В этой статье перечислены музеи, которые ежегодно посещают более двух миллионов человек, по данным последних опросов посещаемости музеев. Музей определяется как здание или учреждение, предназначенное для приобретения, ухода, исследования и выставки многочисленных объектов, которые представляют наследие человечества и его окружающей среды. [1] [2] [3] [4] [5] [6] [7]
Критерии включения [ править ]
Основными источниками для этого списка являются Art Newspaper «s ежегодные выставки и музейные деятели посетителя, который включает в себя только художественные музеи; TEA / AECOM музей Index, который включает в себя только музеи в Восточной Азии, Австралии, Европе и Соединенных Штатах, а также музейные статистических данных , составляемых национальными учреждениями в странах , не всесторонне охватываемым первых двух источников, таких как Китай Администрация культурного наследия национального и Национальный институт антропологии и истории Мексики . Список включает художественные музеи, исторические музеи, музеи естествознания и научные музеи, но не включает археологические памятники, исторические памятники или многие дворцовые музеи .[a] Этот список обычно следует этому руководству, поэтому Версальский дворец , Петергофский дворец и Запретный город не включены, хотя на этих сайтах есть некоторые музейные коллекции. Такие дворцовые музеи входят в Список самых посещаемых дворцов и памятников . В список также входит одно место - музей Мевляны , мавзолей и религиозная святыня, которые правительство Турции классифицирует как музей. Он не включает собор Святой Софии , который турецкое правительство больше не классифицирует как музей с 2020 года.
Список [ править ]
Имя | Флаг страны, город | Посетителей в год | Отчетный год [b] |
---|---|---|---|
Лувр | Париж | 9 600 000 | 2019 [12] |
Национальный музей Китая | Пекин | 7 390 000 | 2019 [12] |
Музеи Ватикана | Ватикан | 6 882 931 | 2019 [12] |
Метрополитен-музей [c] | Нью-Йорк | 6 479 548 | 2019 [12] |
британский музей | Лондон | 6 239 983 | 2019 [12] |
Тейт Модерн | Лондон | 6 098 340 | 2019 [12] |
Национальная галерея | Лондон | 6 011 007 | 2019 [12] |
Natural History Museum | London | 5,424,000 | 2019[13] |
American Museum of Natural History | New York City | 5,000,000 | 2019[13] |
State Hermitage Museum | Saint Petersburg | 4,956,529 | 2019[12] |
Shanghai Science and Technology Museum | Shanghai | 4,824,000 | 2019[13] |
Museo Reina Sofía | Madrid | 4,425,699 | 2019[12] |
Guangdong Museum of Revolutionary History | Guangzhou | 4,257,100 | 2019[14] |
National Museum of Natural History | Washington, D.C. | 4,200,000 | 2019[13] |
Nanjing Museum | Nanjing | 4,169,000 | 2019[13] |
Zhejiang Museum | Hangzhou | 4,150,000 | 2019[13] |
National Gallery of Art | Washington, D.C. | 4,074,403 | 2019[12] |
Victoria and Albert Museum | London | 3,992,198 | 2019[15] |
China Science and Technology Museum | Beijing | 3,891,000 | 2019[13] |
Military Museum of the Chinese People's Revolution | Beijing | 3,870,000 | 2019[14] |
National Palace Museum[d] | Taipei | 3,832,373 | 2019[15] |
Shenzhen Museum | Shenzhen | 3,826,000 | 2019[14] |
Musée d'Orsay | Paris | 3,651,616 | 2019[15] |
Museo del Prado | Madrid | 3,497,345 | 2019[15] |
Mevlana Museum | Konya | 3,464,155 | 2019[11] |
Xi'an Museum | Xi'an | 3,420,000 | 2019[13] |
National Museum of Korea | Seoul | 3,354,161 | 2019[15] |
Centre Pompidou | Paris | 3,273,867 | 2019[15] |
London Science Museum | London | 3,254,000 | 2019[13] |
National Air and Space Museum | Washington, D.C. | 3,200,000 | 2019[13] |
Tianjin Natural History Museum | Tianjin | 3,150,000 | 2019[13] |
Hunan Museum | Changsha | 3,140,000 | 2019[13] |
Moscow Kremlin Museums | Moscow | 3,101,550 | 2019[15] |
