Ицхак Рабин

Рабин ( / г ə б я п / ; [1] иврит : יִצְחָק רַבִּין , IPA:  [jitsχak ʁabin] ( слушать )Об этом звуке ; 1 марта 1922 - 4 ноября 1995) был израильский политик, государственный и вообще. Он был пятым премьер-министром Израиля , находясь у власти два срока с 1974 по 77 годы и с 1992 года до своего убийства в 1995 году.

Ицхак Рабин
Flickr - Армия обороны Израиля - Жизнь генерал-лейтенанта Ицхака Рабина, седьмого начальника штаба ЦАХАЛа на фотографиях (11) .jpg
Рабин в 1994 году
5 - й премьер-министр Израиля
Занимал должность
13 июля 1992 г. - 4 ноября 1995 г.
Президент
ПредшествуетИцхак Шамир
ПреемникШимон Перес
Занимал должность
3 июня 1974 г. - 22 апреля 1977 г.
ПрезидентЕфрем Кацир
ПредшествуетГолда Меир
ПреемникШимон Перес (исполняющий обязанности)
10-й министр обороны
Занимал должность
13 июля 1992 г. - 4 ноября 1995 г.
премьер-министрСам
ПредшествуетМоше Аренс
ПреемникШимон Перес
Занимал должность
13 сентября 1984 г. - 15 марта 1990 г.
премьер-министр
ПредшествуетМоше Аренс
ПреемникМоше Аренс
Личные данные
Родившийся( 1922-03-01 )1 марта 1922 г.,
Иерусалим , Подмандатная Палестина
Умер4 ноября 1995 г. (1995-11-04)(73 года)
Тель-Авив , Израиль
Причина смертиУбийство
НациональностьИзраильский
Политическая партияМировоззрение , Лейбористская партия
Супруг (а)
​
( м.  1948 г.) ​
Дети
ПрофессияВоенный офицер
Подпись
Военная служба
Верность Израиль
Филиал / служба Силы обороны Израиля Хагана
Годы службы1941–1967
КлассифицироватьЗвания ЦАХАЛа Ra'al.svg Рав Алуф
Битвы / войныСирийско-ливанская кампания Восстание
евреев в подмандатной Палестине
Арабо-израильская война 1948 года
Шестидневная война

Рабин родился в Иерусалиме в семье еврейских иммигрантов из Восточной Европы и вырос в семье лейбористов-сионистов . Он изучал сельское хозяйство в школе и хорошо учился. Он провел 27-летнюю карьеру военного. Подростком он присоединился к Пальмах , отряду коммандос ишува . В конце концов он поднялся по служебной лестнице и стал руководителем операции во время арабо-израильской войны 1948 года . Он присоединился к недавно сформированным Силам обороны Израиля в конце 1948 года и продолжал расти как многообещающий офицер. Он помог сформировать учебную доктрину ЦАХАЛа в начале 1950-х и возглавлял Оперативное управление ЦАХАЛа с 1959 по 1963 год. Он был назначен начальником Генерального штаба в 1964 году и руководил победой Израиля в Шестидневной войне 1967 года .

Рабин был послом Израиля в США с 1968 по 1973 год, в период углубления американо-израильских отношений . Он был назначен премьер-министром Израиля в 1974 году после отставки Голды Меир . В свой первый срок Рабин подписал Синайское временное соглашение и приказал совершить набег на Энтеббе . Он ушел в отставку в 1977 году после финансового скандала. Рабин был министром обороны Израиля на протяжении большей части 1980-х годов, в том числе во время начала Первой интифады .

В 1992 году Рабин был переизбран премьер-министром на платформе, поддерживающей израильско-палестинский мирный процесс . Он подписал несколько исторических соглашений с палестинским руководством в рамках соглашений Осло . В 1994 году Рабин получил Нобелевскую премию мира вместе с давним политическим соперником Шимоном Пересом и палестинским лидером Ясиром Арафатом . Рабин также подписал мирный договор с Иорданией в 1994 году. В ноябре 1995 года он был убит экстремистом по имени Игаль Амир , который выступал против условий соглашений Осло. Амир был признан виновным в убийстве Рабина и приговорен к пожизненному заключению . Рабин был первым премьер-министром Израиля по рождению , единственным убитым премьер-министром и вторым после Леви Эшколя, умершим при исполнении служебных обязанностей . Рабин стал символом израильско-палестинского мирного процесса.

