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В этой статье перечислены прямые английские переводы распространенных латинских фраз. Некоторые из фраз сами по себе являются переводами греческих фраз , поскольку греческая риторика и литература достигли своего пика за несколько столетий до Древнего Рима .
| Этот список представляет собой комбинацию из двадцати разделенных страниц « Списка латинских фраз ». |
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| латинский | Перевод | Примечания |
|---|---|---|
| A Bene Placito | от одного очень довольного | т.е. «по желанию» или «по желанию». Эта фраза и ее производные в итальянском ( Beneplacito ) и испанском ( Beneplácito ) синонимичны более распространенному ad libitum (по желанию). |
| большое объявление минус | от большего к меньшему | От общего к частному; «То, что верно для всех X, верно и для одного конкретного X». - argumentum a fortiori |
| незначительное объявление maius | от меньшего к большему | Вывод от меньшего к большему; то, что запрещено, по крайней мере, запрещено больше («Если езда на велосипеде с двумя на нем запрещена, езда на велосипеде с тремя, по крайней мере, наказывается аналогичным образом».) |
| a caelo usque ad centrum | с неба в центр | то есть «от Небес до центра Земли». В законе это может относиться к собственному принципу cuius est solum, eius est usque ad coelum et ad inferos («кто бы ни был почвой, он его до неба и до глубин [Земли]»). |
| a capite ad calcem | с головы до пят | т.е. «сверху вниз», «полностью» или «с головы до пят». См. Также pedibus usque ad caput . |
| a contrario | с противоположной стороны | т.е. «наоборот» или « au contraire ». Таким образом, argumentsum a contrario («аргумент от противоположного») является аргументом или доказательством противоположного или прямо противоположного. |
| a falsis Principiis proficisci | излагать ложные принципы | Юридическая фраза. От Цицерона , Де Финибус IV.53. |
| a fortiori | от более сильного | т.е. «тем более» или «с еще более веской причиной». Часто используется для перехода от менее определенного утверждения к более очевидному следствию. |
| Pedibus usque ad caput | с ног до головы | то есть «полностью», «от кончиков пальцев до пят», «с головы до пят». Точно так же capite ad calcem . См. Также ab ovo usque ad mala . |
| отряд ad esse | от возможности быть | «От возможности к действительности» или «от возможности к актуальности». |
| апостериорный | из последнего | На основе наблюдений, т. Е. Эмпирических данных . Противоположно априори . Используется в математике и логике для обозначения чего-то, что известно после проведения доказательства. В философии используется для обозначения чего-то известного из опыта. |
| априори | из бывшего | Предполагается независимо от опыта; обратная апостериори . Используется в математике и логике для обозначения чего-то, что известно или постулируется до того, как будет проведено доказательство. В философии употребление для обозначения чего-либо предполагается без эмпирических данных. В повседневной речи это означает что-то происходящее или известное до события. |
| a solis ortu usque ad occum | от восхода до заката | |
| ab absurdo | от абсурда | Упомянутый аргумент либо для вывода, который основан на предполагаемой абсурдности аргумента оппонента (ср. Призыв к высмеиванию ), либо что другое утверждение ложно, потому что оно абсурдно. Эта фраза отличается от reductio ad absurdum , которое обычно является допустимым логическим аргументом. |
| ab abusu ad usum без камердинера | Вывод об использовании из злоупотребления недействителен. | т.е. право остается правом, даже если им злоупотребляют (например, неправильно с моральной / этической точки зрения); ср. § abusus non tollit usum . |
| ab aeterno | из вечности | Буквально «из вечности», «из вечности» или «извне времени». С философской и теологической точки зрения он указывает на что-то, например, вселенную, которая была создана извне. Иногда неправильно используют для обозначения чего - то, а не из без времени, но с точки внутри времени, то есть « с незапамятных времен », «с начала времени.» или «из бесконечно далекого прошлого») |
| ab antiquo | из древних | т.е. с древних времен |
| ab epistulis | из букв [1] | Относительно переписки или относящейся к ней. [1] Ab epistulis изначально назывался секретарским офисом в Римской империи. |
| ab extra | извне / извне | Юридический термин, обозначающий происхождение из внешнего источника, в отличие от личности или разума человека, последний из которых обозначается ab intra . |
| ab hinc | с этого момента | Также иногда пишется как «абхинк». |
| ab imo pectore | из самой глубокой груди | то есть «от всего сердца», «с глубочайшей любовью» или «искренне». Приписывается Юлию Цезарю . |
| ab inconvenienti | из неудобной вещи | Новое латинское слово «из-за непригодности», «из-за неудобства» или «из-за невзгод». Argumentum абы inconvenienti один на основе трудностей в проведении линии рассуждений, и, таким образом , форма обращения к последствиям . Эта фраза относится к правовому принципу, согласно которому аргумент, связанный с неудобством, имеет большой вес. |
| ab incunabulis | с пеленок | т.е. «с самого начала» или «с младенчества». Инкунабула обычно используется в английском языке для обозначения самой ранней стадии или происхождения чего-либо, и особенно для копий книг, которые предшествовали распространению печатного станка c. AD 1500 . |
| ab initio | с начала | т.е. «с самого начала», имея в виду расследование или расследование. Ab initio mundi означает «от начала мира». В литературе это относится к истории, рассказанной с самого начала, а не к medias res («с середины»). В науке это относится к первым принципам . В других контекстах это часто относится к курсам для начинающих или к курсам обучения. В законе это относится к тому, что было истинным с самого начала или с момента совершения действия, а не с того момента, когда суд объявил это так. Аналогичным образом, аннулирование - это судебное признание недействительности или недействительности брака ab initio.: так называемый брак был «ничем» (лат. nullius , от которого происходит слово «ничтожность») и никогда не существовал, за исключением, возможно, только названия. |
| ab интестато | от завещания | то есть от (мертвого) умершего, который умер без исполнения законного завещания; ср. ex testamento |
| ab intra | изнутри | т.е. изнутри, в отличие от ab extra («извне»). |
| ab invito | против чьей-либо воли | |
| ab irato | от / от сердитого человека | Буквально «от разгневанного человека». Хотя форма ирато является мужской, применение этой фразы не ограничивается мужчинами. Скорее, «человек» имеет в виду, потому что фраза, вероятно, elides homo («человек / человек»), а не vir («человек»). Он используется в законе для описания решения или действия, которые мотивированы ненавистью или гневом, а не разумом и наносят ущерб тем, кого они затрагивают. |
| ab origine | из источника | т. е. от источника, начала, источника или начала; или «изначально». Корень слова абориген . |
| ab ovo | из яйца | т.е. с самого начала или происхождения. Произведено от более длинной фразы из « Сатиры 1.3 Горация » : « ab ovo usque ad mala », что означает «от яйца до яблок», имея в виду то, как древнеримские блюда обычно начинались с блюда из яиц и заканчивались фруктами ( ср. английское словосочетание « суп к орехам» ). Таким образом, ab ovo означает «с самого начала» и может означать тщательность . |
| absens haeres non erit | отсутствующий человек не будет наследником | Правовой принцип, согласно которому человек, которого нет на месте, вряд ли унаследует. |
| absente reo (абс. ре.) | [с] отсутствием ответчика | Юридическое словосочетание, обозначающее действие «в отсутствие обвиняемого». |
| абсит иниурия | отсутствует из-за травмы | т.е. «без оскорблений», что означает желание, чтобы слова говорящего не предполагали и не наносили оскорбления или оскорбления. Также переводится как absit iniuria verbis («пусть в этих словах нет вреда»). ср. абсит invidia . |
| абсит invidia | отсутствует от зависти | В отличие от «без оскорблений», absit invidia используется в контексте заявления о превосходстве, чтобы отогнать завистливых божеств, которые могут интерпретировать заявление о превосходстве как высокомерие . Также расширен до absit invidia verbo («может в этих словах не будет злой воли / зависти»). ср. absit iniuria verbis . [2] |
| абсолютное предзнаменование | отсутствует в предзнаменовании | т.е. «пусть это не будет плохим предзнаменованием», выражающее надежду, что что-то плохое не обернется несчастьем в будущем. |
| Absolutum Dominium | абсолютное владычество | то есть полная или верховная власть, доминион, владение или суверенитет |
| Absolvo | Я прощаю | Срок, установленный судьей для оправдания подсудимого после судебного разбирательства. Те absolvo или absolvo тэ ( «Я прощаю тебя»), говорят католические священники во время Таинства от исповеди , до начала Второго Ватиканского собора и в жаргоне после этого. |
| обилие cautela non nocet | обильная осторожность не вредит | т.е. "никогда нельзя быть слишком осторожным" |
| ab uno disce omnes | от одного, узнай все | Относится к ситуациям, в которых единственный пример или наблюдение указывает на общую или универсальную истину. Придуман Вергилием , Энеида II 65-6 гг. Пример: при дворе короля Сайласа в американском телесериале Kings . |
| ab urbe condita (AUC) | с момента основания города | то есть «от основания Рима», которое произошло в 753 г. до н.э., согласно Ливию . Он использовался в качестве справочного года в Древнем Риме, от которого отсчитывались последующие годы, до того, как был заменен другими соглашениями о датировании. Также anno urbis conditae (AUC) буквально «в год основания города». |
| abusus non tollit usum | неправильное использование не отменяет использования | Неправильное использование какой-либо вещи не исключает возможности ее правильного использования. ср. ab abusu ad usum без камердинера |
| ab utili | от утилиты | Используемый аргумент |
| abyssus abyssum invocat | глубокий зов к глубокому | Из Псалма 42: 7 ; в некоторых переводах есть «морские заходы в море». |
| Accipe hoc | возьми это | Лозунг 848 военно - морской авиационной эскадрильи , Британского Королевского военно - морского флота |
| accusare nemo se debet nisi coram Deo | никто не должен обвинять себя, кроме как в присутствии Бога | Правовой принцип, означающий, что обвиняемый имеет право не признавать себя виновным, и что свидетель не обязан отвечать или представлять документ, свидетельствующий о себе . Похожая фраза - nemo tenetur se ipsum accusare («никто не обязан обвинять себя»). |
| acta deos numquam mortalia fallunt | смертные действия никогда не обманывают богов | Произведено из Ovid , Tristia , I.ii, 97: si tamen acta deos numquam mortalia fallunt, / a culpa facinus scitis abesse mea. («Но если смертные действия никогда не обманывают богов, / вы знаете, что преступление отсутствовало по моей вине».) |
| acta est fabula plaudite | Спектакль поставлен; аплодирую! | Обычное окончание древнеримских комедий: Светоний утверждал в «Двенадцати цезарях», что это были последние слова Августа ; Сибелиус применил их к третьей части своего струнного квартета № 2, чтобы аудитория узнала, что она была последней, потому что обычно ожидается четвертая часть. |
| acta non verba | Дела, а не слова | Девиз Академии торгового флота США . |
| acta sanctorum | Деяния святых | Также используется в единственном числе перед именем святого: Acta Sancti («Деяния святого») N .; общее название агиографии работ |
| действия secundum fidei | действие следует за верой | то есть, «мы действуем согласно тому, что мы считаем (себя)». [3] |
| actore non probante reus absolvitur | Подсудимый оправдан в связи с неспособностью обвинения доказать свою версию [4] | презумпция невиновности |
| actus me invito factus non est meus actus | действие, совершенное мной против моей воли, не является моим действием | |
| actus non facit reum nisi mens sit rea | Действие не делает [человека] виновным, если только разум не виноват. | Правовой принцип презумпции mens rea в преступлении |
| состав преступления | виновный акт | Фактическое совершенное преступление, в отличие от намерения, мышления и обоснования, которые привели к преступному действию; внешние элементы преступления, а не внутренние элементы (т.е. mens rea ). |
| до абсурда | до абсурда | С точки зрения логики , это может быть глупо или бессмысленно. См. Также reductio ad absurdum . Не путать с ab absurdo («от абсурда»). |
| объявление обильное | к изобилию | Используется юридическим языком при предоставлении дополнительных доказательств уже достаточной коллекции. Также часто используется как эквивалент «как будто этого недостаточно». |
| ad acta | в архив | Обозначая неуместность вещи |
| ad altiora teno | Я стремлюсь к высшему | |
| до арбитража | по желанию, по желанию | |
| ad astra | к звездам | Общее название или девиз, полностью или частично, среди многих публикаций |
| ad astra per aspera | к звездам через трудности | то есть «к звездам ведет неровная дорога», как на мемориальной доске астронавтов Аполлона-1 на стартовом комплексе 34 . Используется как девиз штата Канзас и других организаций |
| ad augusta per angusta | через трудности к почестям | то есть подняться на высокую позицию, преодолев невзгоды. |
| ad captandum vulgus | увлечь толпу | т.е. обратиться к массам. Часто говорят о политиках или используют их. Точно так же аргумент ad captandum - это аргумент, призванный угодить толпе. |
| ad clerum | к духовенству | Официальное письмо или сообщение в христианской традиции от епископа своему духовенству. Объявление clerum может быть поощрение в период празднования или технического объяснения новых правил или канонов . |
| Деукалион | от или после Девкалиона | Давным давно; из Гая Луцилия , Сатиры VI, 284 |
| ad eundem | в то же самое | Объявление eundem степень (производный от объявления eundem gradum , «на той же стадии или степени») является степень вежливости присуждается в университете или колледже к выпускнику другого. Это не почетная степень , а признание формального обучения, за которое эта степень была получена в другом колледже. |
| рекламные фонты | к источникам | Девиз гуманизма Возрождения и протестантской Реформации |
| рекламный фонд | ко дну | т.е. "снизу вверх!" (во время обычного тоста ) или «назад к основам», в зависимости от контекста. |
| для этого случая | к этому | то есть «для этого» в смысле импровизированного или предназначенного только для конкретной, непосредственной цели. |
| ad hominem | к / у мужчину | Используется термин argumentsum ad hominem , логическая ошибка, при которой сам человек подвергается критике, когда предметом обсуждения является его идея или аргумент, на основании ошибочного предположения, что обоснованность аргумента зависит от качеств его сторонника. |
| ad honorem | к / за честь | т.е. не с целью получения какого-либо материального вознаграждения |
| до бесконечности | до бесконечности | то есть, вечно терпеть. Используется для обозначения свойства, которое повторяется во всех случаях в математическом доказательстве . Также используется в философском контексте для обозначения «повторение во всех случаях». |
| ad interim (объявление int.) | тем временем | Как и в термине « временный поверенный в делах », обозначающем дипломатического сотрудника, который действует вместо посла. |
| ad kalendas graecas | в греческих календах | т.е. « когда свиньи летают ». Приписываемая Светония в Цезарях к Августе . Календы были определенными днями римского , а не греческого календаря , поэтому «греческие календы» никогда не встречались. |
| ad libitum (без ограничений) | к удовольствию | т.е. «по своему усмотрению» или «по вашему желанию». В музыкальных и театральных сценариях это обычно означает, что исполнитель вправе что-то изменить или опустить. Ad lib часто используется, особенно когда кто-то импровизирует или игнорирует ограничения. Также используется некоторыми ресторанами в пользу разговорного «все, что вы можете съесть или выпить». Libitum приходит из прошлого причастия из Либера ( «угодить»). |
| ad litem | к иску | Юридическая фраза, относящаяся к стороне, назначенной судом действовать в судебном процессе от имени другой стороны, которая считается неспособной представлять себя. Лицо, которое действует в этом качестве, называется опекуном ad litem . |
| ad locum (место объявления) | на месте | Используется для предложения поиска информации о термине в соответствующем месте цитируемого справочного произведения. |
| ad lucem | к свету | часто используемый девиз для учебных заведений |
| ad maiorem Dei gloriam (AMDG) | Для большей славы Бога | девиз Общества Иисуса (иезуитов) |
| ad meliora | к лучшему | Девиз колледжа Святого Патрика, Каван , Ирландия |
| ad mortem | до / при смерти | Медицинская фраза, служащая синонимом смерти |
| ad multos annos | ко многим годам | Желаю долгой жизни; похоже на « много счастливых возвращений ». |
| до тошноты | к болезни | т.е. «до отвращения». Иногда используется как юмористическая альтернатива до бесконечности . Argumentum объявление оскомина является логической ошибкой , в которой ошибочное доказательство протянутая длительного повторением аргумента, т.е. аргумент повторяется стольких раз , что лицо «надоели». |
| ad oculos | к глазам | т.е. "очевидно с первого взгляда" или "очевидно для всех, кто это видит" |
| ad pedem litterae | к подножию письма | т.е. «в точности так, как написано», «до буквы» или «до мельчайших деталей». |
| ad perpetuam memoriam | к вечной памяти | Как правило, перед словом «из» и именем человека используется, чтобы пожелать, чтобы кого-то запомнили спустя долгое время после смерти. |
| ad pondus omnium (ad pond om) | на вес всего | т.е. «учитывая вес всего». Аббревиатура исторически использовалась врачами и другими людьми для обозначения того, что последний прописанный ингредиент должен весить столько же, сколько все ранее упомянутые. |
| ad quod damnum | к любому ущербу | т.е. «в зависимости от вреда» или «пропорционально вреду». Эта фраза используется в деликтном праве как мера причиненного ущерба , подразумевая, что средство правовой защиты (если оно существует) должно конкретно и только соответствовать понесенному ущербу. ср. damnum absque iniuria . |
| рекламный референдум (ad ref) | ссылаться | т.е. подлежат предложению, предварительному утверждению, но все еще нуждаются в официальном утверждении. Не то же самое, что референдум . |
| ad rem | к делу | т.е. «по делу» или «без отступления » |
| адсумус | мы здесь | Девиз бразильской морской пехоты |
| ad susceptum perficiendum | для достижения того, что было предпринято | Девиз Ассоциации трастовых школ |
| ad terminum qui praeteriit | на срок, который прошел | Юридическая фраза для приказа о въезде [5] |
| ad undas | к волнам | т.е. "в ад" |
| ad unum | к одному | |
| ad usum Delphini | для использования Dauphin | Said of a work that has been expurgated of offensive or improper parts. Originates from editions of Greek and Roman classics which King Louis XIV of France had censored for his heir apparent, the Dauphin. Also rarely in usum Delphini ("into the use of the Dauphin"). |
| ad usum proprium (ad us. propr.) | for one's own use | |
| ad utrumque paratus | prepared for either [alternative] | Motto of Lund University, with the implied alternatives being the book (study) and the sword (defending the nation in war), and of the United States Marine Corps' III Marine Expeditionary Force |
| ad valorem | according to value | Используется в торговле для обозначения адвалорных налогов , т. Е. Налогов , основанных на оценочной стоимости недвижимости или движимого имущества. |
| объявление Викториам | к / для победы | Используется римлянами как боевой клич . |
