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Черный дозор (Королевский высокогорный полк) Канады
Blackwatch 72.jpg
Кепка нашивка полка
Активный31 января 1862 г. - настоящее время
СтранаПровинция Канады (1862–1867 гг.)
Канада (1867 г. - настоящее время)
ВеткаКанадская армия
ТипЛинейная пехота
РольЛегкая роль
РазмерБатальон
Часть34 канадская бригадная группа
Гарнизон / ШтабОружейная палата Black Watch , Монреаль, Квебек
Девиз (ы)Латинский : Nemo me impune lacessit , букв.  'Никто меня безнаказанно не провоцирует'
маршироватьБыстрый: " Hielan 'Laddie "
Медленный: "Красный Хакл"
Веб-сайтОфициальный веб-сайт
Командиры
ПолковникЧарльз, принц Уэльский
Почетный полковникПолковник Брюс Болтон, МММ, CD
Почетный подполковникПодполковник Джонатан Биркс
Текущий командующийПодполковник Дж. Б. Ф. Рой, КД
Полковой сержант-майорСтарший прапорщик Ф. Мамен, КД
Знаки отличия
Взломатькрасный
ТартанПравительство

Black Watch (Royal Highland Regiment) из Канады является резервной пехоты полка в 34 канадской бригады группы , 2 - й канадской дивизии , в канадской армии . Полк расположен на Блери-стрит в Монреале , Квебек , Канада , и в настоящее время им командует подполковник Дж. Б. Ф. Рой, штат Калифорния. В оружейном полке был назначен Национальным историческим Канады в 2008 году [1] [2] Они старший канадско-шотландский полк .

История [ править ]

Добровольцы служили с момента основания полка в Монреале 31 января 1862 года в составе 5-го батальона добровольческих стрелковых ополченцев Канады. [3] Рост американской военной мощи во время Гражданской войны коснулся Канады. Правительство санкционировало формирование полков ополчения. Каждый из шести монреальских шотландских вождей ответил, подняв пехотную роту для 5-го батальона. В итоге было создано восемь компаний. [3] С тех пор тысячи канадских граждан служили в Black Watch. В дополнение к службе во время фенийских набегов, они участвовали в Великой войне и Второй мировой войне; усиление операций НАТО в Европе и миротворческой деятельности ООН во всем мире; и помогали своим собратьям-канадцам дома во время ледяной бури 1998 года (операция «ПОМОЩЬ») и наводнения 2011, 2017 и 2019 годов в Квебеке (операция LENTUS).

Черный дозор (Королевский высокогорный полк) Канады [ править ]

  • Возник 31 января 1862 года в Монреале, Восточная Канада, в составе 5-го батальона добровольческих ополченцев, Канада.
  • Переопределен 7 ноября 1862 года в 5-й батальон «Королевской легкой пехоты Монреаля».
  • Переименован 19 ноября 1875 года в 5-й батальон «Королевских стрелков».
  • Переименован 27 февраля 1880 года в 5-й батальон «Королевских шотландских стрелков».
  • Переопределен 29 февраля 1884 года в 5-й батальон «Королевские шотландцы Канады».
  • Переопределен 8 мая 1900 года в 5-й полк «Королевские шотландцы Канады».
  • Переопределен 2 мая 1904 года в 5-й полк «Королевские шотландцы Канады, горцы».
  • Переопределен 1 октября 1906 года в 5-й полк «Королевских горцев Канады».
  • Переименован 29 марта 1920 года в Королевские горцы Канады.
  • С 1 января 1930 года переименован в Чёрные дозоры (Королевские горцы) Канады.
  • С 1 июля 1935 года переименован в Черные дозорные (Королевский высокогорный полк) Канады.
  • 16 октября 1953 года объединились с 1-м канадским высокогорным батальоном и 2-м канадским высокогорным батальоном, которые стали 1-м и 2-м батальонами соответственно, а резервный компонент полка стал 3-м батальоном.
  • 1 июля 1970 г. 1-й и 2-й батальоны были сокращены до нуля и переведены в Дополнительный боевой порядок, а батальон резервных сил автоматически отказался от своего численного обозначения. [4]

1-й канадский высокогорный батальон [ править ]

  • Возникла 4 мая 1951 года в Валькартье, Квебек.
  • Объединен 16 октября 1953 года с Черными дозорами (Королевский высокогорный полк) Канады и переименован в 1-й батальон Черных дозорных (Королевский высокогорный полк) Канады [4]

