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Это список близких результатов выборов на национальном уровне и в административных единицах . В нем перечислены результаты, по которым было принято решение с перевесом менее 1 голоса из 1000 (преимущество менее 0,1%). Этот список ограничен выборами, на которых было подано не менее 1000 голосов.

Для обеспечения контекста в разделе «Распределение выборов» показано распределение выигрышей в различных областях. В зависимости от региона от 1 из 40 до 1 из 500 избирательных конкурсов решается менее чем 1 голосом из 1000.

Согласно исследованию 2001 года выборов штатов и федеральных выборов в Соединенных Штатах в период с 1898 по 1992 год, «один из каждых 100 000 голосов, поданных на выборах в США, и один из каждых 15 000 голосов, поданных на выборах штата, имел значение» в том смысле, что они были отдан за кандидата, который официально получил равное количество голосов или победил одним голосом ". [1]

Хотя это и не были выборы, член Конгресса однажды получил свое место в результате жеребьевки. В 1902 году после более чем 7000 голосов на трех съездах демократы не смогли выбрать между тремя кандидатами для выдвижения в 12-й избирательный округ Техаса . Два кандидата поместили свои имена в шляпу, вытащили одного, и проигравший согласился выйти и поддержать победителя. Оскар В. Гиллеспи выиграл игру жребия, выдвижение и следующие всеобщие выборы, проработав в Конгрессе восемь лет. [2]

Существует множество способов урегулирования равных результатов на выборах. Некоторые решаются путем жеребьевки или других азартных игр. Другие приводят к второму туру или внеочередным выборам. Третьи решаются какой-либо третьей стороной, такой как законодательный орган или высокопоставленное выборное должностное лицо. В одном случае в Уэйнтауне, штат Индиана , в 1891 году два кандидата в городские казначеи согласились уладить свою ничью по 339–339 гонками. [3] Однако, несмотря на некоторые выдуманные отчеты, городской совет отменил соглашение и решил, что занимавший тогда должность Уильям Симмс останется в должности еще на один срок, и предложенная гонка так и не состоялась. [4]

Таблица закрытых национальных выборов и выборов штата [ править ]

Связанные выборы [ править ]

Список закрытых результатов выборов [ править ]

Distribution of elections by winning margin[edit]

Close elections not only demonstrate the effect of individual voters, they may reflect extra efforts from candidates or supporters when elections are close.[429][430]

In all US states in 2018, 88 state legislative elections were decided by less than half a percent.[431]

See also[edit]

  • Election audits
  • Elections
  • Electoral integrity
  • List of controversial elections

Notes[edit]

  1. ^ There is considerable disagreement among historians about the exact vote totals. As Kenneth Ackerman explained in his 2003 book: "Because (a) voting was decentralized, (b) states certified electoral votes, not popular votes as 'official', and (c) Democratic votes were divided among various splinter groups, there remains today a range of published 'final results' for the 1880 presidential popular vote."[395] The federal government lists the margin of victory as 1,898, which is used in this article.[396] Others give the margin as 7,018;[397][398] 7,368;[399] 9,070;[400] or 9,457[401] among others.

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