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ПК-12
Pilatus PC-12-45, Royal Flying Doctor Service AN0636290.jpg
Королевская служба летающих врачей Австралии PC-12/45, первый заказчик и основной пользователь
РольПассажирские и грузовые самолеты
национальное происхождениеШвейцария
ПроизводительPilatus Самолет
Первый полет31 мая 1991 года
Вступление1994 г.
СтатусВ производстве
Основные пользователиPlaneSense
Королевская служба летающих врачей Австралии
ВВС США
Произведено1991-настоящее время
Количество построенных1700 (по состоянию на октябрь 2019 г. ) [1]

Pilatus PC-12 представляет собой одномоторный турбовинтовой пассажирский и грузовой самолет производства Pilatus Aircraft из Штанса, Швейцария , с 1991 года Основной рынок сбыта для самолетов корпоративный транспорт и региональные авиалайнера операторы. PC-12 является самым продаваемым в мире воздушным судном с однодвигательным газотурбинным двигателем, работающим под давлением, и вот уже несколько лет подряд [2] [3] было поставлено 1700 единиц по состоянию на октябрь 2019 года [1].

Развитие [ править ]

Турбовинтовой носовой агрегат Pratt & Whitney PT6 и 4-лопастной винт
Приборы и субпанель ПК-12

В октябре 1989 года Pilatus объявил о разработке PC-12 на ежегодном съезде Национальной ассоциации деловой авиации (NBAA). [4] [5] : 80 До объявления о 1989 г. над проектом PC-12 некоторое время работали с высокой степенью секретности; К моменту анонса сборка первого прототипа уже началась. [5] : 81–82 Пилатус полагал, что PC-12 подойдет для нового рынка, не обслуживаемого существующими самолетами, и что этот тип будет первым одномоторным самолетом с большой кабиной, который сможет летать на большой высоте. скорости на большие расстояния. [5] : 82Два прототипа были завершены 1 мая 1991 года, а первый полет состоялся 31 мая 1991 года. [6] Швейцарская сертификация типа была первоначально запланирована на середину 1991 года; [5] : 81 однако изменение конструкции крыльев (увеличение размаха крыльев и добавление винглетов для обеспечения гарантированных характеристик) замедлило прогресс. 30 марта 1994 года Швейцарское федеральное управление гражданской авиации выдало сертификат типа для PC-12; [7] Утверждение Федерального управления гражданской авиации США последовало 15 июля 1994 г. [8]

С момента ввода в эксплуатацию Pilatus разработал большое количество улучшений и опций по сравнению с исходной моделью PC-12; Изменения включают увеличение максимального взлетного веса, использование все более мощных двигателей, внедрение новой авионики, мер по снижению шума, новых гребных винтов, увеличения скорости и дальности полета, дополнительных интерьеров и новых бортовых развлекательных систем. [9] [10] [11] [12] Другие авиационные фирмы, такие как Finoff Aviation Products, также производили свои собственные независимые продукты и пакеты усовершенствований для PC-12. [3] [13] [14]

PC-12NG [ править ]

Новый смешанный крылышко самолета PC-12 NG

Pilatus анонсировал PC-12NG (Next Generation) на встрече NBAA 2006 в Орландо и официально представил его во время NBAA 2007 в Атланте. [15] NG оснащен более мощным двигателем Pratt & Whitney PT6A-67P с улучшенными характеристиками набора высоты и увеличенной максимальной крейсерской скоростью до 280 узлов TAS . NG также имеет стеклянную кабину Honeywell Primus Apex ; до этого PC-12 была одной из немногих моделей высшего класса, в которых не было бортового радиоэлектронного оборудования. [9] [16] Обновленная кабина включает автоматический контроль наддува, а также управляемые курсором входы в навигационную систему. PC-12 NG крылышки также были изменены из оригинальной версии. [14]Сообщается, что в течение двух лет с момента запуска на ПК-12 NG было размещено более 200 заказов. [16] В мае 2008 года был доставлен первый ПК-12 NG. [17]

ПК-12М (Многоцелевой) основан на ПК-12 NG, но оснащен более мощной системой выработки электроэнергии, позволяющей устанавливать дополнительное энергоемкое оборудование. Это позволяет PC-12M выполнять такие задачи, как летная инспекция, санитарная авиация, аэрофотосъемка и воздушное наблюдение. Дополнительная служебная дверь вмещает людей и груз, падающие с парашютом. Эта версия продается в США как полувоенная платформа специальных миссий PC-12 Spectre. [18]