| ad vitam aeternam | к вечной жизни | т.е. «к жизни вечной». Распространенная библейская фраза |
| ad vitam aut culpam | на всю жизнь или до вины | Используется по отношению к окончанию политического срока после смерти или падения офицера (кончина, как в случае совершения им достаточно серьезной аморальности и / или правового преступления). |
| добавление | вещь, которую нужно добавить | т.е. элемент, который нужно добавить, особенно в качестве дополнения к книге. Множественное число - дополнения . |
| adaequatio rei et intellectus | соответствие ума и реальности | Одно из классических определений «истины»: когда разум имеет ту же форму, что и реальность, мы думаем об истине . Также обозначается как adaequatio intellectus et rei . |
| Adaequatio intellectus nostri cum re | соответствие интеллекта факту | Фраза, используемая в эпистемологии относительно природы понимания. |
| адсум | я здесь | т.е. "настоящее!" или "здесь!" Противоположность абсуму («меня нет»). |
| adversus solem ne loquitor | не говорите против Солнца | т.е. «не спорьте о том, что явно / явно неверно». |
| адвокат диаболи | Адвокат дьявола | Тот, кто перед лицом конкретного аргумента озвучивает аргумент, который он не обязательно принимает, ради аргумента и открытия истины путем проверки аргумента оппонента. ср. аргуендо . |
| эгри сомния | сны больного человека | т.е. «тревожные сны». Из Горация , Ars Poetica VII 7. |
| Aes Alienum | внешний долг | т.е. "чужие деньги" |
| aetatis suae (aetatis, aetat. или aet .) | его возраста или в возрасте | Слово aetatis означает «в возрасте» или «в возрасте» (например, «aetatis 36» означает «в возрасте 36 лет» или «в возрасте 36 лет»). Появляется на портретах, надгробиях, памятниках и т. д. Обычно предшествует anno (AAS) , «в год № [его возраста / жизни]». Часто сочетается с Anno Domini , указывая дату как возраст Иисуса Христа, так и возраст умершего. Пример: « Obiit anno Domini MDCXXXVI o (tricensimo sexto), [anno] aetatis suae XXV o (vicensimo quinto) » («он умер в 1636-м году Господа, [будучи] 25-м [годом] своего возраста [/ жизнь]"). |
| показания под присягой | он утверждал | Юридический термин, производный от fides («вера»), происходящего, по крайней мере, из средневековой латыни для обозначения заявления под присягой. |
| age quod agis | делай то, что ты делаешь | т.е. «делай то, что делаешь» или «делай хорошо, что делаешь». Образно говоря , это означает «продолжай, потому что ты вдохновлен или предан этому». Это девиз нескольких римско-католических школ, который также использовал Папа Иоанн XXIII в смысле «не занимайтесь никаким другим вопросом, кроме поставленной задачи»; он успокаивал беспокойство о том, что с ним будет в будущем: его чувство возраста quod agis было «радостью» относительно того, что происходит в настоящее время, и «отрешенностью» от заботы о будущем. [6] |
| agere sequitur (esse) | действие следует за тем, чтобы быть | Метафизический и моральный принцип, указывающий на связь онтологии , обязательства и этики . [3] |
| Agnus Dei | агнец Божий | Относится как к невиновности агнца, так и к тому, что Христос был жертвенным агнцем по иудейской религиозной практике. Это латинский перевод от Иоанна 1:36 , когда Иоанн Креститель восклицает: « Ecce Agnus Dei !» («Вот Агнец Божий!»), Увидев Иисуса Христа . |
| алея iacta est | жребий был брошен | Сказано Юлием Цезарем ( греч . Ἀνερρίφθω κύβος , anerrhíphthō kýbos ) после пересечения Рубикона в 49 г. до н.э., согласно Светонию . Первоначальное значение было похоже на «игра идет», но его современное значение, как и фраза « пересечение Рубикона », означает преодоление точки невозврата при принятии важного решения и вступление в рискованное предприятие, результат которого таков. оставлено на волю случая. |
| аленда люкс ubi orta libertas | Да будет свет питать там, где возникла свобода | «Свет» означает обучение. Девиз Davidson College . |
| псевдоним | в другое время, иначе | Вымышленное имя или псевдоним ; похоже на alter ego , но более конкретно относится к имени, а не ко «второму я». |
| алиби | в другом месте | Правовая защита, когда обвиняемый пытается доказать, что он находился в другом месте в момент совершения преступления (например, «его алиби надежно; он дал показания, что он был в другом городе в ночь убийства»). |
| al liquid stat pro aliquo | что-то означает что-то другое | Основополагающее определение в семиотике . |
| Алис Аквила | на крыльях орла | Из Исаии 40 : «А надеющиеся на Господа обновятся в силе, поднимутся на крылья, как орлы, потекут - и не устанут, пойдут - и не утомятся». |
| Алис Грейв ноль | нет ничего тяжелого с крыльями | т. е. «нет ничего тяжелого для имеющих крылья»; девиз Папского католического университета Рио-де-Жанейро , Бразилия |
| алис волат проприис | она летает на собственных крыльях | Девиз штата Орегон , принятый в 1987 году, заменил предыдущий девиз штата «Союз», принятый в 1957 году. |
| альма матер | кормящая мать | Термин, используемый для университета, который посещает или посещал. Другой университетский термин, аттестат зрелости , также происходит от слова mater . Этот термин предполагает, что студентов «кормят» знаниями и заботятся о них университет. Он также используется для традиционного школьного гимна университета. |
| альтер эго | другой я | то есть другое «я», вторая личность или псевдоним . Может использоваться для описания разных аспектов или идентичностей одного персонажа или разных персонажей, которые кажутся представителями одной и той же личности. Часто используется в вымышленный персонаж «s тайной личности . |
| alterius non sit qui suus esse potest | пусть никто не будет чужим, кто может быть своим | Эта фраза, обычно приписываемая Цицерону , является последним предложением в приписываемой Эзопу басне « Лягушки, которые мечтали о короле », которая появляется в сборнике, широко известном как « Анонимус Невелети », в Fable 21B: De ranis a Iove querentibus regem . Used as a motto by Paracelsus. |
| alterum non laedere | to not wound another | One of Justinian I's three basic legal precepts |
| alumnus, or, alumna | pupil | Graduate or former student of a school, college, or university. Plural of alumnus is alumni (male). Plural of alumna is alumnae (female). |
| a mari usque ad mare | from sea to sea | From Psalm 72:8, "Et dominabitur a mari usque ad mare, et a flumine usque ad terminos terrae" (KJV: "He shall have dominion also from sea to sea, and from the river unto the ends of the earth"). National motto of Canada. |
| amat victoria curam | victory favours care | Motto of several schools |
| amicus certus in re incerta | верный друг в неуверенном вопросе | Из Энния , цитируемого Цицероном в Laelius de Amicitia , s. 64 |
| amicus curiae | друг суда | т. е. советник или лицо, которое может получить или предоставить доступ к благосклонности могущественной группы (например, Римской курии ). В современном правовом обиходе США amicus curiae - это третья сторона, которой разрешено подавать в суд юридическое заключение в форме заключения amicus short . |
| Амикус Платон, sed magis amica veritas . | Платон - мой друг, но правда - лучший друг. | Утверждение, что правда дороже дружбы. Приписывается Аристотелю , Никомахова этика , 1096a15; и Роджер Бэкон , Opus Majus , Часть 1, Глава 5. |
| amicus usque ad aras | друг до алтарей | «друг до алтарей», «друг, чья единственная высшая преданность - религии,» друг до самого конца ». |
| Amittere Legem Terrae | потерять закон страны | Устаревшая юридическая фраза, означающая лишение права приносить присягу в любом суде или по делу или стать дурной славой. |
| любовь интеллектуалов | интеллектуальная любовь к Богу | От Баруха Спинозы |
| amor et melle et felle est fecundissimus | любовь богата медом и ядом | Из первого действия, сцена первая из пьесы Плавта " Цистеллария" . [7] |
| amor fati | любовь к судьбе | Ницшеанское мировоззрение, альтернативное тому, которое представлено через memento mori («помни, что ты должен умереть»): Ницше считал, что amor fati более позитивно относится к жизни. |
| amor omnibus idem | любовь одинакова для всех | От Вергилия , Георгия III |
| amor patriae | любовь к отечеству | то есть «любовь к нации»; патриотизм |
| любовь винчит омния | любовь побеждает все | Первоначально от Вергилия , Eclogues X, 69 : omnia vincit amor: et nos cedamus amori («любовь побеждает все: давайте тоже подчинимся любви»). Фраза вписана на браслете , который носит настоятельница в Чосер «s Canterbury Tales . |
| An nescis, mi fili, quantilla prudentia mundus regatur? | Разве ты не знаешь, сын мой, как мало мудрости управляют миром? | Сказал Аксель Оксеншерна, чтобы ободрить своего сына, делегата переговоров, которые приведут к Вестфальскому миру , который беспокоился о своей способности выстоять среди опытных и выдающихся государственных деятелей и дипломатов. |
| Anglice | на английском | Используется перед англоязычной версией слова или имени. Например, "Terra Mariae, anglice , Maryland". |
| Анимус в Consulendo Liber | ум, свободный в размышлениях | Девиз НАТО |
| анно (ан.) | в год | Также используется в таких фразах, как anno urbis conditae (см. Ab urbe condita ), Anno Domini и anno regni . |
| Анно Домини (AD) | в год нашего Господа | Аббревиатура от Anno Domini Nostri Jesu Christi («в год Господа нашего Иисуса Христа»), наиболее часто используемой системы датирования лет во всем мире; используется с григорианским календарем и основывается на предполагаемом году рождения Иисуса Христа . Годы до Его рождения раньше обозначены а. C. n ( ante Christum natum , «до рождения Христа»), но теперь используют английскую аббревиатуру «BC» («до Христа»). Например, Август родился в 63 году до нашей эры и умер в 14 году нашей эры. |
| Анно Регни | В год правления | Предшествует "of" и нынешнему правителю |
| Annuit coeptis | он кивает на то, что уже началось | т.е. «он одобряет наши обязательства». Девиз на реверсе Большой печати Соединенных Штатов и, следовательно, на реверсе однодолларовой купюры Соединенных Штатов ; в этом контексте девиз относится к Богу. |
| annus horribilis | ужасный год | Вариация annus mirabilis , записанная в печати с 1890 года. [8] В частности, используется в речи королевы Елизаветы II, чтобы описать, каким плохим был для нее 1992 год. На классической латыни это словосочетание фактически означает «страшный год». См. Также annus terribilis . |
| Annus Mirabilis | чудесный год | В частности, используется для обозначения 1665 и 1666 годов, в течение которых Исаак Ньютон сделал революционные изобретения и открытия в области исчисления, движения, оптики и гравитации. Annus Mirabilis - это также название стихотворения Джона Драйдена, написанного в том же году. С тех пор он использовался для обозначения других лет, особенно 1905 года, когда Альберт Эйнштейн сделал столь же революционные открытия, касающиеся фотоэлектрического эффекта, броуновского движения, эквивалентности массы и энергии и специальной теории относительности. ( См. Документы Annus Mirabilis ) |
| Annus Terribilis | ужасный год | Используется для обозначения 1348 года, года, когда Черная смерть начала поражать Европу. |
| анте беллум | перед войной | Как в status quo ante bellum («как было до войны»); обычно используется как довоенный период, предшествующий Гражданской войне в США , в первую очередь в отношении южных штатов США того времени. |
| ante cibum (ac) | перед едой | Медицинское сокращение от "до еды" |
| ante faciem Domini | перед лицом Господа | Девиз колледжа христианских братьев, Аделаида |
| ante litteram | перед письмом | Сказано о выражении или термине, описывающем что-то, существовавшее до того, как сама фраза была введена или стала общепринятой. Пример: Алан Тьюринг был ученым-компьютерщиком ante litteram , поскольку область « информатики » еще не была признана во времена Тьюринга. |
| ante meridiem (am) | до полудня | С полуночи до полудня; назначить пост меридием |
| предсмертный | перед смертью | См. Вскрытие («после смерти») |
| анте омния армари | прежде всего, будь вооружен | |
| ante prandium (ap) | до обеда | Используется в фармацевтических рецептах для обозначения «перед едой». Реже встречается post prandium («после обеда»). |
| antiqui colant antiquum dierum | пусть древние поклоняются древним дням | Девиз Честера |
| aperire terram gentibus | открыть землю для народов | Девиз Фердинанда де Лессепса, касающийся Суэцкого и Панамского каналов. Также появляется на мемориальной доске на вокзале Киншасы . |
| аппаратный критик | инструменты критика | Текстовые примечания или список других прочтений, относящихся к документу, особенно в научном издании текста. |
| апология про жизнь суа | защита своей жизни [9] | |
| апуд | в трудах | Используется в научных работах для цитирования из вторых рук |
| аква (водн.) | вода | |
| аква фортис | сильная вода | Относится к азотной кислоте , так называемой из-за ее способности растворять все материалы, кроме золота и платины. |
| чистая вода | чистая вода | Или «чистая вода» или «чистая вода» |
| царская водка | королевская вода | Относится к смеси соляной кислоты и азотной кислоты , названной таким образом из-за ее способности растворять золото и платину. |
| аква витэ | вода жизни | «Дух вина» во многих английских текстах. Используется для обозначения различных местных дистиллированных напитков , таких как виски ( uisge beatha ) в Шотландии и Ирландии, джин в Нидерландах, бренди ( eau de vie ) во Франции и аквавит в Скандинавии. |
| aquila non capit muscas | орел не ловит мух | Или «благородный или важный человек не занимается незначительными делами» |
| arare litus | бороздить берег моря | Дезидериус Эразм , Адагия (1508 г. н.э.); что означает "потраченный впустую труд" |
| арбитр elegantiarum | ценитель вкусов | Тот, кто предписывает, управляет или является признанным авторитетом в вопросах социального поведения и вкусов. Сказано о Петронии . Иногда встречается в единственном числе как арбитр elegantiae («судья вкуса»). |
| arcana imperii | секреты силы | Первоначально использовался Тацитом для обозначения государственных секретов и необъяснимых действий римского имперского правительства. |
| arcanum boni tenoris animae | Секрет хорошего настроения | Девиз пивоварни Starobrno в Брно |
| arcus senilis | лук старика | Непрозрачный круг вокруг роговицы глаза, часто наблюдаемый у пожилых людей. Когда он обнаруживается у пациентов младше 50 лет, он называется arcus juvenilis. |
| Arduus Ad Solem | Стремление к солнцу | Девиз Университета Виктории в Манчестере |
| Аргентум альбом | белое серебро | Также «серебряная монета»; упоминается в Книге Судного дня ; означает слиток или серебро без чеканки |
| аргуендо | для спора | Или «для аргументации». Сказано, когда что-то делается исключительно для того, чтобы обсудить вопрос или проиллюстрировать точку зрения. Например , «предположим, arguendo , что ваше утверждение верно». |
| аргумент | аргумент | Or "reasoning", "inference", "appeal", or "proof". The plural is argumenta. Commonly used in the names of logical arguments and fallacies, preceding phrases such as a silentio (by silence), ad antiquitatem (to antiquity), ad baculum (to the stick), ad captandum (to capturing), ad consequentiam (to the consequence), ad crumenam (to the purse), ad feminam (to the woman), ad hominem (to the person), ad ignorantiam (to ignorance), ad invidiam(к зависти / ревности / ненависти / упрека - обращение к низким страстям), ad judicium (к осуждению), ad lazarum (к бедности), ad logicam (к логике), ad metum (к страху), ad misericordiam (к жалость), ad nauseam (к тошноте), ad novitatem (к новизне), ad personam (к персонажу), ad numerum (к числу), ad odium (назло), ad populum (к людям), ad temperantiam (к умеренности), ad verecundiam (к благоговению), ex silntio (от молчания), in terrorem(в ужас) и e contrario (от / до противоположного). |
| Armata Potentia | вооруженный и мощный | Обвинение мирового судьи в средневековой Англии против тех, кто с оружием в руках выступил против Королевского мира. |
| ars celare artem | искусство [это] скрыть искусство | Эстетический идеал, согласно которому хорошее искусство должно казаться естественным, а не надуманным. Средневекового происхождения, но часто ошибочно приписывается Овидию . [10] |
| ars gratia artis | искусство ради искусства | В переводе на латынь с « Искусство для искусства» Бодлера . Девиз Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer . Хотя логотип MGM симметричен, лучший порядок слов на латыни - «Ars artis gratia». |
| ars longa, vita brevis | искусство долго, жизнь коротка | Сенека , De Brevitate Vitae , 1.1, перевод фразы Гиппократа, которая часто используется вне контекста. «Искусство», упомянутое в первоначальном афоризме, было ремеслом медицины, на освоение которого ушла целая жизнь. |
| искусство и труд | искусством и трудом | Девиз Блэкберн Роверс |
| arte et marte | умением и борьбой | Девиз Королевских инженеров-электриков и механиков Британской армии и Отделения электротехники и машиностроения (EME) Канадских вооруженных сил |
| Artis Bohemiae Amicis | Друзья чешского искусства | Награда министра культуры Чешской Республики за продвижение положительной репутации чешской культуры за рубежом |
| Асинус Ад Лирам | задница до лиры | Дезидериус Эразм , Адагия (1508 г. н.э.); что означает "неуклюжий или некомпетентный человек" |
| Asinus asinum fricat | осел трет осла | Используется для описания двух человек, чрезмерно хвалящих друг друга. |
| Assecuratus non quaerit lucrum sed agit ne in damno sit | Застрахованный не стремится к прибыли, но получает [это его прибыль], чтобы он не был в убытке | Относится к принципу страхования, согласно которому размер возмещения не может превышать размер ущерба. |
| astra inclinant, sed необязательный | звезды склоняют нас, они не связывают нас | Относится к отличию свободы воли от астрологического детерминизма. |
| auctores varii | разные авторы | Используется в библиографии книг, текстов, публикаций или статей, у которых более трех соавторов. |
| auctoritas | власть | Уровень престижа человека в римском обществе |
| auctoritas non veritas facit legem | власть, а не правда, делает закон | Эта формула появляется в переработанном латинском издании 1668 года « Левиафана» Томаса Гоббса , книга 2, глава 26, с. 133 . |
| audacia pro muro et scuto opus | смелость - наша стена, действие - наш щит | Корнелис Йол , [11] в попытке сплотить своих мятежных капитанов, чтобы сразиться и завоевать испанский флот с сокровищами в 1638 году. |
| audacter calumniare, semper aliquid haeret | клевещут смело, всегда что-то прилипает | Фрэнсис Бэкон , De Augmentis Scientiarum (1623 г.) |
| Аудакс в Фиделис | смелый, но верный | Мотто из Квинсленда , Австралия |
| audeamus | let us dare | Motto of the Canadian Special Operations Regiment [CSOR] on their regimental coat of arms; of Otago University Students' Association, a direct response to the university's motto of sapere aude ("dare to be wise"); and of Champlain College in Burlington, Vermont. |
| audemus jura nostra defendere | we dare to defend our rights | Motto of the State of Alabama, adopted in 1923; translated into Latin from a paraphrase of the stanza "Men who their duties know / But know their rights, and knowing, dare maintain" from William Jones, "What Constitutes a State?" |
| audentes fortuna iuvat | fortune favors the bold | Из Вергилия , Энеида , Книга 10, 284, где первое слово находится в архаической форме audentis . Предположительно последние слова Плиния Старшего перед тем, как он покинул доки в Помпеях, чтобы спасти людей от извержения Везувия в 79 году. Часто цитируется как audaces fortuna iuvat . Также девиз португальских армейских коммандос и USS Montpelier в последней форме. |
| Audere Est Facere | решиться это делать | Девиз ФК Тоттенхэм Хотспур |