2-й канадский высокогорный батальон [ править ]

  • Возникла 10 апреля 1952 года в Олдершоте, Новая Шотландия.
  • 16 октября 1953 г. объединился с Черными дозорами (Королевский высокогорный полк) Канады и переименован во 2-й батальон «Черных дозоров» (Королевский высокогорный полк) Канады [4]

Увековечение [ править ]

Война 1812 года [ править ]

  • 5-й батальон, отборное ополчение. [4]

Великая война [ править ]

  • 13-й батальон (Королевские горцы Канады), CEF
  • 42-й батальон (Королевские горцы Канады), CEF
  • 73-й батальон (Королевские горцы Канады), CEF [4]

История операций [ править ]

Фенианские набеги [ править ]

5-й батальон Королевской легкой пехоты Канады был призван на действительную службу 8 марта 1866 года и служил на юго-восточной границе до 31 марта 1866 года. Батальон снова был призван на действительную службу. 24 мая 1870 г. снова служил на юго-восточной границе, пока не был снят с действующей службы 31 мая 1870 г. [4]

Южноафриканская война [ править ]

Полк не участвовал в англо-бурской войне в Южной Африке, но предоставил добровольцев для различных канадских подразделений, в основном для 2-го батальона (специальной службы) Королевского канадского пехотного полка. [4]

Великая война [ править ]

Отличительная нашивка 13-го батальона (Королевские горцы Канады), CEF
The distinguishing patch of the 42nd Battalion (Royal Highlanders of Canada), CEF

Details of the 5th Regiment, Royal Highlanders of Canada, were placed on active service on 6 August 1914 for local protective duty.

The 13th Battalion (Royal Highlanders of Canada), CEF, was authorized on 1 September 1914 and embarked for Great Britain on 26 September 1914, disembarking in France on 16 February 1915, where it fought as part of the 3rd Infantry Brigade, 1st Canadian Division in France and Flanders until the end of the war. The 13th Battalion was disbanded on 15 September 1920.

The 42nd Battalion (Royal Highlanders of Canada), CEF, was authorized on 7 November 1914 and embarked for Great Britain on 10 June 1915, disembarking in France on 9 October 1915, where it fought as part of the 7th Infantry Brigade, 3rd Canadian Division in France and Flanders until the end of the war. The battalion was disbanded on 15 September 1920.

The 73rd Battalion (Royal Highlanders of Canada), CEF, was authorized on 10 July 1915 and embarked for Great Britain on 31 March 1916, disembarking in France on 13 August 1916, where it fought as part of the 12th Infantry Brigade, 4th Canadian Division until 9 April 1917 when it was withdrawn from the line after Vimy and was disbanded, its personnel used as replacements for other units. The battalion was officially disbanded on 19 April 1917.[4]

The distinguishing patch of the 73rd Battalion (Royal Highlanders of Canada), CEF

  • Black Watch, 1925

  • Black Watch, 1925

Second World War[edit]

The 2nd Battalion was called out on service on 26 August 1939 and details of the battalion were placed on active service on 1 September 1939, as the 2nd Battalion, The Black Watch (Royal Highland Regiment) of Canada, CASF (Details), for local protection duties. These details were disbanded on 31 December 1940.

The regiment mobilized the 1st Battalion, The Black Watch (Royal Highland Regiment) of Canada, CASF, on 1 September 1939. This unit, which served in Newfoundland from 22 June to 11 August 1940, embarked for Great Britain on 25 August 1940. Three platoons took part in the raid on Dieppe on 19 August 1942. On 6 July 1944, the battalion landed in France as part of the 5th Infantry Brigade, 2nd Canadian Infantry Division, and it continued to fight in North West Europe until the end of the war. The overseas battalion was disbanded on 30 November 1945.

The regiment subsequently mobilized the 2nd Battalion, The Black Watch (Royal Highland Regiment) of Canada, CASF, on 18 March 1942. This unit served in Canada in a home defence role as part of Atlantic Command until it was disbanded on 15 August 1943.

The 1st Battalion, Black Watch was brigaded with Le Régiment de Maisonneuve and Les Fusiliers Mont-Royal of the Second Canadian Division; however, the FMR were replaced with The Calgary Highlanders in the 5th Brigade in 1940.