18 декабря 2012 года Pilatus официально открыла свою штаб-квартиру в Китае в Чунцин- Лянцзян и объявила о будущем производстве PC-12 для клиентов из Азиатско-Тихоокеанского региона на производственной линии на этом объекте. [19] [20] В сентябре 2014 года было объявлено, что производство различных авиационных конструкций для PC-12 NG будет осуществляться компанией Tata Aircraft Systems в Индии с 2016 года, эти детали ранее производились на PZL-widnik в Польше. . [21] [22]

PC-12NGX [ править ]

На октябрьском съезде NBAA 2019 Pilatus анонсировал уже сертифицированный PC-12NGX. Его PT6E-67XP включает в себя режим FADEC и низкоскоростной гребной винт для снижения шума в кабине. Он достигает круиза со скоростью 290 узлов TAS (537 км / ч). Обновленная авионика Honeywell с функцией автоматического регулирования тяги как устройством управления курсором, так и сенсорным экраном . По аналогии с PC-24 окна кабины на 10% больше, а в обновленной кабине добавлены новые сиденья. Плановое техническое обслуживание увеличено до 600 летных часов и межремонтного периода. increases from 4,000 to 5,000 hours. Deliveries should start in the second quarter of 2020 at a US$ 4.39 million base price, up to 5.369 million typically equipped as an executive aircraft.[1]

Design[edit]

Pilatus PC-12 taking off from a short unpaved airstrip

The PC-12 is a single-engine turboprop-powered business aircraft, designed for performing multiple roles and to deliver performance and safety equal to twin-engine aircraft. It is powered by a single Pratt & Whitney PT6A-67 engine; early models being powered by the PT6A-67B, while the later PC-12 NG variant uses the more powerful PT6A-67P, which is flat rated at only 70% of its maximum power.[2][3] According to Pilatus, the PC-12 NG has exceptional versatility and is capable of operating within the most rugged environments, such as the Australian outback; it is one of the few pressurized turbine-powered aircraft capable of operating from rough landing strips.[2] A trailing arm landing gear allow access to airfields inaccessible to many jet aircraft.[2][9]

Pilatus PC-12 interior cabin
A Luxembourg-registered PC-12/45 with doors open

The cabin can accommodate up to nine passengers and has a refreshment centre, an enclosed lavatory and a rear baggage area. Other cabin configurations include executive arrangements, seating between six and eight passengers; a four-seat passenger-cargo combi layout; and an air ambulance setup housing two litters and three attending medics.[2][9][23] The interior was designed in conjunction with BMW's Designworks division, making extensive use of leather, fine wood veneers, and various textiles to create an environment similar to a luxury road vehicle.[16] An atypically large cargo door is installed to accommodate bulky items, including palletised cargo.[2][9]

The PC-12 incorporates numerous safety measures. The PT6A-67 engine has a reputation for considerable reliability, a factor that has reportedly been decisive to some prospective operators.[9] To counteract stall and spin conditions, dual angle-of-attack sensors near the wingtips force the stick forwards in advance of a potential stall. For greater redundancy, the PC-12 NG has a complete split-bus dual electrical system similar to modern jet aircraft, in addition to two separate batteries and a third emergency battery.[9][16] The type is certified for flight into known ice conditions; as per standard fit, pneumatic de-icing systems are installed in the wings and empennage, while electrical de-icing measures are integrated into the windshield and exhaust heat is used for engine inlet de-icing.[5]:84 In 2014, Aviation Week describe the PC-12 as possessing "...comparatively slow take-off and landing speeds, excellent short-field performance, and easy handling characteristics."[3]

In addition to its uses as a passenger transport and private aircraft, the PC-12 can be configured as a multi-mission platform, such as an air ambulance or for conducting surveillance aircraft missions. In the latter role, a retractable Electro-optical/Infrared sensor may be installed into the aircraft's tail and an operator's console, containing two display monitors, a digital video recorder, communications panel and expansion bays to accommodate various radios and datalinks, can be fitted in the main cabin area; the aircraft may be highly customized to meet customer's specific mission requirements.[18][24] In the multi-mission capacity, the type has seen use by various customers, including the Red Cross, the Royal Flying Doctor Service of Australia, the Royal Canadian Mounted Police, and the United States Air Force.[2]