| audi alteram partem | услышать другую сторону | Правовой принцип; также обозначается как audiatur et altera pars («пусть будет услышана и другая сторона») |
| аудио хостем | I hear the enemy | Motto of the 845 NAS Royal Navy |
| audi, vide, tace | hear, see, be silent | |
| aurea mediocritas | golden mean | From Horace's Odes, 2, 10. Refers to the ethical goal of reaching a virtuous middle ground between two sinful extremes. The golden mean concept is common to many philosophers, chiefly Aristotle. |
| auri sacra fames | accursed hunger for gold | From Virgil, Aeneid, Book 3, 57. Later quoted by Seneca as quod non mortalia pectora coges, auri sacra fames ("what do not you force mortal hearts [to do], accursed hunger for gold"). |
| auribus teneo lupum | I hold a wolf by the ears | Распространенная старинная пословица, это версия Теренция . Это указывает на то, что человек находится в опасной ситуации, когда и удержание, и отпускание могут быть смертельными. Современный вариант - «тигру за хвост». |
| аврора австралис | южный рассвет | Южное сияние, полярное сияние, которое появляется в Южном полушарии . Он менее известен, чем северное сияние ( aurorea borealis ). Aurora Australis также название Антарктики ледокол корабля. |
| Северное сияние | северный рассвет | Северное сияние, полярное сияние, которое появляется в Северном полушарии . |
| Aurora Musis Amica | рассвет - друг муз | Title of a distich by Iohannes Christenius (1599–1672): "Conveniens studiis non est nox, commoda lux est; / Luce labor bonus est et bona nocte quies." ("Night is not suitable for studying, daylight is; / working by light is good, as is rest at night."); in Nihus, Barthold (1642). Epigrammata disticha. Johannes Kinckius. |
| aurum potestas est | gold is power | Motto of the fictional Fowl Family in the Artemis Fowl series, written by Eoin Colfer |
| auspicium melioris aevi | hope/token of a better age | Motto of the Order of St Michael and St George and of Raffles Institution in Singapore |
| aut Caesar aut nihil | either Caesar or nothing | Обозначает абсолютное стремление стать Императором или эквивалентным верховным судьей, и ничего больше. В общем, «все или ничего». Личный девиз Чезаре Борджиа . Чарли Чаплин также использовал фразу в «Великом диктаторе», чтобы высмеять стремление Хинкеля (пародия Чаплина на Гитлера ) к власти, но заменил «nullus» на «nihil». |
| aut consilio aut ense | либо встречей, либо мечом | Т.е., либо через аргументированное обсуждение, либо через войну. Это был первый девиз в Чили (см герб ), изменен на испанском языке: Пор - ла Razon о ла FUERZA . Название 1-й серии 3-го сезона Берлинского вокзала . |
| Aut cum scuto aut в scuto | либо со щитом, либо на щите | Или «сделай или умри» или «не отступать». Греческое выражение («Ἢ τὰν ἢ ἐπὶ τᾶς»), которое спартанские матери сказали своим сыновьям, отправляясь на битву. Это относится к практике, когда греческий гоплит бросал свой громоздкий щит, чтобы убежать с поля битвы, а убитого воина несли домой на своем щите. |
| aut imiteris aut oderis | подражать или ненавидеть это | Сенека Младший , Epistulae morales ad Lucilium , 7: 7. Из полной фразы: « necesse est aut imiteris aut oderis » («вы должны либо подражать миру, либо ненавидеть его»). |
| aut neca aut necare | либо убить, либо быть убитым | Также: «neca ne neceris» («убей, чтобы не быть убитым»). |
| aut pax aut bellum | либо мир, либо война | Девиз клана Ганн |
| aut simul stabunt aut simul cadent | они либо встанут вместе, либо упадут вместе | Сказано о двух ситуациях, которые могут произойти только одновременно: если заканчивается одна, то заканчивается другая, и наоборот. [12] |
| aut viam inveniam aut faciam | Я либо найду способ, либо сделаю его | Ганнибал |
| aut vincere aut mori | либо победить, либо умереть | Генеральная клятва victoria aut mors (« победа или смерть »). Девиз семей Хиггенботэмов и Хиггинботтомов из Чешира , Англия; участники Войны роз . Также девиз 1-го истребительного авиаполка США, база ВВС Лэнгли в Вирджинии. |
| Ave Atque Vale | приветствую и прощай | Катулл , Кармен 101, адресован своему покойному брату. |
| ave Europa nostra vera patria | приветствую Европу, наше истинное отечество | Anthem из Imperium Europa |
| Ave Imperator, morituri te salutant | Приветствую, Император! Те, кто вот-вот умрут, приветствуют вас! | From Suetonius' The Twelve Caesars, Claudius 21. A salute and plea for mercy recorded on one occasion by naumachiarii–captives and criminals fated to die fighting during mock naval encounters. Later versions included a variant of "We who are about to die", and this translation is sometimes aided by changing the Latin to nos morituri te salutamus. |
| Ave Maria | Hail, Mary | Roman Catholic prayer of intercession asking St. Mary, the Mother of Jesus Christ to pray for the petitioner |
| ave mater Angliae | Hail, Mother of England | Motto of Canterbury, England |
B
| Latin | Translation | Notes |
|---|---|---|
| barba crescit caput nescit | beard grows, head doesn't grow wiser | |
| barba non facit philosophum | a beard doesn't make one a philosopher | |
| barba tenus sapientes | wise as far as the beard | Wise only in appearance. From Erasmus's collection of Adages. |
| Beata Virgo Maria (BVM) | Blessed Virgin Mary | A common name in the Roman Catholic Church for Mary, the mother of Jesus. The genitive, Beatae Mariae Virginis (BMV), occurs often as well, appearing with such words as horae (hours), litaniae (litanies) and officium (office). |
| beatae memoriae | of blessed memory | See in memoriam |
| beati pauperes spiritu | blessed in spirit [are] the poor. | A Beatitude from Matthew 5:3 in the Vulgate: beati pauperes spiritu, quoniam ipsorum est regnum caelorum "Blessed in spirit [are] the poor, for theirs is the kingdom of the heavens". |
| beati possidentes | blessed [are] those who possess | Translated from Euripides |
| beati qui ambulant lege domini | blessed are they who walk in the law of the Lord | Inscription above the entrance to St. Andrew's Church (New York City), based on the second half of Psalm 119:1 |
| beati quorum via integra est | blessed are they whose way is upright | first half of Psalm 119:1, base of several musical setting such as Beati quorum via (Stanford) |
| beatus homo qui invenit sapientiam | Блажен человек, который обретает мудрость | Из Притчей 3:13 ; положена на музыку к одноименному мотету 1577 года Орландо ди Лассо . |
| Белла, mulier qui hominum allicit et accipit eos per fortis | война, женщина, которая заманивает мужчин и захватывает их силой | Латинская пословица [ необходима цитата ] |
| bella gerant alii Protesilaus amet! | пусть воюют другие, Протесилай должен любить! | Происходит от Овидия , Герои 13.84, [13], где Лаодамия пишет своему мужу Протесилаю, который участвует в Троянской войне . Она умоляет его держаться подальше от опасности, но на самом деле он был первым греком, погибшим в Трое . Также используется Габсбургские браки 1477 и 1496 годов, написанные как bella gerant alii, tu felix Austria nube (пусть другие ведут войну; вы, счастливая Австрия, женитесь). Сказано королем Матиасом . |
| Белла Деста Матрибус | война, ненавистная матерям | От Горация |
| Bello et Jure Senesco | Я старею через войну и закон | Девиз Дома d'Udekem d'Acoz |
| Bellum omnium contra omnes | война всех против всех | Фраза, которую Томас Гоббс использовал для описания естественного состояния. |
| Bellum Romanum | война, как это делали римляне | Тотальная война без сдерживания, которую римляне вели против групп, которых они считали варварами. |
| Bellum se ipsum alet | война подпитывает сама себя | |
| Biblia pauperum | Библия нищих | Традиция библейских картинок, отображающих основные факты христианского спасения. |
| bibo ergo sum | Я пью, поэтому я | Игра на тему « cogito ergo sum »: «Я думаю, следовательно, я есть». |
| bis dat qui cito dat | он дает дважды, кто дает быстро | Подарок, сделанный без колебаний, равен двум подаркам. |
| бис в кубике (ставка) | два раза в день | Медицинская стенография «два раза в день» |
| добросовестный | в духе доброй воли | Другими словами, «благонамеренный», «справедливый». В современном контексте часто имеет значение «искренне» или «искренне». Bona fides - это не множественное число (что было бы bonis fidebus ), а именительный падеж и означает просто «добросовестность». Напротив mala fide . |
| bona notabilia | достойный внимания товар | По закону, если у умирающего есть имущество или хорошие долги в другой епархии или юрисдикции в пределах этой провинции, помимо его имущества в епархии, где он умирает, в размере определенной минимальной стоимости, считается, что он имеет bona notabilia ; в этом случае завещание его воли принадлежит архиепископу этой провинции. |
| bona officia | хорошие услуги | Предложение страны выступить посредником в спорах между двумя другими странами |
| bona patria | товары страны | Жюри или коллегия соотечественников или добрых соседей |
| bona vacantia | свободные товары | Правовой термин Соединенного Королевства для бесхозяйной собственности, которая переходит к The Crown |
| boni pastoris est tondere pecus non deglubere | [Работа] хорошего пастыря - стричь стадо, а не сдирать с них кожу | Сообщается, что Тиберий сказал это своим региональным командирам в качестве предупреждения против чрезмерного налогообложения населения. |
| Bono Malum Superate | победить зло добром | Девиз Westonbirt School |
| bonum commune communitatis | общее благо общества | Или «общее благосостояние». Относится к тому, что приносит пользу обществу, в отличие от bonum commune hominis , которое относится к тому, что хорошо для человека. В фильме « Горячий пушок» эту фразу произносит собравшаяся группа людей, и в этом контексте она намеренно подобна другой фразе, повторяющейся на протяжении всего фильма, а именно «Высшее благо» . |
| bonum commune hominis | общее благо мужчины | Относится к индивидуальному счастью, которое не является «обычным» в том смысле, что оно служит всем, но в том, что люди склонны находить счастье в подобных вещах. |
| boreas domus, mare amicus | Север - наш дом, море - наш друг | Девиз Оркнейских островов |
| зверский фулмен | безвредный (или инертный) удар молнии | Используется для обозначения пустой угрозы или судебного решения, не имеющего практического значения. |
| бизиллис | непонятная головоломка, тернистая проблема | John of Cornwall (ca. 1170) was once asked by a scribe what the word meant. It turns out that the original text said in diebus illis [in those days], which the scribe misread as in die busillis [at the day of Busillis], believing this was a famous man. This mondegreen has since entered the literature; it occurs in Alessandro Manzoni's novel The Betrothed (1827), in Dostoevsky's The Brothers Karamazov (1880), and in Andrea Camilleri's Inspector Montalbano series. |
C
| Latin | Translation | Notes | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| cacatum non est pictum | То, что гадят, не расписано. | От Готфрид Август Бюргер «s Prinzessin Europa (строка 60); популяризировал Heinrich Heine «s Deutschland. Эйн Винтермерхен ( XI, 44 ); также название Гайдн «S канон для четырех голосов, Hob. XXVIIb: 16 ; Людвиг ван Бетховен установил текст Бюргера как трехголосный канон, WoO 224 . Современные критики применили этот эпитет к обоим Регулу Тернера ( 1828 и 1837). [14] | |||
| cacoethes scribendi | ненасытное желание писать | Cacoēthes[15] "bad habit", or medically, "malignant disease" is a borrowing of Greek kakoēthes.[16] The phrase is derived from a line in the Satires of Juvenal: Tenet insanabile multos scribendi cacoethes, or "the incurable desire (or itch) for writing affects many". See hypergraphia. | |||
| cadavera vero innumera | truly countless bodies | Used by the Romans to describe the aftermath of the Battle of the Catalaunian Plains. | |||
| Caedite eos. Novit enim Dominus qui sunt eius. | Kill them all. For the Lord knows those who are his. | Предполагаемое заявление аббата Арно Амальрика перед резней в Безье во время крестового похода альбигойцев , записанное 30 лет спустя, согласно Цезарию Гейстербахскому . ср. «Убейте их всех, и пусть Бог разбирает их». | |||
| Caelum non animum mutant qui trans mare currunt | Те, кто спешат через море, меняют небо [над ними], а не свою душу или состояние разума. | Гексаметр на Горация ( Epistula XI ). [17] Сенека сокращает его до Animum debes mutare, non caelum (Вы должны изменить [свой] характер, а не [свое] небо) в своем Послании к Луцилию XXVIII, 1 . | |||
| Цезарь non supra grammaticos | Цезарь не имеет власти над грамматиками | Политическая власть ограничена; он не включает власть над грамматикой. [18] | |||
| Caetera Desunt | остальное отсутствует | Caetera - это средневековое латинское написание слова cētera . | |||
| Calix Meus Inebrians | моя чашка делает меня пьяным | ||||
| аир gladio fortior | Ручка сильнее меча | ||||
| камера-обскура | темная комната | Оптическое устройство, используемое в рисовании, и родоначальник современной фотографии . Источник слова камера . | |||
| Тростник Nero magna bella Persica | Расскажи, о Нерон, о великих войнах Персии | Совершенно правильное латинское предложение, которое современные итальянцы обычно называют забавным, потому что те же самые слова на сегодняшнем диалекте Рима означают «Черная собака ест красивый персик» , что имеет смехотворно другое значение. | |||
| трости pugnaces | боевые собаки или бойцовые собаки | ||||
| Canis Canem править | собака ест собаку | Относится к ситуации, когда никто ни от кого не застрахован, каждый сам за себя. Оригинальное название видеоигры Bully . | |||
| Capax Dei | способен принять Бога | От Августина , De Trinitate XIV, 8.11: Mens eo ipso imago Dei est quo eius capax est , [19] « Разум есть образ Бога в том смысле , что он способен к Нему и может быть причастником Его ». | |||
| capax imperii nisi imperasset | способный к имперской власти, если бы только он не удерживал ее | Написано Тацитом в «Истории», чтобы описать Гальбу как императора. [20] | |||
| capax infiniti | удерживая бесконечное | Способность достигать целей силой многих, а не одного человека. | |||
| caput inter nubila (кондит) | (она погружается) [ее] голову в облака | Так возвеличенный, чтобы быть вне практической (земной) досягаемости или понимания (от Вергилий «s Энеида появляется и короче формы в Джона Локка » s Два трактата правительства ) | |||
| caput mortuum | мертвая голова | Первоначально алхимическая ссылка на мертвую голову или бесполезный осадок, оставшийся после реакции. Также используется для обозначения халявщика или бесполезного элемента. | |||
| Каритас Кристи | Любовь Христа | Это подразумевает заповедь любить, как любил Христос. Девиз средней школы Святого Франциска Ксавьера, расположенной в Уэст-Медоуларк-парке, Эдмонтон . | |||
| Каритас в веритате | Милосердие в истине | Третья энциклика Папы Бенедикта XVI [21] | |||
| Лови момент | жить одним днем | Призыв жить сегодняшним днем. Из Горация , Одес I, 11.8. Карпере относится к срыванию цветов или фруктов. Фраза collige virgo rosas имеет похожий смысл. | |||
| ковровое покрытие | лови ночь | Призыв хорошо использовать ночь, часто используемый, когда carpe diem , qv, может показаться абсурдным, например, при наблюдении за объектом глубокого космоса, при проведении марафона Мессье или при участии в общественной деятельности после захода солнца. | |||
| Carpe vinum | схватить вино | ||||
| Carthago delenda est | Карфаген должен быть разрушен | Римский сенатор Катон Старший закончился каждое выступление после Второй Пунической войны с ceterum Censeo Carthaginem еззе delendam , буквально «В остальном я придерживаюсь мнения , что Карфаген должен быть разрушен.» | |||
| наказывать за езду и нравы | Обычаи исправляют, смеясь над ними | Или, «[Comedy / Сатира] критикует таможню через юмор», фраза придуман французским Новой Латинской поэт Жан Батист Де Сантеул (1630-1697), но иногда ошибочно приписывается его современника Мольера или римский лирик Гораций . | |||
| казус белли | событие войны | Относится к инциденту, который является оправданием или аргументом в пользу войны. | |||
| causa latet, vis est notissima | Причина скрыта, но результат хорошо известен. | Овидий : Метаморфозы IV, 287 ; девиз Alpha Sigma Phi . | |||
| причинная смерть | причина смерти | ||||
| пещера | остерегаться! | особенно используется докторами медицины , когда они хотят предупредить друг друга (например: «пещерные нефролитиазы », чтобы предупредить о побочных эффектах урикозурического средства ). В некоторых британских государственных (платных) школах произносится вслух учениками, чтобы предупредить друг друга о надвигающейся власти. | |||
| пещерная канема | Остерегайтесь собаки | Самый ранний письменный пример находится в Сатириконе Петрония, примерно в 1 веке нашей эры. | |||
| пусть покупатель будет бдителен | пусть покупатель будет бдителен | Покупатель несет ответственность за проверку соответствия товара его потребностям. Фразы , смоделированные на этом заменить Emptor с лектором , subscriptor , venditor , utilitor : «читатель», «подписчик», «продавец», «пользователь». | |||
| предостережение продавца | пусть продавец остерегается | Это противоречит предостережениям покупателя и предполагает, что продавцы также могут быть обмануты в рыночной сделке. Это вынуждает продавца взять на себя ответственность за товар и мешает продавцам продавать товары ненадлежащего качества. | |||
| cedant arma togae | пусть руки поддаются платью | «Пусть военная сила уступит власти гражданской», Цицерон , De Officiis I: 77 . Бывший девиз территории Вайоминг. См. Также Тога # римские военные . | |||
| Cedere Nescio | Я не знаю, как уступить | Девиз HMAS Norman | |||
| Celer - Silens - Mortalis | Swift - Бесшумный - Смертоносный | Девиз Разведки Корпуса морской пехоты США сил , также известную как Разведчик или FORECON , один из Корпуса морской пехоты США S ПЕЦИАЛЬНЫЙ O военных действий C apable силы (SOC) , которые обеспечивают основные элементов военной разведки на командном элемент M Arine ИК- G раунд T задать F Орсе (MAGTF), поддерживая их целевой группы командиров и подчиненных им операционных единиц F Leet М Arine F Орсе (FMF). | |||
| celerius quam asparagi cocuntur | быстрее, чем спаржа [стебель] готовится | Или просто «быстрее, чем готовить спаржу». Вариант римской фразы velocius quam asparagi coquantur , использующая другое наречие и альтернативное наклонение и написание coquere . | |||
| головной мозг | Я взял тело | По закону, это возврат, произведенный шерифом в соответствии с capias или другим способом с аналогичной целью; это означает, что он принял тело партии. См. Также хабеас корпус . | |||
| certum est quod certum reddi potest | это несомненно, все, что может быть определено | Или «... если это можно представить наверняка». Часто используется в законе, когда что-то неизвестно, но может быть установлено (например, цена покупки при продаже, которая должна быть определена сторонним оценщиком) | |||
| cessante ratione законодательство cessat ipsa lex | когда причина закона исчезает, сам закон перестает | Правовое государство становится неэффективным, когда причина его применения перестает существовать или больше не соответствует действительности. Автор Gratian . | |||
| cetera desunt | остальные отсутствуют | Также пишется «caetera desunt». | |||
| при прочих равных условиях | при прочих равных | То есть игнорирование или устранение посторонних факторов в ситуации. | |||
| Charta Pardonationis se defendendo | документ о помиловании, чтобы защитить себя | Форма помилования за убийство другого человека в целях самообороны (см. Непредумышленное убийство ). | |||
| charta pardonationis utlagariae | документ о помиловании преступника | Форма помилования человека, объявленного вне закона . Также называется perdonatio utlagariae . | |||