История семьи

Рабин в младенчестве с мамой

Рабин родился в Медицинском центре Шаарей Цедек в Иерусалиме 1 марта 1922 года, Подмандатная Палестина , в семье Неемии (1886 - 1 декабря 1971) и Розы (урожденной Коэн; 1890 - 12 ноября 1937) Рабина, иммигрантов Третьей алии , третьей волны. еврейской иммиграции в Палестину из Европы. Неемия родилась Неемия Rubitzov в местечковой Sydorovychi вблизи Иванькова в южной оседлости (ныне Украина ). [2] Его отец Менахем умер, когда он был мальчиком, и Неемия работал, чтобы содержать свою семью с раннего возраста. В 18 лет эмигрировал в США, где вступил в партию Поале Цион и сменил фамилию на Рабин. В 1917 году Неемия Рабин отправился в Подмандатную Палестину с группой добровольцев из Еврейского легиона .

Мать Ицхака, Роза Коэн, родилась в 1890 году в Могилеве, Беларусь. Ее отец, раввин , выступил против сионистского движения и отправил Розу в христианскую гимназию для девочек в Гомеле , которая дала ей широкое общее образование. Вначале Роза интересовалась политическими и социальными причинами. В 1919 году она отправилась в Палестину на пароходе « Руслан» . После работы в кибуце на берегу Галилейского моря она переехала в Иерусалим. [3]

Родители Рабина встретились в Иерусалиме во время беспорядков в Неби Мусе в 1920 году . [4] Они переехали в Тель-Авив на улицу Членов недалеко от Яффо в 1923 году. Неемия стал рабочим Палестинской электротехнической корпорации, а Роза была бухгалтером и местным активистом. Она стала членом городского совета Тель-Авива. [5] Семья снова переехала в 1931 году в двухкомнатную квартиру на улице Хамагид в Тель-Авиве. [6]

ранняя жизнь и образование

Внешнее видео
video icon Booknotes интервью с внучкой Рабина Ноа Бен Artzi-Pelossof на своей книге о Рабина, Во имя Скорбящей и Надежда , 26 мая 1996 , C-SPAN
Рабин незадолго до прихода в Пальмах

Рабин вырос в Тель-Авиве , куда семья переехала, когда ему был год. Он поступил в Тель-Авивский Бейт Хинух Лейалдей Овдим (בית חינוך לילדי עובדים, «Школа для детей рабочих») в 1928 году и закончил там свое обучение в 1935 году. В школе детей обучали сельскому хозяйству, а также сионизму. [7] Рабин в основном получал хорошие оценки в школе, но он был настолько застенчив, что мало кто знал, что он умен. [8]

В 1935 году Рабин поступил в сельскохозяйственную школу в кибуце Гиват Хашлоша, которую основала его мать. Именно здесь в 1936 году в возрасте 14 лет Рабин присоединился к Хагане и получил свою первую военную подготовку, научившись пользоваться пистолетом и стоять на страже. Он присоединился к социалистическому сионистскому молодежному движению « Ханоар ха-Овед» . [9]

В 1937 году он поступил в двухгодичную сельскохозяйственную среднюю школу Кадури . Он преуспел в ряде предметов, связанных с сельским хозяйством, но не любил изучать английский язык - язык британского «врага». [10] [11] Первоначально он стремился стать инженером по ирригации , но его интерес к военному делу усилился в 1938 году, когда продолжающееся арабское восстание усилилось . Молодой сержант Хаганы по имени Игаль Аллон , впоследствии генерал Армии обороны Израиля и видный политик, обучал Рабина и других в Кадури. Рабин закончил обучение в Кадури в августе 1940 года. [12] На часть 1939 года британцы закрыли Кадури, и Рабин присоединился к Аллону в качестве военного полицейского в кибуце Гиносар, пока школа не открылась вновь. [13] Когда он закончил школу, Рабин подумывал об изучении ирригационной инженерии на стипендии в Калифорнийском университете в Беркли , хотя в конечном итоге он решил остаться и сражаться в Палестине. [14]

Рабин дома с женой, внуком, дочерью, затем зятем и двумя внучками, 1992 год.