National Museum of Anthropology | Mexico City | 3,086,555 | 2019[16] |
National Taiwan Science Education Center | Taipei | 3,000,000 | 2019[13] |
Royal Museums Greenwich | London | 2,906,000 | 2019[17] |
Shaanxi History Museum | Xi'an | 2,900,000 | 2019[13] |
Tokyo Metropolitan Art Museum | Tokyo | 2,873,806 | 2019[15] |
Somerset House | London | 2,841,772 | 2019[15] |
Tretyakov Gallery | Moscow | 2,835,836 | 2019[15] |
National Museum of History | Mexico City | 2,811,646 | 2019[16] |
National Museum of American History | Washington, D.C. | 2,800,000 | 2019[13] |
Rijksmuseum | Amsterdam | 2,700,000 | 2019[15] |
Tokyo National Museum | Tokyo | 2,684,754 | 2019[15] |
National Museum of Natural Science | Taichung | 2,650,000 | 2019[13] |
Chongqing Museum of Natural History | Chongqing | 2,624,700 | 2019[14] |
Centro Cultural Banco do Brasil | Rio de Janeiro | 2,606,999 | 2019[15] |
Shanghai Natural History Museum | Shanghai | 2,549,000 | 2019[13] |
National Museum of Nature and Science | Tokyo | 2,460,000 | 2019[13] |
Zhejiang Museum of Natural History | Hangzhou | 2,443,000 | 2019[13] |
NGV International | Melbourne | 2,432,883 | 2019[15] |
Hubei Provincial Museum | Wuhan | 2,400,000 | 2019[13] |
Russian Museum | Saint Petersburg | 2,394,400 | 2019[15] |
Cité des Sciences et de l'Industrie | Paris | 2,370,000 | 2019[13] |
Galleria degli Uffizi | Florence | 2,361,732 | 2019[15] |
Inner Mongolia Museum | Hohhot | 2,361,000 | 2019[14] |
Auschwitz-Birkenau State Museum | Oświęcim | 2,320,000 | 2019[18] |
Three Gorges Museum | Chongqing | 2,301,900 | 2019[14] |
National Folk Museum of Korea | Seoul | 2,286,276 | 2019[15] |
Liaoning Provincial Museum | Shenyang | 2,280,000 | 2019[14] |
Chengdu Museum | Chengdu | 2,259,000 | 2019[14] |
Guangdong Museum | Guangzhou | 2,234,800 | 2019[14] |
Wenzhou Museum | Wenzhou | 2,229,900 | 2019[14] |
National Museum of Scotland | Edinburgh | 2,210,024 | 2019[15] |
California Science Center | Los Angeles | 2,200,000 | 2019[13] |
Van Gogh Museum | Amsterdam | 2,100,000 | 2019[15] |
Kraków Saltworks Museum | Wieliczka | 2,078,544 | 2019[19] |
Shanghai Museum | Shanghai | 2,070,270 | 2019[15] |
Suzhou Museum | Suzhou | 2,030,000 | 2019[14] |
National Museum of African American History and Culture | Washington, D.C. | 2,000,000 | 2019[13] |
See also[edit]
- List of most visited art museums
- List of most visited museums by region
- List of largest art museums
- List of most visited palaces and monuments
- List of most visited museums in the Netherlands
- List of most visited museums in the United Kingdom
Notes[edit]
- ^ Some well-attended palace museums are not included in either the Art Newspaper or TEA/AECOM lists, although they are sometimes classified as museums by their respective national cultural agencies. These include Beijing's Forbidden City (which, with more than 19 million visitors in 2019, was ranked as the most-visited museum by the China Daily News Agency[8]); the Palace of Versailles (8,132,518 visitors in 2018);[9] Peterhof Palace (5,714,700 visitors in 2018), which is formally classified either as a "Дворцо́во-па́рковый анса́мбль, or Palace-Park Ensemble" or as a "Museum-Park Ensemble" by the Russian Ministry of Culture;[10] the Museum of King John III's Palace at Wilanów (3,151,385 visitors in 2018);[9] and Istanbul's Topkapı Palace (2,364,946 visitors in 2019).[11]
- ^ Some museums in Italy and Asia were closed because of the Coronavirus in Spring 2020 when the Art Newspaper was conducting its survey. In those cases, the list shows the reported 2018 attendance figures instead of the 2019 figures. The American Museum of Natural History in New York was closed for renovation during much of 2019. The list shows the 2018 attendance.