| Christianos ad leones | [Бросьте] христиан львам! | ||||
| Christo et Doctrinae | Для Христа и обучения | Девиз Furman University . | |||
| Christus nos liberavit | Христос освободил нас | название тома I, книги 5, главы XI «Отверженных » Виктора Гюго . | |||
| Кристус Рекс | Христос Царь | Христианский титул Иисуса . | |||
| Цицерон про домо суа | Речь Цицерона в 57 г. до н.э., чтобы вернуть свой конфискованный дом | Сказано о ком-то, кто ведет дела для собственной выгоды; см. Список латинских фраз (P) § pro domo | |||
| около (ок.) или (ок.) | вокруг | В смысле «примерно» или «примерно». Обычно используется свидание. | |||
| циркулирующий в пробандо | круг, сделанный при тестировании [предпосылка] | Круговое рассуждение. Термин, сходный с термином Circus vitiosus . | |||
| Circus vitiosus | замкнутый круг | В логике, напрашивается вопрос , ошибка, связанная с предпосылкой предложения в одной из предпосылок (см. Petitio Principii ). В науке положительная обратная связь . В экономике аналог добродетельного круга . | |||
| быстрее выше сильнее | быстрее выше сильнее | Девиз современной Олимпиады . | |||
| civis romanus sum | Я гражданин Рима | Фраза, используемая в романе Цицерона « In Verrem» в защиту законных прав римского гражданина. | |||
| clamea admittenda in itinere per atturnatum | Распоряжение, в соответствии с которым король Англии мог приказать суду признать его иски от поверенного, который был нанят на службу короля, не может поступить лично. | ||||
| Clarere Audere Gadere | [быть] ярким, смелым, радостным | Девиз семьи Гил. | |||
| Клаусум Фрегит | Судебный иск о посягательстве на землю; так называется, потому что судебный приказ требует от вызываемого лица дать ответ, почему он нарушил закрытие (quare clausum fregit) , то есть почему он вошел на землю истца. | ||||
| Клавес Санкти Петри | ключи Святого Петра | Символ папства . | |||
| clavis aurea | Золотой ключик | Средства обнаружения скрытых или таинственных значений в текстах, особенно применяемые в теологии и алхимии . | |||
| Clerico Admittendo | за то, что сделали клерком | По закону судебный приказ, направленный епископу для допуска клерка к бенефису на ne admittas , был испробован и найден для стороны, выдающей приказ. | |||
| clerico capto per statutum mercatorum | По закону приказ о выдаче клерка из тюрьмы, который находится в тюрьме за нарушение закона купца. | ||||
| clerico convicto commisso gaolae in defectu ordinarii deliberando | По закону - приказ о доставке клерка к своему рядовому лицу, ранее осужденного за уголовное преступление; по той причине, что его обыкновенный не бросал ему вызов согласно привилегии клерков. | ||||
| clerico intra sacros ordines constituto non eligendo in officium | По закону приказ, направленный судебным приставам и т. Д., Которые наложили бейливик или бадерство на человека в священном сане ; поручая им освободить его. | ||||
| Кодекс Юриса Каноники | Книга канонического права | Официальный кодекс канонического права в Римско-католической церкви (см. Corpus Iuris Canonici ). | |||
| Cogitationis poenam nemo patitur | «Никто не подвергается наказанию за умысел». | Латинская юридическая фраза. См. Государство против Тейлора , 47 Or. 455, 84, с. 82 (1906). | |||
| Мыслю, следовательно, существую | Я думаю, значит, я есть. | Рационалистической аргумент , используемый французский философ Рене Декарт , чтобы попытаться доказать свое собственное существование. | |||
| прерванный половой акт | прерванный конгресс | Прерывание полового акта до эякуляции - единственная разрешенная форма контроля над рождаемостью в некоторых религиях. | |||
| коитус больше ferarum | съезд на пути зверей | Медицинский эвфемизм для обозначения сексуальной позиции « собачий» . | |||
| коллеж дева розас | выбрать, девушка, розы |
| |||
| Combinatio nova | новая комбинация | Часто его называют гребешком. ноя . Он используется в литературе по наукам о жизни, когда вводится новое название, например, Klebsiella granulomatis comb. ноя . | |||
| communibus annis | в общие годы | Один год за другим; в среднем. «Обычный» здесь означает не «обычный», а «общий для любой ситуации». | |||
| communibus locis | в общих местах | Термин, часто используемый философскими и другими писателями, подразумевающий некую среду или отношение между несколькими местами; одно место с другим; на среде. «Обычный» здесь означает не «обычный», а «общий для любой ситуации». | |||
| коммунальное мнение | общее мнение | преобладающая доктрина, общепринятый взгляд (в академической сфере), научный консенсус ; первоначально communis opinio doctorum , «общее мнение врачей» | |||
| композиция | под контролем | Описывает человека в здравом уме. Иногда используется иронично. Также правовой принцип non compos mentis (не контроль над своими способностями) используется для описания безумного человека. | |||
| concilio et labore | мудростью и усилием | Девиз города Манчестера . | |||
| concordia cum veritate | в гармонии с истиной | Девиз Университета Ватерлоо | |||
| concordia salus | благополучие через гармонию | Девиз Монреаля . Это также герб и девиз Банка Монреаля . | |||
| concordia parvae res crescunt | мелочи растут в гармонии | Девиз Merchant Taylors 'School, Нортвуд | |||
| осуждающий quod non intellegunt | Они осуждают то, чего не понимают, или осуждают, потому что не понимают | Quod здесь неоднозначна: это может быть относительное местоимение или конъюнкции . | |||
| condicio sine qua non | состояние, без которого не | Обязательное, непременное условие. Обычно ошибочно передается с conditio («приправа» или «консервация») вместо condicio («расположение» или «состояние»). | |||
| Conditur in Petra | он основан на скале | Лозунг Школа Петерхаусе мальчиков и Петерхаус девочки школы | |||
| передать ( ср. ) [23] [24] | сравнивать | Сокращение ср. используется в тексте, чтобы предложить сравнение с чем-то другим (см. сигнал цитирования ). | |||
| Congregatio Sanctissimi Redemptoris C.Ss.R | Конгрегация Святейшего Искупителя | Редемптористы | |||
| coniunctis viribus | со связанной силой | Или «с объединенными силами». Иногда визуализируется conunctis viribus . Девиз Королевы Марии, Лондонский университет . | |||
| консенсу | с согласия | ||||
| консетудо pro lege servatur | Обычай считается законом. | Если нет конкретных законов, вопрос должен решаться в соответствии с обычаем; [25] установленные обычаи имеют силу закона. [26] Также consetudo est altera lex (обычай - это еще один закон) и consetudo vincit communem legem (обычай преобладает над общим правом); см. также: Consuetudinary . | |||
| consummatum est | Готово. | Последние слова Иисуса на кресте в латинском переводе в Иоанне 19:30. | |||
| презрение mundi / saeculi | презрение к миру / раз | Презрение к светскому миру. В монашеском или философе «сек отказ от мирской жизни и мирских ценностей. | |||
| Contra Bonos нравы | против хорошей морали | Оскорбляет совесть и чувство справедливости. | |||
| Contra Legem | против закона | Особенно в юрисдикциях гражданского права , когда речь идет о понимании закона, которое прямо противоречит его формулировке и, следовательно, не имеет силы ни по толкованию, ни по аналогии . | |||
| Contra proferentem | против проферрора | В договорном праве доктрина договорного толкования, которая предусматривает, что двусмысленный термин будет истолкован против стороны, которая навязала его включение в договор, или, точнее, против интересов стороны, которая его навязала. | |||
| Contra SPEM SPERO | Я надеюсь против надежды | Название стихотворения Леси Украинки ; оно происходит от выражения, найденного в Послании Павла к Римлянам 4:18 (греч. παρ 'ἐλπίδα ἐπ' ἐλπίδι) в отношении Патриарха Авраама, который сохранил веру в то, что стал отцом многих народов, несмотря на то, что был бездетным и преклонным возрастом. . | |||
| Contra vim mortis non crescit herba (или шалфей ) в хортисе | Никакие травы (или шалфей ) не растут в садах против силы смерти | нет лекарства от смерти; из различных средневековых медицинских текстов | |||
| Contradictio in terminis | противоречие в терминах | Вещь или идея, которые воплотили бы противоречие , например, плата за подарок или круг с уголками. Заблуждение о предлагать такую вещь. | |||
| contra Principia negantem non est disputandum | не может быть споров с теми, кто отрицает основы | Споры бесплодны, если вы не соглашаетесь с общими правилами, фактами и предпосылками. | |||
| Cor ad Cor loquitur | сердце говорит с сердцем | Из « Признаний» Августина , относящегося к предписанному методу молитвы: «от сердца к сердцу» с Богом. Обычно используется в отношении более поздней цитаты кардинала Джона Генри Ньюмана . Девиз Newman Clubs. | |||
| Cor aut Mors | Сердце или смерть | (Ваш выбор - между) Сердцем (моральные ценности, долг, верность) или смертью (чтобы больше не иметь значения, чтобы больше не уважали как честного человека). | |||
| cor meum tibi offero domine prompte et искренний | мое сердце я предлагаю тебе Господь быстро и искренне | Джон Кальвин «s личный девиз, а также принят Calvin College | |||
| Cor unum | одно сердце | Девиз популярной школы. Часто используется как названия религиозных и других организаций, таких как Папский совет Cor Unum . | |||
| Корам Део | в присутствии Бога | Фраза из христианского богословия, которая обобщает идею христиан, живущих в присутствии, под властью и во имя чести и славы Бога ; см. также Корам Део (значения) . | |||
| корам нобис , корам вобис | в нашем присутствии, в вашем присутствии | Два вида сообщений об ошибке . | |||
| Coram Populo | в присутствии людей | Итак, открыто. | |||
| Coram Publico | в глазах общественности | ||||
| корпус Кристи | Тело Христа | Название праздника в Римско-католической церкви в память Евхаристии . Это также название города в Техасе, Корпус-Кристи, Техас , название колледжей в Оксфордском и Кембриджском университетах и спорная пьеса . | |||
| состав преступления | состав преступления | Факт совершения преступления, необходимый фактор для осуждения кого-либо за совершение этого преступления; если бы не было преступления, не могло быть и преступника. | |||
| Corpus Iuris Canonici | Свод канонического права | Официальный сборник канонического права Римско-католической церкви (см. Codex Iuris Canonici ). | |||
| Corpus Iuris Civilis | Свод гражданского права | Тело римского или гражданского права . | |||
| корпус мерзкий | бесполезное тело | Человек или вещь подходят только для того, чтобы быть объектом эксперимента, как во фразе «Fiat Experimentum in corpore vili». | |||
| исправления | вещи, которые нужно исправить | ||||
| коррумптио оптими пессима | развращение лучших - худшее | ||||
| коррумпированная публикация плюрима leges | Когда республика наиболее коррумпирована, законов больше всего. | Тацит | |||
| corvus oculum corvi non eruit | ворон не выбирает глаз другого ворона | ||||
| коррумпированный в крайнем случае | развращен до крайности | Девиз вымышленной мэрии в Симпсонах | |||
| авария амет куи нункуам амавит; Quique Amavit, Cras Amet | Пусть тот, кто никогда не любил раньше, любит завтра; И пусть тот, кто любил, любит и завтра | Припев из «Pervigilium Veneris», стихотворения, описывающего трехдневный праздник культа Венеры, расположенного где-то на Сицилии, вовлекающий весь город в религиозные праздники, соединенные с глубоким чувством природы и Венеры как «прародительницы» , живительная сила, стоящая за миром природы. | |||
| сбой es noster | Завтра будь нашим | Девиз колледжа Сан-Хасинто , штат Техас, «Будущее принадлежит нам». | |||
| Creatio ex nihilo | создание из ничего | Понятие о творении, часто используемое в теологическом или философском контексте. Также известен как аргумент «первопричины» в философии религии . В отличие от creatio ex materia. | |||
| Кредо в Unum Deum | Я верю в единого бога | Первые слова Никейского символа веры и Апостольского символа веры . | |||
| кредо quia absurdum est | Я верю в это, потому что это абсурд | Очень часто переврать из Тертуллиана «s и др mortuus Эст Dei Filius prorsus credibile Quia ineptum Эст (и Сын Божий умер: короче говоря, это доверие , потому что это неподходящим), а это означает , что это так нелепо говорить , что сын Божий умер, что это должно быть вопросом веры, а не разума. Неправильно процитированная фраза, однако, обычно используется, чтобы высмеять догматические верования религиозных людей (см. Фидеизм ). Эту фразу обычно сокращают до « credo quia absurdum» , а также иногда переводят « credo quia impssibile est» (я верю в это, потому что это невозможно) или, как Дарвин использовал его в своей автобиографии, « credo quia incredibile» . | |||
| кредо ut интеллигенция | Я верю, что могу понять | Девиз Святого Ансельма, используемый как девиз Санкт-Ансельм Холла , Манчестер. | |||
| Крескам в Illo per omnia | Пусть мы возрастаем в Нем через все | Девиз средней школы Cheverus . | |||
| crescat scientia vita excolatur | пусть знания растут, пусть жизнь обогащается | Девиз Чикагского университета . Часто переводится на английском языке как «Пусть знание растет от большего к большему, и пусть человеческая жизнь обогащается», чтобы достичь ямба . | |||
| Crescente Luce | Свет постоянно увеличивается | Девиз Университета Джеймса Кука . | |||
| crescit cum commercio civitas | Цивилизация процветает благодаря торговле | Девиз Claremont McKenna College . | |||
| Crescit Eundo | он растет по мере продвижения | От Лукреция " De Rerum Natura книга VI, где она ссылается в контексте движения молнии по небу, которое приобретает силу и импульс , как она идет. Эта метафора была адаптирована как девиз штата Нью-Мексико (принят в 1887 году как девиз территории и сохранен в 1912 году, когда Нью-Мексико получил статус штата) и изображен на печати . Также девиз Роки-Маунт, штат Вирджиния . | |||
| круси дум спиро фидо | пока я живу, я верю в крест, пока я верю в крест, у меня есть жизнь | Девиз сестер Лорето (IBVM) и связанных с ним школ. | |||
| cucullus non facit monachum | Капюшон не делает монаха | Уильям Шекспир , Двенадцатая ночь , сцена I, действие V 48–50 | |||
| Cui Bono | Хорошо для кого? | "Кому это выгодно?" Изречение в уголовном расследовании , которое предполагает , что , учитывая , кто выиграет от нежелательного события, вероятно , чтобы показать , кто несет ответственность за это событие (ср Цуй prodest ). Также девиз преступного синдиката Америки , вымышленной группы суперзлодеев. Противоположным является cui malo (плохо для кого?). | |||
| Cui Prodest | для кого это продвигает | Сокращенно Цуй prodest scelus является Fecit (для которых успехи преступления, он сделал это) в Сенека «s Медеи . Таким образом, убийца часто оказывается тем, кто выигрывает от убийства (ср. Cui bono ). | |||
| Cuique Suum | каждому свое | ||||
| cuius est solum, eius est usque ad coelum et ad inferos | Чья земля, вплоть до неба и подземного мира принадлежит ему. | Впервые придуман Аккурсием Болонским в 13 веке. Римская правовая принцип имущественного права , что больше не наблюдается в большинстве случаев сегодня. Менее буквально: «Кто владеет землей, она принадлежит им до небес и до глубин». | |||
| Cuius regio, Eius Religio | чей регион, его религия | Привилегия правителя выбирать религию своих подданных. Право регионального принца выбирать религию своего народа было установлено в Аугсбургском мире в 1555 году. | |||
| cuiusvis hominis est errare, nullius nisi insipientis in errore perseverare. | Кто угодно может ошибиться, но только дурак упорствует в своей вине | Цицерон , Филиппины XII, 5 . | |||
| виноват | вина | Также «вина» или « вина ». По закону - халатное отношение. В общем, вина, грех или проступок. См. Также mea culpa . | |||
| диплом гладиусов и фустибус | с мечами и дубинками | Из Библии. Встречается в Матфея 26:47 и Луки 22:52 . | |||
| диплом гладио и продажа | с мечом и солью | Девиз хорошо оплачиваемого солдата. Смотрите зарплату . | |||
| диплом grano salis | с недоверием | Не следует воспринимать слишком серьезно или буквально истину. | |||
| диплом hoc ergo propter hoc | с этим, поэтому из-за этого | Ошибка предположения, что корреляция подразумевает причинную связь . | |||
| с отличием | с похвалой | Стандартная формула для академической латыни с отличием в Соединенных Штатах. Высшие награды включают magna cum laude и summa cum laude . | |||
| cum mortuis на lingua mortua | с мертвыми на мертвом языке | Движение от Картинок с выставки по Мусоргского | |||
| диплом с привилегией до начала | с исключительным правом печати | Уведомление об авторских правах, использовавшееся в Англии XVI века для создания комического эффекта в «Укрощении строптивой » Уильяма Шекспира. | |||
| cuncti adsint meritaeque expectent praemia palmae | пусть приходят все, кто по заслугам заслуживает наибольшей награды | Девиз Университетского колледжа Лондона . | |||
| купио диссольви | желание раствориться | Из Библии, слово, указывающее на волю к смерти («Я хочу умереть»). | |||
| cur Deus Homo | Почему Богочеловек | Вопрос, приписываемый Ансельму в его работе под этим именем, в которой он размышляет о том, почему Христос христианства должен быть одновременно полностью Божественным и полностью Человеческим. Часто переводится как «почему Бог стал человеком?» | |||
| cura personalis | заботиться обо всем человеке | Девиз Медицинской школы Джорджтаунского университета и Университета Скрэнтона . | |||
| cura te ipsum | позаботься о себе | Призыв к врачам или экспертам в целом решать свои собственные проблемы, прежде чем решать проблемы других. | |||
| Биография \ Резюме | жизненный путь | Обзор жизни и квалификации человека, похожий на резюме . | |||
| custodi civitatem, Domine | охранять город, Господи | Девиз города Вестминстер . | |||
| custos morum | хранитель нравов | Цензор . | |||
| Лебедь insignis | отличается своими лебедями | Мотто из Западной Австралии . | |||
| Лебедь inter anates | лебедь среди уток |
D
| латинский | Перевод | Примечания |
|---|---|---|
| da Deus fortunae | О Боже, дай удачу / счастье | Традиционное приветствие чешских пивоваров . |
| da mihi factum, dabo tibi ius | Скажи мне факт, я дам тебе закон | Также da mihi facta, dabo tibi ius (множественное число «факт» (факты) вместо единственного «фактум»). Правовой принцип римского права, согласно которому стороны в судебном процессе должны представлять факты, а судья выносит решение на основании закона, который ими управляет. Относится к iura novit curia (суд знает закон). |
| чертовски quod non intellegunt | Они осуждают то, чего не понимают | Парафраз Квинтилиана , De Institutione Oratoria , Книга 10, Глава 1, 26:
|
| Damnatio Ad Bestias | осуждение зверей | В просторечии «брошенный львам». |
| Damnatio memoriae | проклятие памяти | Древнеримский обычай, согласно которому считалось, что опальные римляне (особенно бывшие императоры) никогда не существовали, поскольку все записи и изображения их были удалены. |
| чертовски абсная инсурия | ущерб без травм | Это означает потерю, которая не является результатом чьих-либо проступков. Согласно римскому праву , человек не несет ответственности за непреднамеренный косвенный ущерб другому лицу в результате законного действия. Эта защита не обязательно распространяется на непреднамеренный ущерб, причиненный халатностью или глупостью. |
| dat deus incrementum , или deus dat incrementum | Бог дает рост | Девиз нескольких школ. |
| данные вения | с должным уважением / учитывая предлог | Используется перед тем, как с кем-то не согласиться. |
| datum perficiemus munus | Мы выполним поставленную задачу | Девиз организации Batalhão de Operações Policiais Especiais (BOPE), Рио-де-Жанейро , Бразилия . |
| de Bene esse | как хорошо сделано | In law, a de bene esse deposition is used to preserve the testimony of a witness who is expected not to be available to appear at trial and be cross-examined. |