Рабин женился на Лии Шлоссберг во время арабо-израильской войны 1948 года . Лия Рабин в то время работала репортером в газете Palmach . У них было двое детей, Далия (родилась 19 марта 1950 года) и Юваль (родилась 18 июня 1955 года). Как и вся израильская элита того времени, Рабин придерживался светско-национального понимания еврейской идентичности и был нерелигиозным. Американский дипломат Деннис Росс охарактеризовал его как «самого светского еврея, которого он встречал в Израиле». [15]

Ицхак Рабин, командир бригады Харел , ок. 1948 г.

Пальмах

В 1941 году, во время прохождения практики в кибуце Рамат Йоханан , Рабин под влиянием Игала Аллона присоединился к недавно сформированной Палмахской секции Хаганы . Рабин еще не умел управлять пулеметом, водить машину или ездить на мотоцикле, но Моше Даян принял нового рекрута. [16] Первой операцией, в которой он участвовал, была помощь союзникам во вторжении в Ливан , которая затем была проведена французскими силами Виши (та же операция, в которой Даян потерял глаз) в июне-июле 1941 года. [17] Аллон продолжал обучать молодого Пальмаха. силы.

As a Palmachnik, Rabin and his men had to lie low to avoid arousing inquiry from the British administration. They spent most of their time farming, training secretly part-time.[18] They wore no uniforms and received no public recognition during this time.[19] In 1943, Rabin took command of a platoon at Kfar Giladi. He trained his men in modern tactics and how to conduct lightning attacks.[20]

After the end of the war the relationship between the Palmach and the British authorities became strained, especially with respect to the treatment of Jewish immigration. In October 1945 Rabin planned a Palmach raid on the Atlit detainee camp in which 208 Jewish illegal immigrants who had been interned there were freed. In the Black Shabbat, a massive British operation against the leaders of the Jewish Establishment in the British Mandate of Palestine and the Palmach, Rabin was arrested and detained for five months. After his release he became the commander of the second Palmach battalion and rose to the position of Chief Operations Officer of the Palmach in October 1947.

IDF service

The Israeli delegation to the 1949 Armistice Agreements talks. Left to right: Commanders Yehoshafat Harkabi, Aryeh Simon, Yigael Yadin, and Yitzhak Rabin (1949)

During the 1948 Arab–Israeli War Rabin directed Israeli operations in Jerusalem and fought the Egyptian army in the Negev. During the beginning of the war he was the commander of the Harel Brigade, which fought on the road to Jerusalem from the coastal plain, including the Israeli "Burma Road", as well as many battles in Jerusalem, such as securing the southern side of the city by recapturing kibbutz Ramat Rachel.

During the first truce Rabin commanded IDF forces on the beach of Tel Aviv confronting the Irgun during the Altalena Affair.

In the following period he was the deputy commander of Operation Danny, the largest scale operation to that point, which involved four IDF brigades. The cities of Ramle and Lydda were captured, as well as the major airport in Lydda, as part of the operation. Following the capture of the two towns there was an exodus of their Arab population. Rabin signed the expulsion order, which included the following:

... 1. The inhabitants of Lydda must be expelled quickly without attention to age. ... 2. Implement immediately.[21]

Later, Rabin was chief of operations for the Southern Front and participated in the major battles ending the fighting there, including Operation Yoav and Operation Horev.

In the beginning of 1949 he was a member of the Israeli delegation to the armistice talks with Egypt that were held on the island of Rhodes. The result of the negotiations were the 1949 Armistice Agreements, which ended the official hostilities of the 1948 Arab–Israeli War. Following the demobilization at the end of the war he was the most senior (former) member of the Palmach that remained in the IDF.