The 1st Battalion suffered more casualties than any other Canadian infantry battalion in Northwest Europe according to figures published in The Long Left Flank by Jeffrey Williams. Disaster seemed to follow the unit;

  • On the voyage to France on the day of the Dieppe Raid, casualties were suffered by the unit during a grenade priming accident on board their ship, HMS Duke of Wellington.
  • During the Battle of Verrières Ridge on 25 July 1944, 325 men left the start line and only 15 made it back to friendly lines, the others being killed or wounded by well-entrenched Waffen SS soldiers and tanks.
  • On 13 October 1944 – known as Black Friday by the Black Watch – the regiment put in an assault near Hoogerheide during the Battle of the Scheldt in which all four company commanders were killed, and one company of 90 men was reduced to just four survivors.
The camp flag of The Black Watch (Royal Highland Regiment) of Canada

Post-Second World War[edit]

On 4 May 1951, the regiment mobilized two temporary Active Force companies designated, "E" and "F" Companies. "E" Company was reduced to nil strength upon its personnel being incorporated into the 1st Canadian Highland Battalion for service in Germany with the North Atlantic Treaty Organization. It was disbanded on 29 July 1953. "F" Company was initially used as a replacement pool for "E" Company. On 15 May 1952, it was reduced to nil strength, upon its personnel being absorbed by the 2nd Canadian Highland Battalion for service in Korea with the United Nations. "F" Company was disbanded on 29 July 1953.

The 1st Canadian Highland Battalion originated in Valcartier, Quebec on 4 May 1951. On 16 October 1953, it was redesignated the 1st Battalion, The Black Watch (Royal Highland Regiment) of Canada.

The 2nd Canadian Highland Battalion originated in Aldershot, Nova Scotia on 10 April 1952. On 16 October 1953, it was redesignated the 2nd Battalion, The Black Watch (Royal Highland Regiment) of Canada.

The 2nd Battalion, commanded by Lt.-Col. R.M. Ross, served in Korea as part of 25th Canadian Infantry Brigade following the armistice from 29 October 1953 to 3 November 1954.[5]

On 1 July 1970, when the 1st and 2nd Battalions were reduced to nil strength and transferred to the Supplementary Order of Battle, the Reserve Force battalion automatically relinquished its numerical designation.

Battle honours[edit]

The regimental colour of The Black Watch (Royal Highland Regiment) of Canada.

In the list below, battle honours in capitals were awarded for participation in large operations and campaigns, while those in lowercase indicate honours granted for more specific battles. Battle honours in bold type are authorized to be emblazoned on regimental colours.

War of 1812[edit]

  • CHÂTEAUGUAY[6]
  • DEFENCE OF CANADA – 1812–1815 – DÉFENSE DU CANADA[7]

South African War[edit]

  • SOUTH AFRICA, 1899–1900

The Great War[edit]

  • YPRES, 1915, '17
  • Gravenstafel
  • St. Julien
  • FESTUBERT, 1915
  • MOUNT SORREL
  • SOMME, 1916
  • Pozières
  • Flers-Courcelette
  • Thiepval
  • Ancre Heights
  • Ancre, 1916
  • ARRAS, 1917, '18
  • Vimy, 1917
  • Arleux
  • Scarpe, 1917, '18
  • HILL 70
  • Passchendaele
  • AMIENS
  • Drocourt-Quéant
  • HINDENBURG LINE
  • Canal du Nord
  • PURSUIT TO MONS
  • FRANCE AND FLANDERS, 1915–18

The Second World War[edit]

  • BOURGUÉBUS RIDGE
  • Faubourg de Vaucelles
  • Verrières Ridge–Tilly-la-Campagne
  • FALAISE
  • Clair Tizon

'Forêt de la Londe

  • Dunkirk, 1944
  • Antwerp–Turnhout Canal
  • THE SCHELDT
  • Woensdrecht
  • South Beveland
  • Walcheren Causeway
  • THE RHINELAND
  • The Hochwald
  • Xanten
  • THE RHINE
  • Groningen
  • Oldenburg
  • NORTH-WEST EUROPE, 1944–1945

War in Afghanistan[edit]

  • AFGHANISTAN[8]

Victoria Cross recipients[edit]

Black Watch tartan, also known as the "Government sett".
  • Lance Corporal Frederick Fisher †
13th Battalion, Canadian Expeditionary Force
St. Julien, Belgium
23 April 1915
  • Corporal Herman James Good
13th Battalion, Canadian Expeditionary Force
near Amiens, France
8 August 1918
  • Private John Bernard Croak †
13th Battalion, Canadian Expeditionary Force
Amiens, France
8 August 1918
  • Private Thomas Dinesen
42nd Battalion, Canadian Expeditionary Force
Parvillers (near Amiens), France
12 August 1918

† - Awarded posthumously

Pipes and drums[edit]

Pipers of the band in a 1925 parade.
At the Montreal St. Patrick's Day Parade in 2017.

