является важной частью стратегии компании. [28]

В 2017 году Kik отказался от увеличения венчурного финансирования [29], вместо этого привлек почти 100 миллионов долларов в рамках громкого первичного предложения монет (ICO) [30] на блокчейне Ethereum . В этой массовой распродаже они продавали участникам цифровые токены Kin.

В ноябре 2017 года Kik Messenger был тихо удален из Магазина Windows. По состоянию на 23 января 2018 года ни разработчики, ни Microsoft не предоставили заявления или объяснений по поводу удаления приложения. [31]

В июне 2018 года Kin Coin была официально выпущена [32] на платформе Kik в бета-версии.

В июле 2018 года Kin Foundation выпустила бета-приложение Kinit в магазине Google Play, доступное только для жителей США. [33] Он предлагает различные способы заработать и потратить монету Kin изначально; например, пользователь может проводить простые опросы, чтобы заработать Kin и потратить его на цифровые товары, такие как подарочные карты.

В сентябре 2019 года генеральный директор и основатель Kik Тед Ливингстон объявил в своем блоге, что 19 октября 2019 года Kik Messenger будет закрыт, чтобы больше сосредоточиться на монете Kin, в то время как в продолжающейся судебной тяжбе с SEC . Он также объявил, что более 100 сотрудников будут уволены. [34] [35] [36] Однако 13 октября 2019 года было объявлено, что решение о закрытии Kik было отменено, и было объявлено, что приложение останется. [37] В октябре 2019 года Kik объявил в своем блоге, что Medialab приобрела Kik Messenger. [38] [39]

Особенности [ править ]

A main attraction of Kik that differentiates it from other messaging apps is its anonymity. To register for the Kik service, a user must enter a first and last name, e-mail address, and birth date (which must show that the user is at least 13 years old[40]), and select a username. The Kik registration process does not request or require the entry of a phone number (although the user has the option to enter one[40]), unlike some other messaging services that require a user to provide a functioning mobile phone number.[7]

The New York Times has reported that, according to law enforcement, Kik's anonymity features go beyond those of most widely used apps.[41] As of February 2016, Kik's guide for law enforcement said that the company cannot locate user accounts based on first and last name, e-mail address and/or birth date; the exact username is required to locate a particular account. The guide further said that the company does not have access to content or "historical user data" such as photographs, videos, and the text of conversations, and that photographs and videos are automatically deleted shortly after they are sent. A limited amount of data from a particular account (identified by exact username), including first and last name, birthdate, e-mail address, link to a current profile picture, device-related information, and user location information such as the most recently used IP address, can be preserved for a period of 90 days pending receipt of a valid order from law enforcement. Kik's anonymity has also been cited as a protective safety measure for good faith users, in that "users have screennames; the app doesn't share phone numbers or email addresses."[42]

Kik introduced several new user features in 2015, including a full-screen in-chat browser that allows users to find and share content from the web;[43] a feature allowing users to send previously recorded videos in Kik Messenger for Android and iOS; and "Kik Codes", which assigns each user a unique code similar to a QR code, making it easier to connect and chat with other users.[44] Kik joined the Virtual Global Taskforce, a global anti-child-abuse organization, in March 2015.[45] Kik began using Microsoft's PhotoDNA in March 2015 to premoderate images added by users.[7] That same month, Kik released native video capture allowing users to record up to 15 seconds in the chat window.[46] In October 2015, Kik partnered with the Ad Council as part of an anti-bullying campaign. The campaign was featured on the app and Kik released stickers in collaboration with the campaign.[47] Kik released a feature to send GIFs as emojis in November 2015.[48] Kik added SafePhoto to its safety features in October 2016 which "detects, reports, and deletes known child exploitation images" sent through the platform. Kik partnered with ConnectSafely in 2016 to produce a "parents handbook" and joined The Technology Coalition, an anti-sexual exploitation group including Facebook, Google, Twitter and LinkedIn.[49]

Bots[edit]

Kik added promoted chats in 2014, which used bots to converse with users about promoted brands through keywords activating responses. The feature allows companies to communicate with more potential clients than would be possible manually.[50] Promoted messages reach target audiences by gender, country and device.[51] In April 2016, Kik added a bot store to its app, which allows users to order food or products through an automated chat.[52][53] Third-party companies release bots which will access the company's offerings.[54] The bot shop added a web bubble (also known as "wubbles") feature to allow rich media content to be shared in conversation threads, as well as suggested responses and a feature allowing bots to be active in group threads.[55][56] An update, released in September 2016, added concierge bots which can give users tips, tutorials, or recommendations within a specific brand.[57]

Security[edit]

On November 4, 2014, Kik scored 1 out of 7 points on the Electronic Frontier Foundation's secure messaging scorecard. Kik received a point for encryption during transit but lost points because communications are not encrypted with a key to which the provider does not have access, users cannot verify contacts' identities, past messages are not secure if the encryption keys are stolen, the code is not open to independent review, the security design is not properly documented, and there had not been a recent independent security audit.[58][59]