Like many Palmach leaders, Rabin was politically aligned with the left wing pro-Soviet Ahdut HaAvoda party and later Mapam. These officers were distrusted by Prime Minister David Ben-Gurion and several resigned from the army in 1953 after a series of confrontations. Those members of Mapam who remained, such as Rabin, Haim Bar-Lev and David Elazar, had to endure several years in staff or training posts before resuming their careers.[22]

Rabin with Richard Nixon in Tel Aviv, 22 June 1967

Rabin headed Israel's Northern Command from 1956 to 1959.[23] In 1964 he was appointed chief of staff of the Israel Defense Forces (IDF) by Levi Eshkol, who had replaced David Ben-Gurion as Prime Minister and Minister of Defence. Since Eshkol did not have much military experience and trusted Rabin's judgement, he had a very free hand. According to the memoirs of Eshkol's military secretary, Eshkol followed Rabin "with closed eyes".[24]

Under his command, the IDF achieved victory over Egypt, Syria and Jordan in the Six-Day War in 1967. After the Old City of Jerusalem was captured by the IDF, Rabin was among the first to visit the Old City, and delivered a famous speech on Mount Scopus, at the Hebrew University. In the days leading up to the war, it was reported that Rabin suffered a nervous breakdown and was unable to function.[25] After this short hiatus, he resumed full command over the IDF.

Following his retirement from the IDF he became ambassador to the United States beginning in 1968, serving for five years. In this period the US became the major weapon supplier of Israel and in particular he managed to get the embargo on the F-4 Phantom fighter jets lifted. During the 1973 Yom Kippur War he served in no official capacity and in the elections held at the end of 1973 he was elected to the Knesset as a member of the Alignment. He was appointed Israeli Minister of Labour in March 1974 in Golda Meir's short-lived government.[26] While serving as ambassador, Rabin met and formed a relationship with Menachem M. Schneerson.[27]

Rabin as Prime Minister with US President Jimmy Carter in 1977

Following Golda Meir's resignation in April 1974, Rabin was elected party leader, after he defeated Shimon Peres. The rivalry between these two Labour leaders remained fierce and they competed several times in the next two decades for the leadership role, and even for who deserved credit for government achievements.[28] Rabin succeeded Golda Meir as Prime Minister of Israel on 3 June 1974. This was a coalition government, including Ratz, the Independent Liberals, Progress and Development and the Arab List for Bedouins and Villagers. This arrangement, with a bare parliamentary majority, held for a few months and was one of the few periods in Israel's history where the religious parties were not part of the coalition. The National Religious Party joined the coalition on 30 October 1974 and Ratz left on 6 November.

In foreign policy, the major development at the beginning of Rabin's term was the Sinai Interim Agreement between Israel and Egypt, signed on 1 September 1975. Both countries declared that the conflict between them and in the Middle East shall not be resolved by military force but by peaceful means.[29] This agreement followed Henry Kissinger's shuttle diplomacy and a threatened "reassessment" of the United States' regional policy and its relations with Israel. Rabin notes it was "an innocent-sounding term that heralded one of the worst periods in American–Israeli relations."[30] But the agreement was an important step towards the Camp David Accords of 1978 and the peace treaty with Egypt signed in 1979.

Operation Entebbe was perhaps the most dramatic event during Rabin's first term of office. On his orders, the IDF performed a long-range undercover raid to rescue passengers of an airliner hijacked by militants belonging to the Popular Front for the Liberation of Palestine's Wadie Haddad faction and the German Revolutionary Cells (RZ), who had been brought to Idi Amin's Uganda.[31] The operation was generally considered a tremendous success, and its spectacular character has made it the subject of much continued comment and study.

Towards the end of 1976 his coalition government with the religious parties suffered a crisis: A motion of no confidence had been brought by Agudat Yisrael over a breach of the Sabbath on an Israeli Air Force base when four F-15 jets were delivered from the US and the National Religious Party had abstained. Rabin dissolved his government and decided on new elections, which were to be held in May 1977.