| de bonis asportatis | carrying goods away | In law, trespass de bonis asportatis was the traditional name for larceny, i.e., the unlawful theft of chattels (moveable goods). |
| de dato | of the date | Used, e.g., in "as we agreed in the meeting d.d. 26th May 2006". |
| de facto | by deed | Said of something that is the actual state of affairs, in contrast to something's legal or official standing, which is described as de jure. De facto refers to "the way things really are" rather than what is officially presented as the fact of the matter in question. |
| de fideli | with faithfulness | A clerk of a court makes this declaration when he is appointed, by which he promises to perform his duties faithfully as a servant of the court. |
| de fideli administratione | of faithful administration | Describes an oath taken to faithfully administer the duties of a job or office, like that taken by a court reporter.[27] |
| de futuro | regarding the future | Usually used in the context of "at a future time". |
| de gustibus non est disputandum | Of tastes there is nothing to be disputed | Less literally, "there is no accounting for taste", because they are judged subjectively and not objectively: everyone has his own and none deserve preeminence. The complete phrase is "de gustibus et coloribus non est disputandum" ("when we talk about tastes and colours there is nothing to be disputed"). Probably of Scholastic origin; see Wiktionary. |
| de integro | again, a second time | |
| de jure | by law | "Official", in contrast with de facto; analogous to "in principle", whereas de facto is to "in practice". In other contexts, it can mean "according to law", "by right", and "legally". |
| de lege ferenda | of/from law to be passed | |
| de lege lata | of/from law passed / of/from law in force | |
| de minimis non curat lex | The law does not care about the smallest things. | A court does not care about small, trivial things. A case must have some importance in order for a court to hear it. See "de minimis non curat praetor". |
| de minimis non curat praetor | The commander does not care about the smallest things. | Also, "the chief magistrate does not concern himself with trifles." Trivial matters are no concern of a high official; cf. aquila non capit muscas (the eagle does not catch flies). Sometimes rex (king) or lex (law) is used in place of praetor. De minimis is a legal phrase referring to things unworthy of the law's attention. |
| de mortuis aut bene aut nihil | about the dead, either well or nothing | Less literally, "speak well of the dead or not at all"; cf. de mortuis nil nisi bonum. |
| de mortuis nil nisi bonum | about the dead, nothing unless a good thing | From de mortuis nil nisi bonum dicendum est ("nothing must be said about the dead except the good"), attributed by Diogenes Laërtius to Chilon. In legal contexts, this quotation is used with the opposite meaning: defamation of a deceased person is not a crime. In other contexts, it refers to taboos against criticizing the recently deceased. |
| de nobis fabula narratur | About us is the story told | Thus: "their story is our story". Originally it referred to the end of Rome's dominance. Now often used when comparing any current situation to a past story or event. |
| de novo | from the new | "Anew" or "afresh". In law, a trial de novo is a retrial of the issues as though they had not been tried before. In biology, de novo means newly synthesized, and a de novo mutation is a mutation that neither parent possessed or transmitted. In economics, de novo refers to newly founded companies, and de novo banks are state banks that have been in operation for five years or less. (Cf. ex novo) |
| de omni re scibili et quibusdam aliis | about every knowable thing, and even certain other things | The Italian scholar Giovanni Pico della Mirandola of the 15th century wrote the De omni re scibili ("concerning every knowable thing") part, and a wag added et quibusdam aliis ("and even certain other things"). |
| de omnibus dubitandum | Be suspicious of everything / doubt everything | Attributed to the French philosopher René Descartes. It was also Karl Marx's favorite motto and a title of one of Søren Kierkegaard's works, namely, De Omnibus Dubitandum Est. |
| de oppresso liber | free from having been oppressed | Loosely, "to liberate the oppressed". Motto of the United States Army Special Forces.[28] |
| de praescientia Dei | from/through the foreknowledge of God | Motto of the Worshipful Company of Barbers. |
| de profundis | from the depths | Meaning from out of the depths of misery or dejection. From the Latin translation of the Vulgate Bible of Psalm 130, of which it is a traditional title in Roman Catholic liturgy. |
| de re | about/regarding the matter | In logic, de dicto statements regarding the truth of a proposition are distinguished from de re statements regarding the properties of a thing itself. |
| decessit sine prole | died without issue | Used in genealogical records, often abbreviated as d.s.p., to indicate a person who died without having had any children. |
| decessit sine prole legitima | died without legitimate issue | Used in genealogical records, often abbreviated as d.s.p.l., to indicate a person who died without having had any children with a spouse. |
| decessit sine prole mascula legitima | died without legitimate male issue | Used in genealogical records in cases of nobility or other hereditary titles, often abbreviated as d.s.p.m.l. or d.s.p.m. legit, to indicate a person who died without having had any legitimate male children (indicating there were illegitimate male children) |
| decessit sine prole mascula superstite | died without surviving male issue | Used in genealogical records, often abbreviated as d.s.p.m., to indicate a person who died without having had any male children who survived, i.e., outlived, him. |
| decessit sine prole superstite | died without surviving issue | Used in genealogical records, often abbreviated as d.s.p.s., to indicate a person who died without having had any children who survived, i.e., outlived him. |
| decessit vita matris | died in the lifetime of the mother | Used in genealogical records, often abbreviated as d.v.m., to indicate a person who predeceased his mother. |
| decessit vita patris | died in the lifetime of the father | Used in genealogical records, often abbreviated as d.v.p., to indicate a person who predeceased his father. |
| decus et tutamen | an ornament and a safeguard | A phrase from the Aeneid of Virgil. Inscription on British one-pound coins. Originally inscribed on coins of the 17th century, it refers to the inscribed edge of the coin as a protection against the clipping of its precious metal. |
| defendit numerus | There is safety in numbers | |
| Defensor Fortis | Defender of the Force | Official motto of the United States Air Force Security Forces (Security Police). |
| Dei gratia | By the grace of God | Part of the full style of a monarch historically considered to be ruling by divine right, notably in the style of the English and British monarch since 1521 |
| Dei gratia regina | By the Grace of God, Queen | Also Dei gratia rex ("By the Grace of God, King"). Abbreviated as D G REG preceding Fidei Defensor (F D) on British pound coins, and as D G Regina on Canadian coins. |
| Dei sub numine viget | Under God's Spirit she flourishes | Motto of Princeton University, Princeton, New Jersey, United States. |
| delectatio morosa | peevish delight | In Catholic theology, pleasure taken in a sinful thought or imagination, such as brooding on sexual images. As voluntary and complacent erotic fantasizing, without attempt to suppress such thoughts, it is distinct from actual sexual desire. |
| delegata potestas non potest delegari | Delegated powers can not be [further] delegated | A legal principle whereby one to whom certain powers were delegated may not ipso facto re-delegate them to another. A distinction may be had between delegated powers and the additional power to re-delegate them. |
| delirant isti Romani | They are mad, those Romans[!] | A Latin translation of René Goscinny's phrase in French ils sont fous, ces romains! or Italian Sono pazzi questi Romani. Cf. SPQR, which Obelix frequently used in the Asterix comics. |
| Deo ac veritati | for God and for truth | Motto of Colgate University. |
| Deo confidimus | In God we trust | Motto of Somerset College. |
| Deo domuique | For God and for home | Motto of Methodist Ladies' College, Melbourne. |
| Deo et patriae | For God and country | Motto of Regis High School in New York City, New York, United States. |
| Deo gratias | Thanks [be] to God | A frequent phrase in the Roman Catholic liturgy, used especially after the recitation of a lesson, the Last Gospel at Mass or as a response to Ite Missa Est / Benedicamus Domino. |
| Deo juvante | with God's help | Motto of Monaco and its monarch, which is inscribed on the royal arms. |
| Deo non fortuna | by God, not fortune/luck | Motto of the Epsom College in Surrey, England. |
| Deo optimo maximo (DOM) | To the best and greatest God | Derived from the pagan Iupiter optimo maximo ("to the best and greatest Jupiter"). Printed on bottles of Bénédictine liqueur. |
| Deo patriae litteris | For God, country, [and] learning | Motto of Scotch College (Melbourne). |
| Deo regi vicino | For God, king and neighbour | Motto of Bromsgrove School. |
| Deo volente | God willing | This was often used in conjunction with a signature at the end of letters. It was used in order to signify that "God willing" this letter will get to you safely, "God willing" the contents of this letter come true. As an abbreviation (simply "D.V.") it is often found in personal letters (in English) of the early 1900s, employed to generally and piously qualify a given statement about a future planned action, that it will be carried out, so long as God wills (see James 4:13-15, which encourages this way of speaking). The motto of Southern Illinois University-Carbondale. |
| descensus in cuniculi cavum | The descent into the cave of the rabbit | Down the rabbit hole. See Alice's Adventures in Wonderland#Famous lines and expressions. |
| desiderantes meliorem patriam | they desired a better land | From Hebrews 11: 16. Adopted as the motto of the Order of Canada. |
| Deus caritas est | God Is Love | Title and first words of the first encyclical of Pope Benedict XVI. For other meanings see Deus caritas est (disambiguation). |
| deus ex machina | a god from a machine | From the Greek ἀπὸ μηχανῆς θεός (apò mēchanēs theós). A contrived or artificial solution, usually to a literary plot. Refers to the practice in Greek drama of lowering by crane (the mechanê) an actor playing a god or goddess onto the stage to resolve an insuperable conflict in the plot. The device is most commonly associated with Euripides. |
| Deus lux mea est | God is my light | The motto of The Catholic University of America. |
| Deus meumque jus | God and my right | The principal motto of Scottish Rite Freemasonry. See also Dieu et mon droit. |
| Deus nobis haec otia fecit | God has given us these days of leisure | Motto of the city of Liverpool, England. |
| Deus nolens exitus | Get results, whether God likes it or not | Literally: Results, God unwilling. Can also be rendered as "Deus Nolens Exituus". |
| Deus otiosus | God at leisure | |
| Deus spes nostra | God is our hope | The motto of Sir Thomas de Boteler, founder of Boteler Grammar School in Warrington in 1526. |
| Deus vult | God wills it | The principal slogan of the Crusades. Motto of Bergen Catholic High School in New Jersey, United States. |
| Dicebamus hesterna die... | [As] we were saying yesterday... | Attributed to Fray Luis de León, the beginning of his first lecture after resuming his professorship at Salamanca University following four years of imprisonment by the Inquisition |
| dictatum erat (dict) | as previously stated | A recent academic substitution for the spacious and inconvenient phrase "as previously stated". Literally, has been stated. Compare also "dicta prius"; literally, said previously. |
| dicto simpliciter | [from] a maxim, simply | I.e. "from a rule without exception." Short for a dicto simpliciter, the a is often dropped because it is confused with the English indefinite article. A dicto simpliciter occurs when an acceptable exception is ignored or eliminated. For example, the appropriateness of using opiates is contingent on suffering extreme pain. To justify the recreational use of opiates by referring to a cancer patient or to justify arresting said patient by comparing him to the recreational user would be a dicto simpliciter. |
| dictum factum | what is said is done | Motto of United States Navy Fighter Squadron VF-194. |
| dictum meum pactum | my word [is] my bond | Motto of the London Stock Exchange. |
| diem perdidi | I have lost the day | From the Roman Emperor Titus. Recorded in the biography of him by Suetonius in Lives of the Twelve Caesars. |
| dies irae | Day of wrath | Reference to the Judgment Day in Christian eschatology. The title of a famous Medieval Latin hymn by Tommaso da Celano in the 13th century and used in the Requiem Mass. |
| dies non juridicum | Day without judiciary | Days under common law (traditionally Sunday), during which no legal process can be served and any legal judgment is invalid. The English Parliament first codified this precept in the reign of King Charles II. |
| Dies tenebrosa sicut nox | a day as dark as night | First entry in Annales Cambriae, for the year 447.[29] |
| dirigo | I direct | In Classical Latin, "I arrange". Motto of the State of Maine, United States; based on a comparison of the State to the star Polaris. |
| dis aliter visum | It seemed otherwise to the gods | In other words, the gods have ideas different to those of mortals, and so events do not always occur in the way persons wish them to. Confer Virgil, Aeneid, 2: 428. Also confer "Man proposes and God disposes" and "My Thoughts are not your thoughts, neither are your ways My ways", Isaiah 55, 8-9. |
| dis manibus sacrum (D.M.S.) | Sacred to the ghost-gods | Refers to the Manes, i.e. Roman spirits of the dead. Loosely, "to the memory of". A conventional pagan inscription preceding the name of the deceased on his tombstone; often shortened to dis manibus (D.M.), "for the ghost-gods". Preceded in some earlier monuments by hic situs est (H. S. E.), "he lies here". |
| disce aut discede | learn or depart / learn or leave | Motto of Royal College, Colombo and of King's School, Rochester. |
| disce ut semper victurus, vive ut cras moriturus | Learn as if [you will] live forever; live as if [you will] die tomorrow. | Attributed to St. Edmund of Abingdon. First seen in Isidoro de Sevilla |
| discendo discimus | while learning we learn | See also docendo...(2). |
| discere faciendo | learn by doing | Motto of California Polytechnic State University, California, United States. |
| disiecta membra | scattered limbs | I.e., "scattered remains". Paraphrased from Horace, Satires, 1, 4, 62, where it is written "disiecti membra poetae" (limbs of a scattered poet). |
| ditat Deus | God enriches | Motto of the State of Arizona, United States, adopted in 1911. Probably derived from the translation of the Vulgate Bible of Genesis 14: 23. |
| divide et impera | divide and rule / "divide and conquer" | A Roman maxim adopted by Roman Dictator Julius Caesar, King Louis XI of France and the Italian political author Niccolò Machiavelli. |
| dixi | I have spoken | A popular, eloquent expression, usually used in the end of a speech. The implied meaning is that the speaker has said all that he had to say and thus his argument is completed. |
| ["...", ...] dixit | ["...", ...] said | Used to attribute a statement or opinion to its author, rather than the speaker. |
| do ut des | I give that you may give | Often said or written of sacrifices, in which one "gives" and expects a return from the gods. |
| docendo discitur | It is learned by teaching / one learns by teaching | Attributed to Seneca the Younger. |
| docendo disco, scribendo cogito | I learn by teaching, I think by writing | |
| dolus specialis | special intent | "The ... concept is particular to a few civil law systems and cannot sweepingly be equated with the notions of 'special' or 'specific intent' in common law systems. Of course, the same might equally be said of the concept of 'specific intent', a notion used in the common law almost exclusively within the context of the defense of voluntary intoxication." (Genocide scholar William A. Schabas)[30] |
| Domine dirige nos | O Lord, guide us | Motto of the City of London, England. |
| Domine salvum fac regem | O Lord, save the king | Psalm 20, 10. |
| Domine salvam fac reginam | O Lord, save the queen | After Psalm 20, 10. |
| Dominica in albis [depositis] | Sunday in [Setting Aside the] White Garments | Latin name of the Octave of Easter in the Roman Catholic liturgy. |
| Dominus fortitudo nostra | The Lord is our strength | Motto of the Southland College, Philippines. Psalm 28, 8. |
| Dominus illuminatio mea | The Lord is my light | Motto of the University of Oxford, England. Psalm 27, 1. |
| Dominus pastor | The Lord is [our] shepherd | Motto of St. John's College and Prep School, Harare, Zimbabwe. After Psalm 23, 1. |
| Dominus vobiscum | The Lord be with you. | A phrase used in the Roman Catholic liturgy, and sometimes in its sermons and homilies, and a general form of greeting among and towards members of Catholic organizations. See also Pax vobiscum. |
| dona nobis pacem | give us peace | Often set to music, either by itself or as the final phrase of the Agnus Dei prayer of the Holy Mass. Also an ending in the video game Haunting Ground. |
| donatio mortis causa | a donation in expectation of death | A legal concept in which a person in imminent mortal danger need not satisfy the otherwise requisite consideration to effect a testamentary donation, i.e., a donation by instituting or modifying a will. |
| draco dormiens nunquam titillandus | a sleeping dragon is never to be tickled | Motto of the fictional Hogwarts School of Witchcraft and Wizardry of the Harry Potter series; translated more loosely in the books as "never tickle a sleeping dragon". |
| dramatis personae | the parts/characters of the play | More literally, "the masks of the drama"; the cast of characters of a dramatic work. |
| duae tabulae rasae in quibus nihil scriptum est | two blank slates with nothing written upon them | Stan Laurel, inscription for the fan club logo of The Sons of the Desert. |
| ducimus | we lead | Motto of the Royal Canadian Infantry Corps. |
| ducit amor patriae | love of country leads me | Motto of the 51st Battalion, Far North Queensland Regiment, Australia. |
| ducunt volentem fata, nolentem trahunt | the fates lead the willing and drag the unwilling | Attributed to Lucius Annaeus Seneca (Sen. Ep. 107.11). |
| ductus exemplo | leadership by example | Motto of the United States Marine Corps Officer Candidates School, at the base in Quantico, Virginia, United States. |
| dulce bellum inexpertis | war is sweet to the inexperienced | Meaning: "war may seem pleasant to those who have never been involved in it, though the experienced know better". Erasmus of Rotterdam. |
| dulce est desipere in loco | It is sweet on occasion to play the fool. / It is pleasant to relax once in a while. | Horace, Odes 4, 12, 28. Also used by George Knapton for the portrait of Sir Bourchier Wrey, 6th Baronet in 1744. |