PC-12 wingtip device and weather radar

The type features a three-axis autopilot as standard, while weather radar, long-range navigation systems and radar altimeter are optional.[5]:84 The flight deck of the PC-12 NG is equipped with Honeywell's Primus Apex avionics system, consisting of four 10-inch high-resolution liquid crystal display screens, two of which perform as the primary flight displays directly forward of either pilot, the other two being multi-function displays in a central position between the two pilots.[2] The Apex system shares many similarities to the flight decks of other business jets and has been designed to minimize crew workload and provide for improved safety during single-pilot operations.[16] An advanced synthetic vision system, delivering greater situational awareness and safety during visual flight rules (VFR) flight, is also present.[2] The cockpit's layout is optimized for ergonomic and aesthetic appeal, providing similar comfort levels for the flight crew as to the passengers.[2][14] An engine condition monitoring system is present on the PC-12 NG, automatically monitoring engine parameters and producing relevant warnings, easing preventive maintenance efforts.[14]

Operational history[edit]

Commercial, corporate and private use[edit]

Early sales of the PC-12 principally went to utility operators, because Pilatus was reportedly uncertain of the sales potential for business and passenger operators.[9] In 1994, the Royal Flying Doctor Service of Australia became the launch customer of the PC-12. It operates 32 PC-12s throughout Australia to deliver medical services in remote areas.[25]

PC-12 with passenger embarking

In 2003, US charter airline Tradewind Aviation started operating the PC-12, which has now grown into one of the country's largest operators of the type, with 22 aircraft.[citation needed]

In 2006, the magazine Flying referred to the PC-12 as "...more economical to operate than any turbine airplane of similar size."[14] In 2007, Flying magazine described the high rate of value retention on used PC-12s as "unbelievable"—attributing this to the popular demand for the type.[26] High oil prices are a prominent factor for increasing sales of turboprops, the PC-12 among them.[27][28]

The bulk of demand comes from North America, and three-quarters of PC-12NG sales are in executive configurations.[29] While its price grew from $3.3 million in 2005 to $4.7 million in 2015, it retains 80-85% of its selling price after 10 years given average use, better than comparable turboprop or business jets, and it sells 40% faster.[30]

Pilatus also uses a series of overseas distributors to market and sell the PC-12 within designated regions. AMAC Aerospace is the exclusive sales agent for the type within the Middle East.[31][32]

In August 2014, Californian airline Surf Air placed an order for 15 PC-12 NGs and 50 options, one of the largest contract for the type.[33] PlaneSense, a New Hampshire-based fractional ownership company, manages the largest fleet of the type,[34] operating 34 PC-12s as of 2015.[35]

In June 2010, Pilatus announced that the 1,000th PC-12 had been delivered.[36] By August 2013, the worldwide PC-12 fleet had accumulated a combined total of 4 million flight hours and 1,200 PC-12s had been delivered to customers.[37] Just over a year after the 1300th, the 1400th PC-12 was delivered in July 2016. As of July 2016, the fleet had accumulated 5.6 million total flight hours since certification and 1 million flight hours for the 630 PC-12 NG since its introduction in 2008.[38] In May 2018, with the fleet having logged over 6.8 million hours, the maintenance interval was raised from 100/150 hours to 300 and a new maintenance plan reduced labor by 20% to 40% to lower direct operating costs.[39]

By 2017, a nine-year-old PC-12 was worth $2.5-2.8 million and 15- to 16-year-old models had a $1.8 million value.[40] Owner-operators account for 20% to 30% of the PC-12 sales, while they fly 90% of all SOCATA TBMs.[41]

By October 2019, the PC-12 fleet surpassed 1,700 aircraft, with more than seven million total flight hours.[1]

Military operations[edit]

United States Air Force U-28A

The PC-12 is Pilatus' first aircraft directed principally at the civil market. Despite the company historically being a military-oriented supplier, military sales for the type were considered a low priority during the early stages of development.[5]:82