Following the March 1977 meeting between Rabin and U.S. President Jimmy Carter, Rabin publicly announced that the U.S. supported the Israeli idea of defensible borders; Carter then issued a clarification. A "fallout" in U.S./Israeli relations ensued. It is thought that the fallout contributed to the Israeli Labor Party's defeat in the May 1977 elections.[32] On 15 March 1977, Haaretz journalist Dan Margalit revealed that a joint dollar account in the names of Yitzhak and Leah Rabin, opened in a Washington, D.C., bank during Rabin's term of office as Israel ambassador (1968–73), was still open, in breach of Israeli law.[33] According to Israeli currency regulations at the time, it was illegal for citizens to maintain foreign bank accounts without prior authorization. Rabin resigned on 8 April 1977, following the revelation by Maariv journalist S. Isaac Mekel that the Rabins held two accounts in Washington, not one, containing $10,000, and that a Finance Ministry administrative penalty committee fined them IL150,000.[34] Rabin withdrew from the party leadership and candidacy for prime minister.

Following his resignation and Labour Party defeat at the elections, Likud's Menachem Begin was elected in 1977. Until 1984 Rabin had been a member of Knesset and had sat on the Foreign Affairs and Defense Committee. From 1984 to 1990, he served as Minister of Defense in several national unity governments led by prime ministers Yitzhak Shamir and Shimon Peres. When Rabin came to office, Israeli troops were still deep in Lebanon. Rabin ordered their withdrawal to a "Security Zone" on the Lebanese side of the border. The South Lebanon Army was active in this zone, along with the Israeli Defence Forces.

On 4 August 1985 Minister of Defence Rabin introduced an Iron Fist policy in the West Bank, reviving the use of British Mandate era legislation to detain people without trial, demolish houses, close newspapers and institutions as well as deporting activists. The change in policy came after a sustained public campaign demanding a tougher policy following the May 1985 prisoner exchange in which 1,150 Palestinians had been released.[35]

When the first Intifada broke out, Rabin adopted harsh measures to stop the demonstrations, even authorizing the use of "Force, might and beatings," on the demonstrators.[36][37] Rabin the "bone breaker" was used as an International image.[38] The combination of the failure of the "Iron Fist" policy, Israel's deteriorating international image, and Jordan cutting legal and administrative ties to the West Bank with the U.S.'s recognition of the PLO as the representative of the Palestinian people forced Rabin to seek an end to the violence through negotiation and dialogue with the PLO.[38][39] From 1990 to 1992, Rabin again served as a Knesset member and sat on the Foreign Affairs and Defense Committee.

Bill Clinton watches Jordan's King Hussein (left) and Israeli Prime Minister Yitzhak Rabin (right) sign the Israel–Jordan peace treaty
Yitzhak Rabin, Bill Clinton, and Yasser Arafat during the Oslo Accords on 13 September 1993
Rabin shaking hands with new Russian immigrants on their flight to Israel in 1994

In 1992 Rabin was elected as chairman of the Labor Party, winning against Shimon Peres. In the elections that year his party, strongly focusing on the popularity of its leader, managed to win a clear victory over the Likud of incumbent Prime Minister Yitzhak Shamir. However, the left-wing bloc in the Knesset only won an overall narrow majority, facilitated by the disqualification of small nationalist parties that did not manage to pass the electoral threshold. Rabin formed the first Labor-led government in fifteen years, supported by a coalition with Meretz, a left wing party, and Shas, a Mizrahi ultra-orthodox religious party.

On 25 July 1993, after Hezbollah fired rockets into northern Israel, Rabin authorized a week-long military operation in Lebanon.[40] Rabin played a leading role in the signing of the Oslo Accords, which created the Palestinian National Authority and granted it partial control over parts of the Gaza Strip and West Bank. Prior to the signing of the accords, Rabin received a letter from PLO chairman Yasser Arafat renouncing violence and officially recognizing Israel, and on the same day, 9 September 1993, Rabin sent Arafat a letter officially recognizing the PLO.[41]