| dulce et decorum est pro patria mori | It is sweet and honorable to die for the fatherland. | Horace, Odes 3, 2, 13. Also used by Wilfred Owen for the title of a poem regarding World War I, Dulce et Decorum Est. |
| dulce et utile | a sweet and useful thing / pleasant and profitable | Horace, Ars Poetica: poetry must be dulce et utile, i.e., both enjoyable and instructive. |
| dulce periculum | danger is sweet | Horace, Odes, 3 25, 16. Motto of the Scottish clan MacAulay. |
| dulcius ex asperis | sweeter after difficulties | Motto of the Scottish clan Fergusson.[31] |
| dum cresco spero | I hope when I grow | Motto of The Ravensbourne School. |
| dum Roma deliberat Saguntum perit | while Rome debates, Saguntum is in danger | Used when someone has been asked for urgent help, but responds with no immediate action. Similar to Hannibal ante portas, but referring to a less personal danger. |
| dum spiro spero | while I breathe, I hope | Cicero. Motto of the State of South Carolina. Motto of the Clan MacLennan. |
| dum vita est, spes est | while there is life, there is hope | |
| dum vivimus servimus | while we live, we serve | Motto of Presbyterian College. |
| dum vivimus, vivamus | while we live, let us live | An encouragement to embrace life. Motto inscribed on the sword of the main character of the novel Glory Road. |
| duos habet et bene pendentes | he has two, and they dangle nicely | According to legend, the words spoken by the cardinal verifying that a newly-elected pope was a man, in a test employed after the reign of pope Joan. |
| dura lex sed lex | [the] law [is] harsh, but [it is the] law | Ulpian, Digesta Iustiniani, Roman jurist of the 3rd century AD. |
| dura mater | tough mother | The outer covering of the brain. |
| durante bene placito | during good pleasure | Meaning: "serving at the pleasure of the authority or officer who appointed". A Mediaeval legal Latin phrase. |
| durante munere | while in office | For example, the Governor General of Canada is durante munere the Chancellor and Principal Companion of the Order of Canada. |
| dux bellorum | war leader |
E
| Latin | Translation | Notes |
|---|---|---|
| e causa ignota | of unknown cause | Often used in medicine when the underlying disease causing a symptom is not known. |
| E pluribus unum | out of many, one | Literally, out of more (than one), one. The former national motto of the United States, which "In God We Trust" later replaced; therefore, it is still inscribed on many US coins and on the United States Capitol. Also the motto of S.L. Benfica. Less commonly written as ex pluribus unum. |
| ecce ancilla domini | behold the handmaiden of the Lord | From Luke 1:38 in the Vulgate Bible. Name of an oil painting by Dante Gabriel Rossetti and motto of Bishopslea Preparatory School. |
| ecce homo | behold the man | From the Gospel of John in the Vulgate 19:5 (Douay-Rheims), where Pontius Pilate speaks these words as he presents Christ, crowned with thorns, to the crowd. It is also the title of Nietzsche's autobiography and of the theme music by Howard Goodall for the ITV comedy Mr. Bean, in which the full sung lyric is Ecce homo qui est faba ("Behold the man who is a bean"). |
| ecce panis angelorum | behold the bread of angels | From the Catholic hymn Lauda Sion; occasionally inscribed near the altar of Catholic churches; it refers to the Eucharist, the Bread of Heaven; the Body of Christ. See also: Panis angelicus. |
| editio princeps | first edition | The first published edition of a work. |
| ejusdem generis | of the same kinds, class, or nature | From the canons of statutory interpretation in law. When more general descriptors follow a list of many specific descriptors, the otherwise wide meaning of the general descriptors is interpreted as restricted to the same class, if any, of the preceding specific descriptors. |
| ego te absolvo | I absolve you | Part of the formula of Catholic sacramental absolution, i. e., spoken by a priest as part of the Sacrament of Penance (Catholic Church) . |
| ego te provoco | I challenge you | Used as a challenge; "I dare you". Can also be written as te provoco. |
| eheu fugaces labuntur anni | Alas, the fleeting years slip by | From Horace's Odes, 2, 14. |
| eluceat omnibus lux | let the light shine out from all | The motto of Sidwell Friends School. |
| emeritus | veteran | Retired from office. Often used to denote an office held at the time of one's retirement, as an honorary title, e. g. professor emeritus and provost emeritus. Inclusion in one's title does not necessarily denote that the honorand is inactive in the pertinent office. |
| emollit mores nec sinit esse feros | a faithful study of the liberal arts humanizes character and permits it not to be cruel | From Ovid, Epistulae ex Ponto (II, 9, 48). Motto of University of South Carolina. |
| ens causa sui | existing because of oneself | Or "being one's own cause". Traditionally, a being that owes its existence to no other being, hence God or a Supreme Being . |
| ense petit placidam sub libertate quietem | by the sword she seeks a serene repose under liberty | Motto of the US state of Massachusetts, adopted in 1775. |
| entia non sunt multiplicanda praeter necessitatem | entities must not be multiplied beyond necessity | Occam's razor or Law of Parsimony; arguments which do not introduce extraneous variables are to be preferred in logical argumentation. |
| entitas ipsa involvit aptitudinem ad extorquendum certum assensum | reality involves a power to compel certain assent | A phrase used in modern Western philosophy on the nature of truth. |
| eo ipso | by that very (act) | Technical term in philosophy and law. Similar to ipso facto. Example: "The fact that I am does not eo ipso mean that I think." From the Latin ablative form of id ipsum ("that thing itself"). |
| eo nomine | by that name | |
| equo ne credite | do not trust the horse | From Virgil, Aeneid, II. 48–49; a reference to the Trojan Horse. |
| erga omnes | in relation to everyone | Используется в законе , особенно в международном праве , для обозначения своего рода универсального обязательства . |
| эрго | следовательно | Обозначает логический вывод . |
| errare humanum est | человеку свойственно ошибаться | Sometimes attributed to Seneca the Younger, but not attested: Errare humanum est, perseverare autem diabolicum, et tertia non datur (To err is human; to persist [in committing such errors] is of the devil, and the third possibility is not given.) Several authors contemplated the idea before Seneca: Livy, Venia dignus error is humanus (Storie, VIII, 35) and Cicero: is Cuiusvis errare: insipientis nullius nisi, in errore perseverare (Anyone can err, but only the fool persists in his fault) (Philippicae, XII, 2, 5). Cicero, being well-versed in ancient Greek, may well have been alluding to Euripides' play Hippolytus some four centuries earlier.[32] 300 years later Saint Augustine of Hippo recycled the idea in his Sermones, 164, 14: Humanum fuit errare, diabolicum est per animositatem in errore manere.[33] The phrase gained currency in the English language after Alexander Pope's An Essay on Criticism of 1711: "To err is human, to forgive divine" (line 325). |
| erratum | error | I. e., mistake. Lists of errors in a previous edition of a work are often marked with the plural errata ("errors"). |
| errantis voluntas nulla est | the will of a mistaken party is void | Roman legal principle formulated by Pomponius in the Digest of the Corpus Juris Civilis, stating that legal actions undertaken by man under the influence of error are invalid. |
| eruditio et religio | scholarship and duty | Motto of Duke University |
| esse est percipi | to be is to be perceived | Motto of George Berkeley for his subjective idealist philosophical position that nothing exists independently of its perception by a mind except minds themselves. |
| esse quam videri | to be, rather than to seem | Truly being a thing, rather than merely seeming to be a thing. The motto of many institutions. From Cicero, De amicitia (On Friendship), Chapter 26. Prior to Cicero, Sallust used the phrase in Bellum Catilinae, 54, 6, writing that Cato esse quam videri bonus malebat ("preferred to be good, rather than to seem so"). Earlier still, Aeschylus used a similar phrase in Seven Against Thebes, line 592: ou gar dokein aristos, all' enai thelei ("he wishes not to seem the best, but to be the best"). |
| est modus in rebus | there is measure in things | there is a middle or mean in things, there is a middle way or position; from Horace, Satires 1.1.106; see also: Golden mean (philosophy). According to Potempski and Galmarini (Atmos. Chem. Phys., 9, 9471–9489, 2009) the sentence should be translated as: "There is an optimal condition in all things", which in the original text is followed by sunt certi denique fines quos ultra citraque nequit consistere rectum ("There are therefore precise boundaries beyond which one cannot find the right thing"). |
| esto perpetua | may it be perpetual | Said of Venice, Italy, by the Venetian historian Fra Paolo Sarpi shortly before his death. Motto of the US state of Idaho, adopted in 1867; of S. Thomas' College, Mount Lavinia, Sri Lanka; of Sigma Phi Society. |
| esto quod es | be what you are | Motto of Wells Cathedral School. |
| et adhuc sub iudice lis est | it is still before the court | From Horace, Ars Poetica (The Art of Poetry) 1.78. |
| et alibi (et al.) | and elsewhere | A less common variant on et cetera ("and the rest") used at the end of a list of locations to denote unenumerated/omitted ones. |
| et alii (et al.) | and others | Used similarly to et cetera ("and the rest") to denote names that, usually for the sake of space, are unenumerated/omitted. Alii is masculine, and therefore it can be used to refer to men, or groups of men and women; the feminine et aliae is proper when the "others" are all female, but as with many loanwords, interlingual use, such as in reference lists, is often invariable. Et alia is neuter plural and thus in Latin text is properly used only for inanimate, genderless objects, but some use it as a gender-neutral alternative.[34] APA style uses et al. (normal font)[35] if the work cited was written by more than six authors; MLA style uses et al. for more than three authors; AMA style lists all authors if ≤6, and 3 + et al if >6. AMA style forgoes the period (because it forgoes the period on abbreviations generally) and it forgoes the italic (as it does with other loanwords naturalized into scientific English); many journals that follow AMA style do likewise. |
| et cetera (etc., &c.) | and the rest | In modern usage, used to mean "and so on" or "and more". |
| et cum spiritu tuo | and with your spirit | A response in the Dominus Vobiscum element of the Catholic Mass.[36] |
| et facere et pati fortia Romanum est | Acting and suffering bravely is the attribute of a Roman | The words of Gaius Mucius Scaevola when Lars Porsena captured him. |
| et facta est lux | And light came to be or was made | From Genesis, 1:3: "and there was light". Motto of Morehouse College in Atlanta, Georgia, United States. |
| et hoc genus omne | and all that sort of thing | Abbreviated as e.h.g.o. or ehgo |
| et in Arcadia ego | and in Arcadia [am] I | In other words, "I too am in Arcadia". |
| et lux in tenebris lucet | and light shines in the darkness | |
| et nunc reges intelligite erudimini qui judicatis terram | "And now, O ye kings, understand: receive instruction, you that judge the earth." | From the Book of Psalms, II.x. (Vulgate), 2.10 (Douay-Rheims). |
| et passim (et pass.) | and throughout | Used in citations after a page number to indicate that further information in other locations in the cited resource. |
| et sequentes (et seq.) | and the following (masculine/feminine plural) | Also et sequentia ("and the following things": neut.), abbreviations: et seqq., et seq., or sqq. Commonly used in legal citations to refer to statutes that comprise several sequential sections of a code of statutes (e. g. National Labor Relations Act, 29 U.S.C. § 159 et seq.; New Jersey Prevention of Domestic Violence Act, N.J. Stat. Ann. § 2C:25-17 et seq.). |
| et suppositio nil ponit in esse | and a supposition puts nothing in being | More usually translated as "Sayin' it don't make it so". |
| Et tu, Brute? | And you, Brutus? | Or "Even you, Brutus?" or "You too, Brutus?" Indicates betrayal by an intimate associate. From William Shakespeare, Julius Caesar, based on the traditional dying words of Julius Caesar. However, these were almost certainly not Caesar's true last words: Plutarch quotes Caesar as saying in Greek, the language of the Roman elite at the time, καὶ σὺ τέκνον (Kaì sù téknon?), translated as "You too, (my) child?", quoting from Menander. |
| et uxor (et ux.) | and wife | A legal term. |
| et vir | and husband | A legal term. |
| Etiam si omnes, ego non | Even if all others, I will never | Saint Peter to Jesus Christ, from the Vulgate, Gospel of Matthew 26:33; New King James Version: Matthew 26:33). |
| etsi deus non daretur | even if God were not a given | This sentence synthesizes a famous concept of Hugo Grotius (1625). |
| ex abundanti cautela | out of an abundance of caution | In law, describes someone taking precautions against a very remote contingency. "One might wear a belt in addition to braces ex abundanti cautela".[37] In banking, a loan in which the collateral is more than the loan itself. Also the basis for the term "an abundance of caution" employed by United States President Barack Obama to explain why the Chief Justice of the US Supreme Court John Roberts had to re-administer the presidential oath of office, and again in reference to terrorist threats. |
| ex abundantia enim cordis os loquitur | for out of the abundance of the heart the mouth speaketh. | From the Gospel of Matthew, XII.xxxiv (Vulgate), 12.34 (Douay-Rheims) and the Gospel of Luke, VI.xlv (Vulgate), 6.45 (Douay-Rheims). Sometimes rendered without enim ("for"). |
| ex aequo | from the equal | Denoting "on equal footing", i. e., in a tie. Used for those two (seldom more) participants of a competition who demonstrated identical performance. |
| ex Africa semper aliquid novi | "(There is) always something new (coming) out of Africa" | Pliny the Elder, Naturalis Historia, 8, 42 (unde etiam vulgare Graeciae dictum semper aliquid novi Africam adferre[38]), a translation of the Greek «Ἀεὶ Λιβύη φέρει τι καινόν». |
| ex amicitia pax | peace from friendship | Often used on internal diplomatic event invitations. A motto sometimes inscribed on flags and mission plaques of diplomatic corps. |
| ex animo | from the soul | Sincerely. |
| ex ante | from before | Denoting "beforehand", "before the event", or "based on prior assumptions"; denoting a prediction. |
| Ex Astris Scientia | From the Stars, Knowledge | The motto of the fictional Starfleet Academy of Star Trek. Adapted from ex luna scientia, which in turn derived from ex scientia tridens. |
| ex cathedra | from the chair | A phrase applied to the declarations or promulgations of the Catholic Supreme Pontiff (Pope) when, preserved from the possibility of error by the Holy Spirit , he solemnly declares or promulgates ("from the chair" that was the ancient symbol of the teacher and governor, in this case of the Church) a dogmatic doctrine on faith or morals as being contained in divine revelation, or at least being intimately connected to divine revelation. Used, by extension, of anyone who is perceived as speaking as though with supreme authority. |
| ex cultu robur | from culture [comes] strength | The motto of Cranleigh School, Surrey. |
| ex Deo | from God | |
| ex dolo malo | from fraud | "From harmful deceit"; dolus malus is the Latin legal term denoting "fraud". The full legal phrase is ex dolo malo non oritur actio ("an action does not arise from fraud"). When an action has its origin in fraud or deceit, it cannot be supported; thus, a court of law will not assist a man who bases his course of action on an immoral or illegal act. |
| ex duris gloria | From suffering [comes] glory | Motto of Rapha Cycling club . |
| ex facie | from the face | Idiomatically rendered "on the face of it". A legal term typically used to state that a document's explicit terms are defective absent further investigation. |
| ex fide fiducia | from faith [comes] confidence | Motto of St George's College, Harare and Hartmann House Preparatory School. |
| ex fide fortis | from faith [comes] strength | Motto of Loyola School in New York City, New York, United States. |
| ex glande quercus | from the acorn the oak | Motto of the Municipal Borough of Southgate, London, England, United Kingdom. |
| ex gratia | from kindness | More literally "from grace". Refers to someone voluntarily performing an act purely from kindness, as opposed to for personal gain or from being compelled to do it. In law, an ex gratia payment is one made without recognizing any liability or obligation. |
| ex hypothesi | from the hypothesis | Denoting "by hypothesis". |
| ex ignorantia ad sapientiam; ex luce ad tenebras (e.i.) | from ignorance into wisdom; from light into darkness | Motto of the fictional Miskatonic University in Arkham, Massachusetts, from the Cthulhu Mythos |
| ex infra (e.i.) | "from below" | Recent academic notation denoting "from below in this writing". |
| ex juvantibus | from that which helps | The medical pitfall in which response to a therapeutic regimen substitutes proper diagnosis. |
| ex lege | from the law | |
| ex libris | from the books | Precedes a person's name, denoting "from the library of" the nominate; also a synonym for "bookplate". |
| ex luna scientia | from the moon, knowledge | The motto of the Apollo 13 lunar mission, derived from ex scientia tridens, the motto of Jim Lovell's alma mater, the United States Naval Academy. |
| ex malo bonum | good out of evil | From Saint Augustine of Hippo, "Sermon LXI", in which he contradicts the dictum of Seneca the Younger in Epistulae morales ad Lucilium, 87:22: bonum ex malo non fit ("good does not come from evil"). Also the alias of the song "Miserabile Visu" by Anberlin in the album New Surrender. |
| ex mea sententia | in my opinion | |
| ex mero motu | out of mere impulse, or of one's own accord | |
| ex nihilo nihil fit | nothing comes from nothing | From Lucretius, and said earlier by Empedocles. Its original meaning is "work is required to succeed", but its modern meaning is a more general "everything has its origins in something" . It is commonly applied to the conservation laws in philosophy and modern science. Ex nihilo is often used in conjunction with "creation", as in creatio ex nihilo, denoting "creation out of nothing". It is often used in philosophy and theology in connection with the proposition that God created the universe from nothing. It is also mentioned in the final ad-lib of the Monty Python song Always Look on the Bright Side of Life. |
| ex novo | anew | Denotes something that has been newly made or made from scratch . |
| Ex Oblivione | from oblivion | The title of a short story by H. P. Lovecraft. |
| ex officio | from the office | By virtue or right of office. Often used when someone holds one office by virtue of holding another: for example, the President of France is an ex officio Co-Prince of Andorra. A common misconception is that all ex officio members of a committee or congress may not vote; but in some cases they do. In law ex officio can also refer to an administrative or judicial office taking action of its own accord, in the case of the latter the more common term is ex proprio motu or ex meru motu, for example to invalidate a patent or prosecute infringers of copyright.[39] |