The Black Watch of Canada Pipes and Drums is the oldest organized pipe band in North America and the Canadian Army. It has, over the years, been consistently ranked among the top Canadian Forces bands in all rated categories. It is officially part of the Black Watch. It is currently located in Montreal. The Pipe Major is currently Adam Wilson and the Drum Major is Hugues Vanden Abeele. It is a descendant of the 42nd Battalion Royal Highlanders of Canada Pipes and Drums, which was active during the First World War.[9]

Activities[edit]

The Pipes and Drums have appeared at many events over the years, with appearances including The Ed Sullivan Show, military tattoos and highland games throughout North America (including games in Fort Ticonderoga, Miami, and the Stone Mountain Highland Games and Tattoo near Atlanta). The Black Watch have played at the United States Bicentennial in 1976 and for the Trooping of the Colour in London. It was the only foreign band to march in the parade celebrating the Bicentennial of the American Constitution and was one of many bands at the Queen Elizabeth The Queen Mother's 90th and 100th Birthday celebrations on Horse Guards Parade.[10]

Traditions[edit]

As members of a royal regiment, the pipers wear the Royal Stewart tartan, which is the tartan of the current monarch.The regimental drummers wear the Government tartan, which came to be known as the Black Watch tartan due to its dark hue.

Alliances[edit]

  •  United Kingdom - Royal Regiment of Scotland

BCS #2 Cadet Corps[edit]

Bishop's College School (BCS) Cadet Corps #2, the oldest continuous service corps in Canada, was formed in 1861 as the Volunteer Rifle Company in the Fenian Raids by the BCS Rector/BU Principal Rev. Dr. Thomas Adams (Oxford). The Cadets crops have historically grown many military leaders such as Andrew McNaughton, Commander-in-chief, and the minister of national defense of Canada during WWII.

BCS Annual Cadet Inspection

BCS, the private co-ed secondary school has been affiliated with the Black Watch (Royal Highland Regiment) of Canada since 1936 and also with the Royal Canadian Army Cadets in 1879.[11] Over 120 former students are sacrificed in World War I, World War II and the Korean War.

In early May each year, the Corps sends two platoons and the Colour Party to march with the Regiment in their Church Parade. The Annual Corps review is held on the Friday of May long weekend; this event includes demonstrations by the drill team and the cadet band. Today, the Corps plays a major role in the lives of students, schools, and communities. The program, compulsory for all students, is organized and run almost entirely by senior cadets and Black Watch officers. Instruction is given in skills such as first aid, outdoor survival, shooting, archery, and service-type activities and focuses on leadership education.[4] Returning cadets carry out and organize a number of service-orientated activities.

Music[edit]

Gallant Black Watch, a Scotch style march and two-step, was composed by Bert L. Billings and published in Toronto by Whaley, Royce & Co., circa 1906.[12]

See also[edit]

  • Black Friday (1944)
  • The Canadian Crown and the Canadian Forces
  • List of Canadian organizations with royal patronage

Order of precedence[edit]

Preceded by
The Queen's Own Rifles of Canada		 The Black Watch (Royal Highland Regiment) of CanadaSucceeded by
Les Voltigeurs de Québec

References[edit]