- ^ Includes visitors at the main Metropolitan Museum of Art and the Met Cloisters, but not the visitors recorded at the Met Breuer.[12]
- ^ Includes only the visitors recorded at the main museum in Taipei, and not visitors recorded at the Southern Branch.
References[edit]
- ^ "Definition of MUSEUM". www.merriam-webster.com. Retrieved 5 June 2019.
- ^ "Museum Definition - ICOM". icom.museum. Retrieved 5 June 2019.
- ^ "MUSEUM | definition in the Cambridge English Dictionary". dictionary.cambridge.org. Retrieved 5 June 2019.
- ^ "museum | Definition of museum in English by Oxford Dictionaries". Oxford Dictionaries | English. Retrieved 5 June 2019.
- ^ "Museum definition and meaning | Collins English Dictionary". www.collinsdictionary.com. Retrieved 5 June 2019.
- ^ "museum | Definition, History, Types, & Operation". Encyclopedia Britannica. Retrieved 5 June 2019.
- ^ "museum (noun) American English definition and synonyms | Macmillan Dictionary". www.macmillandictionary.com. Retrieved 5 June 2019.
- ^ "Beijing's Forbidden City ranks most visited museum in the world". China Daily. 5 January 2020. Retrieved 15 August 2020. CS1 maint: discouraged parameter (link)
- ^ a b "5 most visited museums". European Group on Museum Statistics. 2018. Retrieved 28 July 2019. CS1 maint: discouraged parameter (link)
- ^ "Музеи. Статистическая информация". Ministry of Culture of Russia. 2019. Retrieved 5 June 2019. CS1 maint: discouraged parameter (link)
- ^ a b "Top 10: Turkey's most-visited museums in 2019". Yeni Şafak. 12 February 2020. Retrieved 15 August 2020. CS1 maint: discouraged parameter (link)
- ^ a b c d e f g h i j k "Art's Most Popular: here are 2019's most visited shows and museums". The Art Newspaper. 31 March 2020. Retrieved 25 June 2020. CS1 maint: discouraged parameter (link)
- ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u v w "TEA/AECOM 2019 Theme Index and Museum Index Report" (PDF). 2020.
- ^ a b c d e f g h i j k "2019年度全国博物馆名录" (PDF) (in Chinese). National Cultural Heritage Administration. 13 May 2020.
- ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t "Top 100 Art museum attendance". The Art Newspaper (322). April 2020. p. 15.
- ^ a b "Estadística de Visitantes" (in Spanish). INAH. Retrieved 15 August 2020. CS1 maint: discouraged parameter (link)
- ^ "Latest Visitor Figures". Association of Leading Visitor Attractions. Retrieved 15 August 2019. CS1 maint: discouraged parameter (link)
- ^ "2,32 miliona odwiedzających Miejsce Pamięci Auschwitz w 2019 r." Auschwitz-Birkenau State Museum (in Polish). 7 January 2020.
- ^ GUS. "Kultura w 2019 roku". stat.gov.pl (in Polish). Retrieved 23 January 2021.