| ex opere operantis | from the work of the one working | A theological phrase contrasted with ex opere operato, referring to the notion that the validity or promised benefit of a sacrament depends on the person administering it. |
| ex opere operato | from the work worked | A theological phrase meaning that the act of receiving a sacrament actually confers the promised benefit, such as a baptism actually and literally cleansing one's sins. The Catholic Church affirms that the source of grace is God, not just the actions or disposition of the minister or the recipient of the sacrament. |
| ex oriente lux | light from the east | Originally refers to the sun rising in the east, but alludes to culture coming from the Eastern world. Motto of several institutions. |
| ex oriente pax | peace comes from the east (i.e. from the Soviet Union) | Shown on the logo as used by East Germany's CDU, a blue flag with two yellow stripes, a dove, and the CDU symbol in the center with the words ex oriente pax. |
| ex parte | from a part | A legal term that means "by one party" or "for one party". Thus, on behalf of one side or party only. |
| ex pede Herculem | from his foot, so Hercules | From the measure of Hercules' foot you shall know his size; from a part, the whole. |
| ex post | from after | "Afterward", "after the event". Based on knowledge of the past. Measure of past performance. |
| ex post facto | from a thing done afterward | Said of a law with retroactive effect. |
| ex professo | from one declaring [an art or science] | Or 'with due competence'. Said of the person who perfectly knows his art or science. Also used to mean "expressly".[40] |
| ex rel., or, ex relatio | [arising] out of the relation/narration [of the relator] | The term is a legal phrase; the legal citation guide called the Bluebook describes ex rel. as a "procedural phrase" and requires using it to abbreviate "on the relation of," "for the use of," "on behalf of," and similar expressions. An example of use is in court case titles such as Universal Health Services, Inc. v. United States ex rel. Escobar |
| ex scientia tridens | from knowledge, sea power. | The United States Naval Academy motto. Refers to knowledge bringing men power over the sea comparable to that of the trident-bearing Greek god Poseidon. |
| ex scientia vera | from knowledge, truth | The motto of the College of Graduate Studies at Middle Tennessee State University. |
| ex silentio | from silence | In general, the claim that the absence of something demonstrates the proof of a proposition. An argumentum ex silentio ("argument from silence") is an argument based on the assumption that someone's silence on a matter suggests ("proves" when a logical fallacy) that person's ignorance of the matter or their inability to counterargue validly. |
| ex situ | out of position | opposite of "in situ" |
| ex solo ad solem | from the Earth to the Sun | The motto of the University of Central Lancashire, Preston |
| ex supra (e.s.) | "from above" | Recent academic notation for "from above in this writing". |
| ex tempore | from [this moment of] time | "This instant", "right away" or "immediately". Also written extempore. |
| Ex turpi causa non oritur actio | From a dishonorable cause an action does not arise | A legal doctrine which states that a claimant will be unable to pursue a cause of action, if it arises in connection with his own illegal act. Particularly relevant in the law of contract, tort and trusts. |
| ex umbra in solem | from the shadow into the light | Motto of Federico Santa María Technical University. |
| ex undis | from the waves [of the sea] | motto in the coat of arms of Eemsmond |
| Ex Unitate Vires | union is strength, or unity is strength | Former motto of South Africa. |
| ex vi termini | from the force of the term | Thus, "by definition". |
| ex vita discedo, tanquam ex hospitio, non tanquam ex domo | I depart from life as from an inn, not as from home | Cicero, Cato Maior de Senectute (On Old Age) 23 |
| ex vivo | out of or from life | Used in reference to the study or assay of living tissue in an artificial environment outside the living organism. |
| ex voto | from the vow | Thus, in accordance with a promise. An ex voto is also an offering made in fulfillment of a vow. |
| ex vulgus scientia | from crowd, knowledge | used to describe social computing, in The Wisdom of Crowds and discourse referring to it. |
| excelsior | higher | "Ever upward!" The state motto of New York. Also a catchphrase used by Marvel Comics head Stan Lee. |
| exceptio firmat (or probat) regulam in casibus non exceptis | The exception confirms the rule in cases which are not excepted | A juridical principle which means that the statement of a rule's exception (e.g., "no parking on Sundays") implicitly confirms the rule (i.e., that parking is allowed Monday through Saturday). Often mistranslated as "the exception that proves the rule". |
| excusatio non petita accusatio manifesta | an excuse that has not been sought [is] an obvious accusation | More loosely, "he who excuses himself, accuses himself"—an unprovoked excuse is a sign of guilt. In French, qui s'excuse, s'accuse. |
| exeat | s/he may go out | A formal leave of absence. |
| exegi monumentum aere perennius | I have reared a monument more enduring than bronze | Horace, Carmina III:XXX:I |
| exempli gratia (e. g.) | for the sake of example, for example | Exempli gratiā, 'for example', is usually abbreviated "e. g." or "e.g." (less commonly, ex. gr.). The abbreviation "e.g." often is interpreted anglicised as 'example given'. The plural "exemplōrum gratiā" to refer to multiple examples separated by commas, is now not in frequent use as "ee.g." and even "ee.gg." corresponding to the practice of doubling plurals in Latin abbreviations. It is not usually followed by a comma in British English, but it often is in American usage. E.g. is often confused with i.e. (id est, meaning 'that is' or 'in other words').[41] Some writing styles give such abbreviations without punctuation, as ie and eg.[a] |
| Exemplum virtutis | a model of virtue | |
| exercitus sine duce corpus est sine spiritu | an army without a leader is a body without a spirit | On a plaque at the former military staff building of the Swedish Armed Forces. |
| exeunt | they leave | Third-person plural present active indicative of the Latin verb exire; also seen in exeunt omnes, "all leave"; singular: exit. |
| experientia docet | experience teaches | This term has been used in dermatopathology to express that there is no substitute for experience in dealing with all the numerous variations that may occur with skin conditions.[58] The term has also been used in gastroenterology.[59] It is also the motto of San Francisco State University. |
| experimentum crucis | experiment of the cross | Or "crucial experiment". A decisive test of a scientific theory. |
| experto crede | trust the expert | Literally "believe one who has had experience". An author's aside to the reader. |
| expressio unius est exclusio alterius | the expression of the one is the exclusion of the other | "Mentioning one thing may exclude another thing". A principle of legal statutory interpretation: the explicit presence of a thing implies intention to exclude others; e.g., a reference in the Poor Relief Act 1601 to "lands, houses, tithes and coal mines" was held to exclude mines other than coal mines. Sometimes expressed as expressum facit cessare tacitum (broadly, "the expression of one thing excludes the implication of something else"). |
| extra domum | [placed] outside of the house | Refers to a possible result of Catholic ecclesiastical legal proceedings when the culprit is removed from being part of a group like a monastery. |
| extra Ecclesiam nulla salus | outside the Church [there is] no salvation | This expression comes from the Epistle to Jubaianus, paragraph 21, written by Saint Cyprian of Carthage, a bishop of the third century. It is often used to summarise the doctrine that the Catholic Church is absolutely necessary for salvation. |
| extra omnes | outside, all [of you] | It is issued by the Master of the Papal Liturgical Celebrations before a session of the Papal conclave which will elect a new Pope. When spoken, all those who are not Cardinals, or those otherwise mandated to be present at the Conclave, must leave the Sistine Chapel. |
| extra territorium jus dicenti impune non paretur | he who administers justice outside of his territory is disobeyed with impunity | Refers to extraterritorial jurisdiction. Often cited in law of the sea cases on the high seas. |
| extrema ratio | "extreme solution", "last possibility", "last possible course of action" |
F
| Latin | Translation | Notes |
|---|---|---|
| faber est suae quisque fortunae | every man is the artisan of his own fortune | Appius Claudius Caecus; motto of Fort Street High School in Petersham, Sydney, Australia |
| fac et spera | do and hope | motto of Clan Matheson |
| fac fortia et patere | do brave deeds and endure | motto of Prince Alfred College in Adelaide, Australia |
| fac simile | make a similar thing | origin of the word facsimile, and, through it, of fax |
| faciam eos in gentem unum | I will make them into one nation | appeared on British coinage following the Union of the Crowns |
| faciam quodlibet quod necesse est | I'll do whatever it takes | |
| faciam ut mei memineris | I'll make you remember me | from Plautus, Persa IV.3–24; used by Russian hooligans as tattoo inscription |
| facile princeps | easily the first | said of the acknowledged leader in some field, especially in the arts and humanities |
| facilius est multa facere quam diu | It is easier to do many things, than one thing consecutively | Quintilian, Institutio Oratoria 1/12:7 |
| facio liberos ex liberis libris libraque | "I make free adults out of children by means of books and a balance." | motto of St. John's College in Annapolis, Maryland, and Santa Fe, New Mexico |
| facta, non verba | deeds, not words | Frequently used as motto |
| factum fieri infectum non potest | It is impossible for a deed to be undone | Terence, Phormio 5/8:45 |
| falsus in uno, falsus in omnibus | false in one, false in all | A Roman legal principle indicating that a witness who willfully falsifies one matter is not credible on any matter. The underlying motive for attorneys to impeach opposing witnesses in court: the principle discredits the rest of their testimony if it is without corroboration. |
| familia supra omnia | family over everything | frequently used as a family motto |
| fas est et ab hoste doceri | It is lawful to be taught even by an enemy | Ovid, Metamorphoses 4:428 |
| febris amatoria | fever of love | Hypochromic anemia or chlorosis, once described as the "fever of love", which was believed to stem from the yearning for passion in virgins. First written about in 1554 by the German physician Johannes Lange. Also known as "Disease of the Virgins".[60] |
| feci quod potui, faciant meliora potentes | I have done what I could; let those who can do better. | Slight variant ("quod potui feci") found in James Boswell's An Account of Corsica, there described as "a simple beautiful inscription on the front of Palazzo Tolomei at Siena".[61] Later, found in Henry Baerlein's introduction to his translation of The Diwan of Abul ʿAla by Abul ʿAla Al-Maʿarri (973–1057);[62] also in Anton Chekhov's Three Sisters, act 1. Also in Alfonso Moreno Espinosa, Compendio de Historia Universal, 5. ed. (Cádiz 1888). |
| NN fecit | NN made (this) | a formula used traditionally in the author's signature by painters, sculptors, artisans, scribes etc.; compare pinxit |
| fecisti patriam diversis de gentibus unam | "From differing peoples you have made one native land" | Verse 63 from the poem De reditu suo by Rutilius Claudius Namatianus praising emperor Augustus.[63] |
| felicior Augusto, melior Traiano | "be more fortunate than Augustus and better than Trajan" | ritual acclamation delivered to late Roman emperors |
| Felicitas, Integritas Et Sapientia | Happiness, Integrity and Knowledge | The motto of Oakland Colegio Campestre school through which Colombia participates of NASA Educational Programs |
| felix culpa | fortunate fault | from the "Exsultet" of the Catholic liturgy for the Easter Vigil |
| felix qui potuit rerum cognoscere causas | happy is he who can ascertain the causes of things | Virgil. "Rerum cognoscere causas" is the motto of the London School of Economics, University of Sheffield, and University of Guelph. |
| felo de se | felon from himself | archaic legal term for one who commits suicide, referring to early English common law punishments, such as land seizure, inflicted on those who killed themselves |
| fere libenter homines id quod volunt credunt | men generally believe what they want to | People's beliefs are shaped largely by their desires. Julius Caesar, The Gallic War 3.18 |
| festina lente | hurry slowly | An oxymoronic motto of Augustus. It encourages proceeding quickly, but calmly and cautiously. Equivalent to "more haste, less speed". Motto of the Madeira School, McLean, Virginia and Berkhamsted School, Berkhamsted, England, United Kingdom |
| festinare nocet, nocet et cunctatio saepe; tempore quaeque suo qui facit, ille sapit. | it is bad to hurry, and delay is often as bad; the wise person is the one who does everything in its proper time. | Ovid[64] |
| fiat iustitia et pereat mundus | let justice be done, though the world shall perish | motto of Ferdinand I, Holy Roman Emperor |
| fiat justitia ruat caelum | let justice be done, should the sky fall | attributed to Lucius Calpurnius Piso Caesoninus |
| fiat lux | let there be light | from the Genesis, "dixitque Deus fiat lux et facta est lux" ("and God said: 'Let there be light', and there was light."); frequently used as the motto of schools. |
| fiat mihi secundum verbum tuum | be it done to me according to thy word | Virgin Mary's response to the Annunciation |
| fiat panis | let there be bread | Motto of the United Nations Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO) |
| fiat voluntas Dei | May God's will be done | motto of Robert May's School; see the next phrase below |
| fiat voluntas tua | Thy will be done | motto of Archbishop Richard Smith of the Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Edmonton; quotation of the third petition of the Pater Noster (Our Father) prayer dictated by Jesus Christ and his response to the Father during the Agony in the Garden of Gethsemane |
| ficta voluptatis causa sint proxima veris | fictions meant to please should approximate the truth | Horace, Ars Poetica (338); advice presumably discounted by the magical realists |
| Fidei Defensor (Fid Def) or (fd) | Defender of the Faith | A title given to King Henry VIII of England by Pope Leo X on 17 October 1521, before Henry broke from the Roman Church and founded the Church of England. British monarchs continue to use the title, which is still inscribed on all British coins, and usually abbreviated. |
| fidem scit | he knows the faith | sometimes mistranslated to "keep the faith" when used in contemporary English writings of all kinds to convey a light-hearted wish for the reader's well-being |
| fides qua creditur | the faith by which it is believed | Roman Catholic theological term for the personal faith that apprehends what is believed, contrasted with fides quae creditur, which is what is believed; see next phrase below |
| fides quae creditur | the faith which is believed | Roman Catholic theological term for the content and truths of the Faith or "the deposit of the Faith", contrasted with fides qua creditur, which is the personal faith by which the Faith is believed; see previous phrase |
| fides quaerens intellectum | faith seeking understanding | motto of St. Anselm; Proslogion |
| fidus Achates | faithful Achates | refers to a faithful friend; from the name of Aeneas's faithful companion in Virgil's Aeneid |
| filiae nostrae sicut anguli incisi similitudine templi | may our daughters be as polished as the corners of the temple | motto of Francis Holland School |
| finis coronat opus | the end crowns the work | A major part of a work is properly finishing it. Motto of St. Mary's Catholic High School in Dubai, United Arab Emirates; on the Coat of Arms of Seychelles; and of the Amin Investment Bank |
| finis vitae sed non amoris | the end of life, but not of love | unknown |
| flagellum dei | the scourge of God | title for Attila the Hun, the ruthless invader of the Western Roman Empire |
| flatus vocis | [a or the] breath of voice | a mere name, word, or sound without a corresponding objective reality; expression used by the nominalists of universals and traditionally attributed to the medieval philosopher Roscelin of Compiègne |
| flectere si nequeo superos, Acheronta movebo | if I can not reach Heaven I will raise Hell | Virgil, Aeneid, Book VII.312 |
| floreat Etona | may Eton flourish | Motto of Eton College, England, United Kingdom |
| floreat nostra schola | may our school flourish | a common scholastic motto |
| floruit (fl.) | one flourished | indicates the period when a historic person was most active or was accomplishing that for which he is famous; may be used as a substitute when the dates of his birth and/or death are unknown. |
| fluctuat nec mergitur | she wavers and is not immersed | Motto of the City of Paris, France |
| fons et origo | the spring and source | also: "the fountainhead and beginning" |
| fons sapientiae, verbum Dei | the fount of knowledge is the word of God | motto of Bishop Blanchet High School |
| fons vitae caritas | love is the fountain of life | motto of Chisipite Senior School and Chisipite Junior School |
| formosam resonare doces Amaryllida silvas | teach the woods to re-echo "fair Amaryllis" | Virgil, Eclogues, 1:5 |
| forsan et haec olim meminisse iuvabit | perhaps even these things will be good to remember one day | Virgil, Aeneid, Book 1, Line 203 |
| fortes fortuna adiuvat | Fortune favours the bold | The motto of the United States Marine Corps 3rd Marine Regiment |
| fortes fortuna juvat | Fortune favours the bold | The motto of the Jutland Dragoon Regiment of Denmark |
| fortes in fide | strong in faith | a common motto |
| fortis cadere, cedere non potest | the brave may fall, but can not yield | motto on the Coat of Arms of the Fahnestock Family and of the Palmetto Guard of Charleston, South Carolina |
| fortis est veritas | truth is strong | motto on the Coat of Arms of Oxford, England, United Kingdom |
| fortis et liber | strong and free | motto of Alberta, Canada |
| fortis in arduis | strong in difficulties/adversary | motto of the Municipal Borough of Middleton, from the Earl of Middleton and of Syed Ahmad Shaheed House of Army Burn Hall College in Abbottabad, Pakistan |
| fortiter et fideliter | bravely and faithfully | a common motto |
| fortiter in re, suaviter in modo | resolute in execution, gentle in manner | a common motto |
| fortuna utaris et prudentia | make use of your luck and your reason | Motto on the Casino chips of Spielbanken Niedersachsen, Germany by Sebastian Peetz |
| fortunae meae, multorum faber | artisan of my fate and that of several others | motto of Gatineau |
| fraus omnia vitiat | a legal principle: the occurrence or taint of fraud in a (legal) transaction entirely invalidates it | |
| fui quod es, eris quod sum | I once was what you are, you will be what I am | An epitaph that reminds the reader of the inevitability of death, as if to state: "Once I was alive like you are, and you will be dead as I am now." It was carved on the gravestones of some Roman military officers. |
| fumus boni iuris | presumption of sufficient legal basis | a legal principle |