After the announcement of the Oslo Accords there were many protest demonstrations in Israel objecting to the Accords. As these protests dragged on, Rabin insisted that as long as he had a majority in the Knesset he would ignore the protests and the protesters. In this context he said, "they (the protesters) can spin around and around like propellers"[42] but he would continue on the path of the Oslo Accords. Rabin's parliamentary majority rested on non-coalition member Arab support.[43] Rabin also denied the right of American Jews to object to his plan for peace, calling any such dissent "chutzpah".[44] The Oslo agreement was also opposed by Hamas and other Palestinian factions, which launched suicide bombings at Israel.[45]

After the historical handshake with Yasser Arafat,[46] Rabin said, on behalf of the Israeli people, "We who have fought against you, the Palestinians, we say to you today, in a loud and a clear voice; Enough of blood and tears. Enough!"[47][48] During this term of office, Rabin also oversaw the signing of the Israel–Jordan peace treaty in 1994.[49]

Economic and social reforms

Rabin significantly reformed Israel's economy, as well as its education and healthcare systems. His government significantly expanded the privatization of business, moving away from the country's traditionally socialized economy. The scheme was described by Moshe Arens as a "privatization frenzy". In 1993, his government set up the "Yozma" program, under which attractive tax incentives were offered to foreign venture capital funds that invested in Israel and promised to double any investment with government funding. As a result, foreign venture capital funds invested heavily in the growing Israeli high-tech industry, contributing to Israel's economic growth and status as a world leader in high-tech. In 1995, the National Health Insurance Law was passed. The law created Israel's universal health care system, moving away from the traditionally Histadrut-dominated health insurance system. Doctors' wages were also raised by 50%. Education spending was raised by 70%, with new colleges being built in Israel's peripheral areas, and teachers' wages rising by one-fifth. His government also launched new public works projects such as the Cross-Israel Highway and an expansion of Ben Gurion Airport.[50][51][52][53]

Nobel Peace Prize

(right to left) Yitzhak Rabin, Shimon Peres and Yasser Arafat receiving the Nobel Peace Prize following the Oslo Accords

For his role in the creation of the Oslo Accords, Rabin was awarded the 1994 Nobel Peace Prize, along with Yasser Arafat and Shimon Peres.[54][55] The Accords greatly divided Israeli society, with some seeing Rabin as a hero for advancing the cause of peace and some seeing him as a traitor for giving away land they viewed as rightfully belonging to Israel. Many Israelis on the right wing often blame him for Jewish deaths in terror attacks, attributing them to the Oslo agreements.[56]

Military cemeteries in every corner of the world are silent testimony to the failure of national leaders to sanctify human life.

— Yitzhak Rabin, 1994 Nobel Peace Prize lecture [57]

"> Play media
Short video about Yitzhak Rabin from the Israeli News Company

On the evening of 4 November 1995 (12th of Heshvan on the Hebrew Calendar[58]), Rabin was assassinated by Yigal Amir, a right-wing extremist who opposed the signing of the Oslo Accords. Rabin had been attending a mass rally at the Kings of Israel Square (now Rabin Square) in Tel Aviv, held in support of the Oslo Accords. When the rally ended, Rabin walked down the city hall steps towards the open door of his car, at which point Amir fired three shots at Rabin with a semi-automatic pistol. Two shots hit Rabin, and the third lightly injured Yoram Rubin, one of Rabin's bodyguards. Rabin was taken to the nearby Ichilov Hospital, where he died on the operating table of blood loss and two punctured lungs. Amir was immediately seized by Rabin's bodyguards and police. He was later tried, found guilty, and sentenced to life imprisonment. After an emergency cabinet meeting, Israel's foreign minister, Shimon Peres, was appointed as acting Israeli prime minister.[59]

Rabin's assassination came as a great shock to the Israeli public and much of the rest of the world. Hundreds of thousands of Israelis thronged the square where Rabin was assassinated to mourn his death. Young people, in particular, turned out in large numbers, lighting memorial candles and singing peace songs. On 6 November 1995, he was buried on Mount Herzl. Rabin's funeral was attended by many world leaders, among them U.S. president Bill Clinton, Australian Prime Minister Paul Keating, Egyptian president Hosni Mubarak and King Hussein of Jordan. Clinton delivered a eulogy whose final words were in Hebrew – "Shalom, Haver" (Hebrew: שלום חבר‎, lit. Goodbye, Friend).[60][61]

The square where he was assassinated, Kikar Malkhei Yisrael (Kings of Israel Square), was renamed Rabin Square in his honor. Many other streets and public institutions in Israel have also subsequently been named after him. After his assassination, Rabin was hailed as a national symbol and came to embody the ethos of the "Israeli peace camp," despite his military career and hawkish views earlier in life.[62] In November 2000, his wife Leah died and was buried alongside him.