The U-28A is the United States Air Force variant of the PC-12 for intra-theater support of special operations forces performing the role of Intelligence, surveillance, and reconnaissance (ISR).[42] The 319th Special Operations Squadron is stationed at Hurlburt Field, Florida at the headquarters of the Air Force Special Operations Command. The 34th Special Operations Squadron (SOS) was activated on 9 April 2010 as the second U-28A unit at Hurlburt Field. Both squadrons operate as part of the 1st Special Operations Wing/ 1st Special Operations Group (SOG) at Hurlburt Field. The U-28A is also operated by the 318th Special Operations Squadron as part of the 27th Special Operations Wing at Cannon Air Force Base, New Mexico.[43] In May 2019 the Air Force officially approved the use of the name 'Draco' for the aircraft.[44]

Variants[edit]

PC-12
Original production variant certified in Switzerland in 1994, it has a Pratt & Whitney Canada PT6A-67B engine, 4,100 kg (9,039 lb) maximum takeoff weight, conventional round-dial cockpit.[45]
PC-12/45
Certified in 1996 has a Pratt & Whitney Canada PT6A-67B engine, maximum takeoff weight increased to 4,500 kg (9,921 lb). Any of the original production aircraft can be converted to PC-12/45.
PC-12/47
Certified in 2005 has a Pratt & Whitney Canada PT6A-67B engine, maximum takeoff weight increased to 4,740 kg (10,450 lb).
PC-12/47E
Variant certified in 2008 has upgraded avionics and a Pratt & Whitney Canada PT6A-67P engine. Sometimes known by its trade name PC-12 NG (Next Generation).
PC-12NGX
Proposed at the October 2019 NBAA convention, marketing name for a PC-12/47E with a PT6E-67XP engine with FADEC and autothrottle, 290 kn TAS (537 km/h) cruise, 10% larger windows, redesigned interior, extended maintenance, updated Honeywell avionics.[1]
PC-12M Spectre
Paramilitary special missions platform marketed in the United States, originally called "Eagle".
U-28A Draco
United States Air Force designation for the PC-12/45.

Operators[edit]

Main article: List of Pilatus PC-12 operators

As of July 2016, 1,400 PC-12s have been delivered.[38] Most are used in the civil market.

Specifications (PC-12NG)[edit]

View from below, gear and flaps up
Front view, flaps and gear down
Side view, flaps and gear down

Data from Pilatus[46]

General characteristics

  • Crew: 1 or 2
  • Capacity: 6 to 9 passengers seats
  • Length: 14.4 m (47 ft 3 in)
  • Wingspan: 16.28 m (53 ft 5 in)
  • Height: 4.26 m (14 ft 0 in)
  • Wing area: 25.81 m2 (277.8 sq ft)
  • Airfoil: root: NACA LS(1)-0417MOD; tip: NACA LS(1)-0313[47]
  • Empty weight: 2,810 kg (6,195 lb)
  • Max takeoff weight: 4,740 kg (10,450 lb)
  • Maximum landing weight: 4,500 kg (9,921 lb)
  • Maximum zero fuel weight: 4,100 kg (9,039 lb)
  • Fuel capacity: 1,226 kg (2,703 lb) / 1,521 l (402 US gal; 335 imp gal)
  • Powerplant: 1 × Pratt & Whitney Canada PT6A-67P turboprop engine, 890 kW (1,200 shp)
  • Propellers: 5-bladed Hartzell Propeller composite, 2.67 m (8 ft 9 in) diameter composite constant-speed fully-feathering reversible propeller

Performance

  • Cruise speed: 528 km/h (328 mph, 285 kn)
  • Stall speed: 124 km/h (77 mph, 67 kn)
  • Range: 3,417 km (2,123 mi, 1,845 nmi) (HSC, VFR Reserves)
  • Service ceiling: 9,144 m (30,000 ft)
  • Rate of climb: 9.75 m/s (1,919 ft/min)
  • Take-off run to 15 m (49 ft): 793 m (2,602 ft)
  • Landing run from 15 m (49 ft): 661 m (2,169 ft)
  • Fuel consumption: 250 l/h (66 gal/h; 55 imp gal/h) (915 km (569 mi; 494 nmi) trip, including climb, cruise and descent, 491 km/h (305 mph; 265 kn) average block speed)

Avionics

  • Honeywell Primus Apex

See also[edit]

Two PC-12s parked with a Cessna 208 Caravan between them

Aircraft of comparable role, configuration, and era

  • Aero Ae 270 Ibis
  • Cessna Denali
  • Epic E1000
  • Myasishchev M-101T
  • Piper Meridian
  • Socata TBM