  1. ^ "The Black Watch (Royal Highland Regiment) of Canada Armoury". Directory of Designations of National Historic Significance of Canada. Parks Canada. Retrieved 29 July 2011.
  2. ^ Black Watch (Royal Highland Regiment) of Canada Armoury. Canadian Register of Historic Places. Retrieved 29 July 2011.
  3. ^ a b Terry Copp (31 October 2007). The Brigade: The Fifth Canadian Infantry Brigade in World War II. Stackpole Books. pp. 11–. ISBN 978-0-8117-3422-6. Retrieved 6 June 2011.
  4. ^ a b c d e f g h i Canadian Forces Publication A-DH-267-003 Insignia and Lineages of the Canadian Forces. Volume 3: Combat Arms Regiments.
  5. ^ Strange Battleground: The Operations In Korea And Their Effects On The Defence Policy Of Canada By Lt.-Col. Herbert Fairlie Wood, Queen’s Printer and Controller Of Stationery, Ottawa, 1966
  6. ^ "War of 1812 Battle Honours". Department of National Defence. 14 September 2012. Archived from the original on 22 May 2013. Retrieved 17 September 2012.
  7. ^ "The Creation of the Commemorative Theatre Honour and Honorary Distinction "Defence of Canada – 1812-1815 – Défense du Canada"". Department of National Defence. 14 September 2012. Archived from the original on 22 May 2013. Retrieved 17 September 2012.
  8. ^ "South-West Asia Theatre Honours". Office of the Prime Minister of Canada. Archived from the original on 12 May 2014. Retrieved 11 May 2014.
  9. ^ Powell, Lawrence. "100 years later Hampton man to lead Black Watch pipe band re-enactment in Belgium | SaltWire". www.saltwire.com.
  10. ^ "The Black Watch (Royal Highland Regiment) of Canada - Pipes & Drums". www.blackwatchcanada.com.
  11. ^ "The Black Watch (Royal Highland Regiment) of Canada - Cadets - Bishop's College School". www.blackwatchcanada.com.
  12. ^ "Gallant Black Watch". Amicus.collectionscanada.gc.ca. Retrieved 9 January 2012.

Bibliography[edit]

  • Ducimus, The Regiments of the Canadian Infantry. St. Hubert, Quebec, Canada: Mobile Command Headquarters, Canadian Armed Forces. 1992. p. 248p. ISBN 0-9696421-0-5.
  • Earl John Chapman "Black Watch of Canada: The Early Years 1862-1878" Montreal : Black Watch (Royal Highland Regiment), 2006.
  • Earl John Chapman "Canada's Black Watch: Legacies of Gallantry and Service Canada's Black Watch, 1862-2012" Montreal : Black Watch (Royal Highland Regiment), 2012. ISBN 978-0-9782507-3-7
  • Earl John Chapman "Not Every One A Castle: Regimental Homes of Canada's Black Watch" Montreal : Black Watch (Royal Highland Regiment), 2006.
  • Brian Cuthbertson "The Black Watch story : Atlantic Canada's Regiment 1951-1970" (Halifax : Brian Cuthbertson, 2007)
  • Simon Falconer "Canada's Black Watch: An Illustrated History of the Regular Force Battalions 1951-1970" (Fredericton, N.B. : Goose Lane Editions, ©2008)
  • R.C. Fetherstonhaugh "The 13th Battalion Royal Highlanders of Canada, 1914-18"
  • Col Paul Phelps Hutchison "The 73rd Battalion: Royal Highlanders of Canada, 1915-1917" (Bloomfield, Ont. : Museum Restoration Service, 1987)
  • Col Paul Phelps Hutchison "The 73rd Battalion: Royal Highlanders of Canada, 1915-1917" (Montreal : Royal Highlanders of Canada, 2011)
  • Col Paul Phelps Hutchison "Canada's black watch : the first 100 years, 1862-1962" (Montreal : Black Watch of Canada, 1987)
  • James Wilson Knox "The Black Watch (Royal Highland Regiment) of Canada; the regimental book" (Montreal Regimental Headquarters, the Regimental Armoury: 1965)
  • H. Rees "The Royal Highlanders of Canada allied with the Black Watch (Royal Highlanders), Montreal, Quebec, Canada, 1862-1918." (London, H. Rees, 1918.)
  • W W Murray "Black Watch at Ticonderoga: Canadians in Dunsterforce: Military articles by director of military intelligence 1940-1946
  • Brian Pascas "Mud, Blood, and Rum: A Year in the Trenches with the 42nd Bn" (General Store)
  • Victoria Schofield "The Highland Furies: The Black Watch (1739-1899)"
  • Lieut.-Colonel C.B. Topp "The 42nd Battalion, C.E.F. Royal Highlanders of Canada in the Great War"

External links[edit]

  • Official website
  • The Black Watch regimental website
  • Regimental Museum and Archives
  • The Black Watch – official lineage
  • History and Uniform of the Black Watch (Royal Highland Regiment) of Canada, 1862 to 1970
  • Black Watch Pipes And Drums – Ed Sullivan Show

Coordinates: 45°30′28″N 73°34′11″W / 45.5079°N 73.5697°W / 45.5079; -73.5697