After the murder, it was revealed that Avishai Raviv, a well known right-wing extremist at the time, was in fact a Shin Bet agent-informer code-named Champagne. Raviv was later acquitted in court of charges that he failed to prevent the assassination. The court ruled there was no evidence that Raviv knew assassin Yigal Amir was plotting to kill Rabin.[63] After Rabin's assassination, his daughter Dalia Rabin-Pelossof entered politics and was elected to the Knesset in 1999 as part of the Center Party. In 2001, she served as Israel's deputy minister of defense.[64]

  • Monument marking the site of the assassination: Ibn Gabirol Street between Tel Aviv City Hall and Gan Ha'ir

  • Graves of Yitzhak (right) and Leah Rabin (left) on Mount Herzl

  • The Knesset has set the 12th of Cheshvan, the murder date according to the Hebrew calendar, as the official memorial day of Rabin.[65]
  • In 1995 the Israeli Postal Authority issued a commemorative Rabin stamp.[66]
  • In 1996 Israeli songwriter Naomi Shemer translated Walt Whitman's poem "O Captain! My Captain!" to Hebrew and wrote music for it to mark the anniversary of Rabin's assassination. The song is since commonly performed or played in Yitzhak Rabin memorial day services.
  • The Yitzhak Rabin Centre was founded in 1997 by an act of the Knesset, to create "[a] Memorial Centre for Perpetuating the Memory of Yitzhak Rabin." It carries out extensive commemorative and educational activities emphasising the ways and means of democracy and peace.
  • Mechinat Rabin, an Israeli pre-army preparatory program for training recent high school graduates in leadership prior to their IDF service, was established in 1998.
  • In 2005 Rabin received the Dr. Rainer Hildebrandt Human Rights Award endowed by Alexandra Hildebrandt. The award is given annually in recognition of extraordinary, non-violent commitment to human rights.
  • Many cities and towns in Israel have named streets, neighbourhoods, schools, bridges and parks after Rabin. The country's largest power station, Orot Rabin, two government office complexes (at the HaKirya in Tel Aviv and the Sail Tower in Haifa), the Israeli terminal of the Arava/Araba border crossing with Jordan, and two synagogues are also named after him. Outside Israel, there are streets and squares named after him in Bonn, Berlin, Chicago, Madrid, Miami, New York City, and Odessa and parks in Montreal, Paris, Rome and Lima.[67] The community Jewish high school in Ottawa is also named after him.[68][69]
  • The Cambridge University Israel Society hosts its annual academic lecture in honour of Yitzhak Rabin.[70]

  • Yitzhak Rabin Walk in Queens, New York City

  • A memorial stone honouring Rabin in Wellington, New Zealand

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  • Rabin, Yitzhak (17 November 1996). The Rabin Memoirs. University of California Press. ISBN 0-520-20766-1.

  • List of Israeli Nobel laureates
  • List of Jewish Nobel laureates
  • Kempler video, assassination of Yitzhak Rabin video
  • Shir LaShalom, the "Peace Song" sung by Rabin at the peace rally shortly before his assassination