Awards and recognition[edit]

On October 1, 2014, Sony Music and Kik Interactive were given a Smarties award by the Mobile Marketing Association (MMA) for their global music marketing campaign with One Direction.[60] In October 2016, company CEO Ted Livingston was recognized as Toronto's most brilliant tech innovator by Toronto Life for his work with Kik.[61] Livingston was also recognized for being one of the "Most Creative People in Business" on Fast Company's 2017 list.[62]

Controversies[edit]

Child exploitation[edit]

Child exploitation is prominent on Kik Messenger, causing law enforcement and the media to frequently express concerns about the app.[63][64] Automated spam bots have also been used to distribute explicit images and text over Kik Messenger.[65][66] A state law enforcement official interviewed by The New York Times in February 2016 identified Kik as "the problem app of the moment".[41] Police say they find Kik's response frustrating and one detective said obtaining information from Kik was a "bureaucratic nightmare". Constable Jason Cullum of Northamptonshire Police paedophile online investigation team stated delays in obtaining information from the company increased the risk to children. Cullum stated, "It's incredibly frustrating. We're banging our heads against a brick wall. There's a child that's going to be abused for probably another 12 months before we know who that is."[67]

Prior to 2015, Kik Interactive addressed this issue by informing parents and police about their options to combat child exploitation. In March 2015, the company adopted a more aggressive strategy by utilizing Microsoft's PhotoDNA cloud service to automatically detect, delete, and report the distribution of child exploitation images on its app.[68] (Some experts have noted that because PhotoDNA operates by comparing images against an existing database of exploitative images, it does not effectively prevent "realtime" online child abuse and may not detect material not yet added to its comparison database.[69]) Kik Interactive also began collaborating internationally with law enforcement by joining the Virtual Global Taskforce, a partnership between businesses, child protection agencies, and international police services that combats online child exploitation and abuse.[7][68] The company also sponsors an annual conference on crimes against children.[41]

Minors' use of Kik[edit]

Kik has been criticized for providing inadequate parental control over minors' use of the app. The ability to share messages without alerting parents has been noted as "one of the reasons why teens like Kik".[41] Parents cannot automatically view their child's Kik communications remotely from another device, but instead must have the password to their child's user account and view the communications on the same device used by their child.[70][40] As of February 2016, Kik's parents' guide stresses that teens between 13 and 18 should have a parent's permission to use Kik,[40][71] but there is no technical way to enforce the requirement or to guarantee that a minor will not enter a false birthdate.[71] Kik Interactive has said that it uses "typical" industry standards for age verification, that "perfect age verification" is "not plausible", and that the company deletes accounts of users under 13 when it finds them, or when a parent requests the deletion.[70]

Open-source module name[edit]

In March 2016, Kik Interactive was involved in a high-profile dispute over use of the name "kik" with independent code developer Azer Koçulu, the author of numerous open-source software modules published on npm, a package manager widely used by JavaScript projects to install dependencies. Koçulu had published an extension to Node.js on npm under the name "kik". Kik Interactive contacted him objecting to his use of the name, for which the company claimed intellectual property rights, and asked him to change the name. When Koçulu refused, Kik Interactive contacted npm management, who agreed to transfer ownership of the module to Kik without Koçulu's consent. Koçulu then unpublished all of his modules from npm, including a popular eleven-line code module called "left-pad" upon which many JavaScript projects depended. Although Koçulu subsequently published left-pad on GitHub, its sudden removal from npm caused many projects (including Kik itself) to stop working, due to their dependency on the Node and Babel packages.[72] In view of widespread software disruption, npm restored Koçulu's left-pad and made Cameron Westland of Autodesk its maintainer.[73] The incident sparked controversies over the assertion of intellectual property rights and the use of dependencies in software development.[72][74]

Cryptocurrency[edit]

Kin is an ERC-20 cryptocurrency token issued on the public Ethereum blockchain. Kin was first announced in early 2017[75][76] which marked a pivot in Kik's strategy, a response to difficulties faced from competing with larger social networks such as Facebook.[77] Kin was launched in September 2017 with an initial coin offering (ICO) raising $98 million from 10,000 participants.[78][79] The purpose of the token is to facilitate value transfers in digital services such as gaming applications and social media, and was initially launched on Kik Messenger to leverage the application's 15 million monthly active users.[80]

The enforcement division of the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission considers the cryptocurrency offering to have been an unregulated security issue and is expected to begin legal action against the company. Kik has challenged the SEC's ability to regulate cryptocurrencies.[81]

On September 7, 2017, only days before the Kin ICO, Kik announced that Canadian citizens would be barred from participating, citing weak guidance from the Ontario Securities Commission for the decision.[82] This partly suppressed participation in the ICO, with only $98 million raised of the $125 million goal.

By 2019 the value of Kin had fallen by 99%.[81] In the twelve months leading up to 3/29/2021, its value had grown about 6300%, or about 64 times its prior value.

See also[edit]

  • Comparison of cross-platform instant messaging clients

References[edit]

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External links[edit]

  • Official website