References[edit]

  1. ^ a b c d e "The World's Best Turboprop – Better Than Ever: Pilatus Reveals the PC-12 NGX" (Press release). Pilatus. 22 Oct 2019.
  2. ^ a b c d e f g h i j "PC-12 NG Brochure" (PDF). Pilatus. 15 July 2013. Archived from the original (PDF) on 9 October 2016.
  3. ^ a b c d George, Fred (1 February 2014). "Finnoff PC-12 Upgrade". Aviation Week. Retrieved 21 February 2016.
  4. ^ "Booming Business." Flight International, 23 September 1989.
  5. ^ a b c d e f g Moll, Nigel (November 1989). "A Swiss to Watch". Features. Flying. Vol. 116 no. 11. Diamandis Communications. pp. 80–84. ISSN 0015-4806. Retrieved 21 February 2016 – via Google Books.
  6. ^ "PC-12 Makes First Flight". Reporting Points. Flying. Vol. 118 no. 8. Hachette Filipacchi Media U.S. August 1991. p. 20. ISSN 0015-4806. Retrieved 30 June 2016 – via Google Books.
  7. ^ "Pilatus PC-12 Certified in Switzerland". Reporting Points. Flying. Vol. 121 no. 7. Hachette Filipacchi Media U.S. July 1994. p. 28. ISSN 0015-4806. Retrieved 21 February 2016 – via Google Books.
  8. ^ Federal Aviation Administration (10 November 2015). "Type Certificate Data Sheet No. A78EU" (PDF). Retrieved 1 July 2016.
  9. ^ a b c d e f g h McClellan, J. Mac (10 August 2010). "Pilatus PC-12: The Value of Only One Engine". Flying.
  10. ^ Grady, Mary. "Pilatus Offers New Upgrades for Its PC-12 NG." Robb Report, 19 March 2014.
  11. ^ Marsh, Alton K. (16 November 2015). "Pilatus Boosts PC-12 NG Performance". AOPA. Retrieved 21 February 2016.
  12. ^ Sarsfield, Kate (16 November 2015). "NBAA: Pilatus marks flight of second PC-24 and upgrades PC-12NG". Las Vegas: Flightglobal. Retrieved 21 February 2016.
  13. ^ "Hartzell Introduces 5-Blade Carbon Fiber Propellers for PC-12 Fleet" (Press release). Las Vegas: Hartzell Propeller. 17 November 2015. Retrieved 21 February 2016.
  14. ^ a b c d e McClellan, J. Mac (October 15, 2006). "Cabin Size Really Does Matter". Pilot Reports. Flying. Hachette Filipacchi Media U.S.
  15. ^ "Pilatus Receives Excellent Feedback from Honeywell Apex Users" (PDF) (Press release). Stans: Pilatus Aircraft. 6 October 2008. Archived from the original (PDF) on 15 July 2011. Retrieved 14 June 2010 – via pilatusowners.com.
  16. ^ a b c d e Goyer, Robert (September 8, 2008). "Next Big Thing: Pilatus PC-12 NG". Pilot Reports. Flying. Hachette Filipacchi Media U.S.
  17. ^ O'Keeffe, Niall (24 April 2009). "Finnish Air Force opts for PC-12 liaison fleet". London: Flightglobal. Retrieved 21 February 2016.
  18. ^ a b "Pilatus PC-12 Spectre." Archived 2015-02-26 at the Wayback Machine Pilatus Aircraft, Retrieved: 20 February 2016.
  19. ^ "Pilatus Aircraft to Set Production Base in Chongqing Liangjiang" (Press release). Chongqing, China. PR Newswire. 24 December 2012. Retrieved 23 February 2016.
  20. ^ Wei, Xu. and Tan Yingzi. "Chongqing looking to the skies." Archived 2016-03-03 at the Wayback Machine China Daily, 16 April 2013.
  21. ^ Trautvetter, Chad. "Pilatus Taps India's Tata To Make PC-12 Aerostructures" AIN Online, 26 August 2014. Accessed: 4 September 2014.
  22. ^ Roa, Nithin. "Batting for defence." Archived 2016-03-06 at the Wayback Machine Tata Group, October 2014.
  23. ^ "Pilatus PC-12 Service Bulletin No 25-014, see section 1C(3)." Archived 2012-04-03 at the Wayback Machine Pilatus Aircraft, Retrieved: 6 October 2011.