  • Avner, Yehuda (2010). The Prime Ministers: An Intimate Narrative of Israeli Leadership. Toby Press. ISBN 978-1-59264-278-6. OCLC 758724969.
  • Ben Artzi-Pelossof, Noa (1997). In the Name of Sorrow and Hope. ISBN 978-0-517-17963-5.
  • Benedikt, Linda (2005). Yitzhak Rabin: The Battle for Peace. ISBN 1-904950-06-X.
  • Cleveland, William I. (1994). A History of the Modern Middle East. Westview Press.
  • Ephron, Dan (2015). Killing a King: The Assassination of Yitzhak Rabin and the Remaking of Israel. W. W. Norton & Company. ISBN 978-0393242096.
  • Gresh, Alain; Vidal, Dominique (2004). The New A to Z of the Middle East. I B Tauris.
  • Horowitz (ed.), David (1996). Yitzhak Rabin: Soldier of Peace. Peter Halban.CS1 maint: extra text: authors list (link)
  • Horowitz (ed.), David (1996). Shalom, Friend: The Life and Legacy of Yitzhak Rabin. New York : Newmarket Press. ISBN 1-55704-287-X.CS1 maint: extra text: authors list (link)
  • Inbar, Efraim (1999). Rabin and Israel National Security. Woodrow Wilson Press.
  • Kurzman, Dan (1998). Soldier of Peace: The Life of Yitzhak Rabin 1922-1995. Harper Collins. ISBN 0-06-018684-4.
  • Milstein, Uri (1999). The Rabin File. Gefen. ISBN 965-229-196-X.
  • Pappe, Ilan (2004). A History of Modern Palestine. Cambridge University Press.
  • Quigley, John (2004). The Case for Palestine: The International Law Perspective. Duke University Press.
  • Rabin, Leah (1997). Rabin: Our Life, His Legacy. New York : G.P. Putnam's Sons. ISBN 0-399-14217-7.
  • Shlaim, Avi (2000). The Iron Wall: Israel and the Arab World. Penguin Books.
  • Slater, Robert (2015). Rabin: 20 Years After. Kotarim International Publishing. ISBN 978-9-657-58913-7.
  • Slater, Robert (1993). Rabin of Israel. Robson Books.
  • Smith, Charles D. (2004). Palestine and the Arab-Israeli Conflict (5th ed.). Macmillan Press.
  • Sorek, Tamir (2015). Palestinian Commemoration in Israel: Calendars, Monuments, and Martyrs. Stanford, CA: Stanford University Press. pp. 217–232. ISBN 9780804795180.
  • Sprinzak, Ehud (2000), Yoram Peri (ed.), "Israeli Radical Right", The Association of Yitzhak Rabin, Stanford University Press
  • Tessler, Mark (1974). A History of the Israeli-Palestinian Conflict. Indiana University Press.

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  • Rabinovich, Itamar (2017). Yitzhak Rabin: Soldier, Leader, Statesman. New Haven, Conn.: Yale University Press. ISBN 978-0-30-021229-7.
  • Sharon, Assaf, "The Long Paralysis of the Israeli Left" (review of Dan Ephron, Killing a King: The Assassination of Yitzhak Rabin and the Remaking of Israel, Norton, 290 pp.; and Itamar Rabinovich, Yitzhak Rabin: Soldier, Leader, Statesman, Yale University Press, 272 pp.), The New York Review of Books, vol. LXVI, no. 17 (7 November 2019), pp. 32–34.

  • One of the last recorded interviews with Yitzhak Rabin – a six-minute interview with David Esing, recorded one month before his assassination.
  • Eulogies at the Funeral of Prime Minister Rabin Jewish Virtual Library
  • Yitzhak Rabin Information Page
  • Dromi, Uri (5 November 2005). "Still craving peace 10 years after Rabin". New Straits Times, p. 20.
  • "Israel marks Rabin assassination". (5 November 2005). BBC.
  • Appearances on C-SPAN
  • Segment Interview on YouTube by Leon Charney on The Leon Charney Report
  • Full Interview on YouTube by Leon Charney on The Leon Charney Report
  • Yitzhak Rabin on Nobelprize.org Edit this at Wikidata
Party political offices
Preceded by
Golda Meir 		Leader of the Alignment
1973–1977 		Succeeded by
Shimon Peres
Preceded by
Shimon Peres 		Leader of the Labor Party
1992–1995 		Succeeded by
Shimon Peres
Awards
Preceded by
Colin Powell 		The Ronald Reagan Freedom Award
1994 		Succeeded by
King Hussein I