  24. ^ Morrison, Murdo. "NBAA: Pilatus shows special mission Spectre PC-12." Flight International, 11 October 2011.
  25. ^ "Our Fleet". Royal Flying Doctor Service of Australia.
  26. ^ McClellan, J. Mac (September 5, 2007). "Best Used Turboprops". Pilot Reports. Flying. Hachette Filipacchi Media U.S.
  27. ^ Sobie, Brendan (9 October 2008). "High oil prices lead to surge in executive turboprops". Flight International.
  28. ^ Sarsfield, Kate (4 May 2009). "Singles continue to propel". Flight International.
  29. ^ Sarsfield, Kate (8 May 2012). "Business jet manufacturers turn a corner". Flight International.
  30. ^ "Pilatus PC-12: Enduring Value" (PDF). Rolland Vincent Associates. January 2016.
  31. ^ Mathews, Neelam (15 May 2012). "Amac Opens Istanbul Facility, Prepares for PC-12 Sales". Aviation International News.
  32. ^ Sarsfield, Kate (11 December 2012). "MEBA: AMAC and Pilatus join forces to promote PC-12 in Middle East". Dubai: Flightglobal.
  33. ^ Sarsfield, Kate (18 August 2014). "Surf Air acquires up to 65 PC-12NGs for members only airline". London: Flightglobal.
  34. ^ "Fractional aircraft ownership that make sense". PlaneSense.
  35. ^ Patiky, Mark (August 15, 2015). "Fractional Profile: PlaneSense Takes A Unique Heading". Aviation International News.
  36. ^ "Pilatus Delivers the 1000th PC-12" (PDF) (Press release). Pilatus Aircraft. 15 July 2010. Archived from the original (PDF) on 16 June 2011.
  37. ^ "Pilatus delivers 1200th PC-12". Skies Magazine. 13 August 2013.
  38. ^ a b "Pilatus Delivers 1400th PC-12 and Achieves Major Flight Time Milestone" (Press release). Pilatus. 5 July 2016.
  39. ^ Ian Sheppard (May 29, 2018). "Pilatus PC-12 Mx Intervals Extended". Aviation International News.
  40. ^ "The Costs to Own and Operate a Pilatus PC12". SherpaReport. 29 September 2017.
  41. ^ Mike Gerzanics (15 Oct 2019). "FLIGHT TEST: Daher TBM 940". Flightglobal.
  42. ^ "U-28A Fact Sheet". US Air Force. Archived from the original on 7 January 2019. Retrieved 13 July 2019.
  43. ^ "New Special Ops PC-12 Unit." AirForces Monthly, Issue 269, September 2010, p. 21.
  44. ^ Rolen, Staff Sgt. Lynette (19 June 2019). "AFSOC welcomes "Draco" to the fleet". Air Force Special Operations Command. US Air Force. Retrieved 22 June 2019.
  45. ^ Gerzanics, Mike (6 June 2016). "Upgraded Pilatus PC-12 powers ahead". Denver: Flightglobal. Retrieved 6 June 2016.
  46. ^ "PC-12 NG Just The Facts" (PDF). Pilatus. 20 October 2015. Archived from the original (PDF) on 9 October 2016.
  47. ^ Lednicer, David. "The Incomplete Guide to Airfoil Usage". m-selig.ae.illinois.edu. Retrieved 16 April 2019.

Further reading[edit]

  • Endres, Günter. The Illustrated Directory of Modern Commercial Aircraft. St. Paul, Minnesota: MBI Publishing, 2001. ISBN 0-7603-1125-0.

External links[edit]

  • Official website
  • "Flight Test: Pilatus PC-12NG". Flight Global. 12 May 2008.
  • "Type Certificate Data Sheet A.089, Issue 04" (PDF). European Aviation Safety Agency. 4 November 2009.
  • "Pilatus bounds ahead". Flight International. 19 April 2011.
  • Goyer, Robert (June 25, 2013). "PC-12 Versus the World". Flying. Bonnier Corporation.
  • Sarsfield, Kate (11 February 2014). "Pilatus introduces enhancements to PC-12 NG". Flightglobal. London.
  • Fred George (Apr 27, 2016). "Pilot Report: Pilatus PC-12 NG Faster and farther, more capable and more comfortable". Business & Commercial Aviation.