| fundamenta inconcussa | unshakable foundation |
G
| Latin | Translation | Notes |
|---|---|---|
| Gallia est omnis divisa in partes tres | all Gaul is divided into three parts | the celebrated opening line of Julius Caesar's Commentaries on the Gallic War |
| gaudia certaminis | the joys of battle | according to Cassiodorus, an expression used by Attila in addressing his troops prior to the 451 Battle of Châlons |
| gaudeamus hodie | let us rejoice today | |
| gaudeamus igitur | therefore let us rejoice | First words of an academic anthem used, among other places, in The Student Prince. |
| gaudete in domino | rejoice in the Lord | Motto of Bishop Allen Academy |
| gaudium in veritate | joy in truth | Motto of Campion School |
| generalia specialibus non derogant | general provisions enacted in later legislation do not detract from specific provisions enacted in earlier legislation | A principle of statutory interpretation: If a matter falls under a specific provision in a statute enacted before a general provision enacted in a later statute, it is to be presumed that the legislature did not intend that the earlier specific provision be repealed, and the matter is governed by the earlier specific provision, not the more recent general one. |
| genius loci | spirit of place | The unique, distinctive aspects or atmosphere of a place, such as those celebrated in art, stories, folk tales, and festivals. Originally, the genius loci was literally the protective spirit of a place, a creature usually depicted as a snake. |
| generatim discite cultus | Learn each field of study according to its kind. (Virgil, Georgics II.) | Motto of the University of Bath. |
| gens una sumus | we are one people | Motto of FIDE. Can be traced back to Claudian's poem De consulatu Stilichonis. |
| gesta non verba | deeds, not words | Motto of James Ruse Agricultural High School. |
| Gloria in excelsis Deo | Glory to God in the Highest | Often translated "Glory to God on High". The title and beginning of an ancient Roman Catholic doxology, the Greater Doxology. See also ad maiorem Dei gloriam. |
| Gloria invidiam vicisti | By your fame you have conquered envy | Sallust, Bellum Jugurthum ("Jugurthine War") 10:2. |
| gloria filiorum patres | The glory of sons is their fathers (Proverbs17:6) | Motto of Eltham College |
| Gloria Patri | Glory to the Father | The beginning of the Lesser Doxology. |
| gloriosus et liber | glorious and free | Motto of Manitoba |
| gradatim ferociter | by degrees, ferociously | Motto of private spaceflight company Blue Origin, which officially treats "Step by step, ferociously" as the English translation |
| gradibus ascendimus | ascending by degrees | Motto of Grey College, Durham |
| Graecia capta ferum victorem cepit | Conquered Greece in turn defeated its savage conqueror | Horace Epistles 2.1 |
| Graecum est; non legitur | It is Greek (and therefore) it cannot be read. | Most commonly from Shakespeare's Julius Caesar where Casca couldn't explain to Cassius what Cicero was saying because he was speaking Greek. The more common colloquialism would be: It's all Greek to me. |
| grandescunt aucta labore | By hard work, all things increase and grow | Motto of McGill University |
| gratia et scientia | grace and learning | Motto of Arundel School |
| gratiae veritas naturae | Truth through mercy and nature | Motto of Uppsala University |
| graviora manent | heavier things remain | Virgil Aeneid 6:84; more severe things await, the worst is yet to come |
| Gravis Dulcis Immutabilis | serious sweet immutable | Title of a poem by James Elroy Flecker[65] |
| gutta cavat lapidem [non vi sed saepe cadendo] | a water drop hollows a stone [not by force, but by falling often] | main phrase is from Ovid, Epistulae ex Ponto IV, 10, 5.;[66] expanded in the Middle Ages |
H
| Latin | Translation | Notes |
|---|---|---|
| habeas corpus | You should have the body | A legal term from the 14th century or earlier. Refers to a number of legal writs to bring a person before a court or judge, most commonly habeas corpus ad subiciendum (you may have the body to bring up). Commonly used as the general term for a prisoner's legal right to challenge the legality of their detention. (Corpus here is used in a similar sense to corpus delicti, referring to the substance of the reason for detention rather than a physical human body.) |
| habemus papam | we have a pope | Used after a Catholic Church papal election to announce publicly a successful ballot to elect a new pope. |
| Habent sua fata libelli | Books have their destiny [according to the capabilities of the reader] | Terentianus Maurus, De Litteris, De Syllabis, De Metris, 1:1286. |
| hac lege | with this law | |
| haec olim meminisse iuvabit | one day, this will be pleasing to remember | Commonly rendered in English as "One day, we'll look back on this and smile". From Virgil's Aeneid 1.203. Also, motto of Handsworth Grammar School, and the Jefferson Society. |
| haec ornamenta mea [sunt] | "These are my ornaments" or "These are my jewels" | Attributed to Cornelia Africana (talking about her children) by Valerius Maximus in Factorum ac dictorum memorabilium libri IX, IV, 4, incipit.[67][68] |
| Hannibal ad portas | Hannibal at the gates | Found in Cicero's first Philippic and in Livy's Ab urbe condita Hannibal was a fierce enemy of Rome who almost brought them to defeat. Sometimes rendered "Hannibal ante portas", with verisimilar meaning: "Hannibal before the gates" |
| haud ignota loquor | I speak not of unknown things | Thus, "I say no things that are unknown". From Virgil's Aeneid, 2.91. |
| Hei mihi! quod nullis amor est medicabilis herbis. | Oh me! love can not be cured by herbs | From Ovid's Metamorphoses ("Transformations"), I, 523. |
| hic abundant leones | here lions abound | Written on uncharted territories of old maps; see also: here be dragons. |
| hic et nunc | here and now | The imperative motto for the satisfaction of desire. "I need it, Here and Now" |
| hic et ubique | here and everywhere | |
| hic jacet (HJ) | here lies | Also rendered hic iacet. Written on gravestones or tombs, preceding the name of the deceased. Equivalent to hic sepultus (here is buried), and sometimes combined into hic jacet sepultus (HJS), "here lies buried". |
| hic locus est ubi mors gaudet succurrere vitae | This is the place where death delights in helping life | A motto of many morgues or wards of anatomical pathology. |
| hic manebimus optime | here we'll stay excellently | According to Titus Livius the phrase was pronounced by Marcus Furius Camillus, addressing the senators who intended to abandon the city, invaded by Gauls, circa 390 BC. It is used today to express the intent to keep one's position, even if the circumstances appear adverse. |
| hic Rhodus, hic salta | From the Latin version of "The Boastful Athlete" in Aesop's Fables[69] as formulated by Erasmus in his Adagia | "Here is Rhodes, here is where you jump." – Prove what you can do, here and now. Cited by Hegel and Marx. |
| hic sunt dracones | here there are dragons | Written on a globe engraved on two conjoined halves of ostrich eggs, dated to 1504. |
| hic sunt leones | here there are lions | Written on uncharted territories of old maps. |
| hinc et inde | from both sides | |
| hinc illae lacrimae | hence those tears | From Terence, Andria, line 125. Originally literal, referring to the tears shed by Pamphilus at the funeral of Chrysis, it came to be used proverbially in the works of later authors, such as Horace (Epistula XIX, 41). |
| hinc itur ad astra | from here the way leads to the stars | Written on the wall of the old astronomical observatory of Vilnius University, Lithuania, and the university's motto. |
| hinc robur et securitas | herefore strength and safety | Motto of the Central Bank of Sweden. |
| historia vitae magistra | history, the teacher of life | From Cicero's De Oratore, II, 9. Also "history is the mistress of life". |
| hoc age | do this | Motto of Bradford Grammar School |
| hoc est bellum | This is war | |
| hoc est Christum cognoscere, beneficia eius cognoscere | To know Christ is to know his benefits | Famous dictum by the Reformer Melanchthon in his Loci Communes of 1521 |
| hoc est enim corpus meum | For this is my Body | The words of Jesus reiterated in Latin during the Roman Catholic Eucharist. Sometimes simply written as "Hoc est corpus meum" or "This is my body". |
| hoc genus omne | All that crowd/people | From Horace's Satires, 1/2:2. Refers to the crowd at Tigellio's funeral (c. 40–39 BC). Not to be confused with et hoc genus omne (English: and all that sort of thing). |
| hodie mihi, cras tibi | Today it's me, tomorrow it will be you | Inscription that can be seen on tombstones dating from the Middle Ages, meant to outline the ephemerality of life. |
| hominem pagina nostra sapit | It is of man that my page smells | From Martial's Epigrams, Book 10, No. 4, Line 10; stating his purpose in writing. |
| hominem non morbum cura | Treat the Man, not the Disease | Motto of the Far Eastern University – Institute of Nursing |
| homo bulla | man is a bubble | Varro (116 BC – 27 BC), in the opening line of the first book of Rerum Rusticarum Libri Tres, wrote "quod, ut dicitur, si est homo bulla, eo magis senex" (for if, as they say, man is a bubble, all the more so is an old man)[70] later reintroduced by Erasmus in his Adagia, a collection of sayings published in 1572. |
| homo homini lupus | man [is a] wolf to man | First attested in Plautus' Asinaria (lupus est homo homini). The sentence was drawn on by Hobbes in Leviathan as a concise expression of his views on human nature. |
| Homo minister et interpres naturae | Man, the servant and interpreter of nature | Motto of the Lehigh University |
| homo praesumitur bonus donec probetur malus | One is innocent until proven guilty | See also: presumption of innocence. |
| homo sum humani a me nihil alienum puto | I am a human being; nothing human is strange to me | From Terence's Heauton Timorumenos (The Self-Tormentor) (163 BC). Originally "strange" or "foreign" (alienum) was used in the sense of "irrelevant", as this line was a response to the speaker being told to mind his own business, but it is now commonly used to advocate respecting different cultures and being humane in general. Puto (I consider) is not translated because it is meaningless outside of the line's context within the play. |
| homo unius libri | a man of a single book | Attributed to Thomas Aquinas: «Hominem unius libri timeo» “I fear a man of a single book.” |
| honestas ante honores | honesty before glory | Motto of King George V School (Hong Kong) |
| honor virtutis praemium | esteem is the reward of virtue | Motto of Arnold School, Blackpool, England |
| honoris causa | for the sake of honor | Said of an honorary title, such as "Doctor of Science honoris causa" |
| hora fugit | the hour flees | See tempus fugit |
| hora somni (h.s.) | at the hour of sleep | Medical shorthand for "at bedtime" |
| horas non numero nisi serenas | I do not count the hours unless they are sunny | A common inscription on sundials. |
| horresco referens | I shudder as I tell | From Virgil's Aeneid, 2.204, on the appearance of the sea-serpents who kill the Trojan priest Laocoön and his sons |
| horribile dictu | horrible to say | cf. mirabile dictu |
| hortus in urbe | A garden in the city | Motto of the Chicago Park District, a playful allusion to the city's motto, urbs in horto, q.v. |
| hortus siccus | A dry garden | A collection of dry, preserved plants |
| hostis humani generis | enemy of the human race | Cicero defined pirates in Roman law as being enemies of humanity in general. |
| humilitas occidit superbiam | humility conquers pride | |
| hypotheses non fingo | I do not fabricate hypotheses | From Newton, Principia. Less literally, "I do not assert that any hypotheses are true". |
I
| Latin | Translation | Notes | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| I, Vitelli, dei Romani sono belli | Go, O Vitellius, at the war sound of the Roman god | Perfectly correct Latin sentence usually reported as funny by modern Italians because the same exact words, in Italian, mean "Romans' calves are beautiful", which has a ridiculously different meaning. | ||
| ibidem (ibid.) | in the same place | Usually used in bibliographic citations to refer to the last source previously referenced. | ||
| id est (i.e.) | that is (literally "it is") | "That is (to say)" in the sense of "that means" and "which means", or "in other words", "namely", or sometimes "in this case", depending on the context. | ||
| id quod plerumque accidit | that which generally happens | A phrase used in legal language to indicate the most probable outcome from an act, fact, event or cause. | ||
| idem (id.) | the same | Used to refer to something that has already been cited; ditto. See also ibidem. | ||
| idem quod (i.q.) | the same as | Not to be confused with an intelligence quotient. | ||
| Idus Martiae | the Ides of March | In the Roman calendar, the Ides of March refers to the 15th day of March. In modern times, the term is best known as the date on which Julius Caesar was assassinated in 44 BC; the term has come to be used as a metaphor for impending doom. | ||
| Jesu juva (J.J.) | Jesus, help! | Used by Johann Sebastian Bach at the beginning of his compositions, which he ended with "S.D.G." (Soli Deo gloria). Compare Besiyata Dishmaya. | ||
| Iesus Nazarenus Rex Iudaeorum (INRI) | Jesus the Nazarene, King of the Jews |
| ||
| igitur qui desiderat pacem, praeparet bellum | Therefore whoever desires peace, let him prepare for war | Publius Flavius Vegetius Renatus, De Re Militari; similar to si vis pacem, para bellum and in pace ut sapiens aptarit idonea bello. | ||
| igne natura renovatur integra | through fire, nature is reborn whole | An alchemical aphorism invented as an alternate meaning for the acronym INRI. | ||
| igni ferroque | with fire and iron | A phrase describing scorched earth tactics. Also rendered as igne atque ferro, ferro ignique, and other variations. | ||
| ignis aurum probat | fire tests gold | A phrase referring to the refining of character through difficult circumstances, it is also the motto of the Prometheus Society. | ||
| ignis fatuus | foolish fire | Will-o'-the-wisp. | ||
| ignorantia juris non excusat | (or ignorantia legis non excusat or ignorantia legis neminem excusat) ignorance of the law is no excuse | A legal principle whereby ignorance of a law does not allow one to escape liability. | ||
| ignoratio elenchi | ignorance of the issue | The logical fallacy of irrelevant conclusion: making an argument that, while possibly valid, doesn't prove or support the proposition it claims to. An ignoratio elenchi that is an intentional attempt to mislead or confuse the opposing party is known as a red herring. Elenchi is from the Greek elenchos. | ||
| ignotum per ignotius | unknown by means of the more unknown | An explanation that is less clear than the thing to be explained. Synonymous with obscurum per obscurius. | ||
| ignotus (ign.) | unknown | |||
| illum oportet crescere me autem minui | He must become greater; I must become less | In the Gospel of John 3:30, a phrase said by John the Baptist after baptizing Jesus. Motto of Saint John the Baptist Catholic School, San Juan, Metro Manila. | ||
| imago Dei | image of God | From the religious concept that man was created in "God's image". | ||
| imitatio dei | imitation of a god | A principle, held by several religions, that believers should strive to resemble their god(s). | ||
| imperium in imperio | an order within an order | 1. A group of people who owe utmost fealty to their leader(s), subordinating the interests of the larger group to the authority of the internal group's leader(s). 2. A "fifth column" organization operating against the organization within which they seemingly reside. 3. "State within a state" | ||
| imperium sine fine | an empire without an end | In Virgil's Aeneid, Jupiter ordered Aeneas to found a city (Rome) from which would come an everlasting, never-ending empire, the endless (sine fine) empire. | ||
| impossibilium nulla obligatio est | there is no obligation to do the impossible | Publius Juventius Celsus, Digesta L 17, 185. | ||
| imprimatur | let it be printed | An authorization to publish, granted by some censoring authority (originally a Catholic Bishop). | ||
| in absentia | in the absence | Used in a number of situations, such as in a trial carried out in the absence of the accused. | ||
| in absentia lucis, tenebrae vincunt | in the absence of light, darkness prevails | |||
| in actu | in act | In the very act; in reality. | ||
| [Dominica] in albis [depositis] | [Sunday in Setting Aside the] White Garments | Latin name of the Octave of Easter. | ||
| in articulo mortis | at the point of death | |||
| in bono veritas | truth is in the good | |||
| in camera | in the chamber | In secret. See also camera obscura. | ||
| in casu (i.c.) | in the event | In this case. | ||
| in cauda venenum | the poison is in the tail | Using the metaphor of a scorpion, this can be said of an account that proceeds gently, but turns vicious towards the end—or more generally waits till the end to reveal an intention or statement that is undesirable in the listener's ears. | ||
| in com. Ebor. | In the county of Yorkshire | Eboracum was the Roman name for York and this phrase is used in some Georgian and Victorian books on the genealogy of prominent Yorkshire families. | ||
| in Christi lumine pro mundi vita | in the light of Christ for the life on the world | Motto of Pontifical Catholic University of Chile. | ||
| in Deo speramus | in God we hope | Motto of Brown University. | ||
| in dubio pro reo | in doubt, on behalf of the [alleged] culprit | Expresses the judicial principle that in case of doubt the decision must be in favor of the accused (in that anyone is innocent until there is proof to the contrary). | ||
| in duplo | in double | In duplicate | ||
| in effigie | in the likeness | In (the form of) an image; in effigy (as opposed to "in the flesh" or "in person"). | ||
| in esse | in existence | In actual existence; as opposed to in posse. | ||
| in extenso | in the extended | In full; at full length; complete or unabridged | ||
| in extremis | in the furthest reaches | At the very end. In extremity; in dire straits; also "at the point of death" (cf. in articulo mortis). | ||
| in fide scientiam | To our faith add knowledge | Motto of Newington College. | ||
| in fidem | into faith | To the verification of faith. | ||
| in fieri | in becoming | In progress; pending. | ||
| in fine (i.f.) | in the end | At the end. The footnote says "p. 157 in fine": "the end of page 157". | ||
| in flagrante delicto | in a blazing wrong, while the crime is blazing | Caught in the act (esp. a crime or in a "compromising position"); equivalent to "caught red-handed" in English idiom. | ||
| in flore | in blossom | Blooming. | ||
| in foro | in forum | In court (legal term). | ||
| in girum imus nocte et consumimur igni | We enter the circle at night and are consumed by fire | A palindrome said to describe the behavior of moths. Also the title of a film by Guy Debord. | ||
| in harmonia progressio | progress in harmony | Motto of Bandung Institute of Technology, Indonesia. | ||
| in hoc sensu, or, in sensu hoc (s.h.) | in this sense | Recent academic abbreviation for "in this sense". | ||
| in hoc signo vinces | by this sign you will conquer | Words Constantine the Great claimed to have seen in a vision before the Battle of the Milvian Bridge. | ||
| in hunc effectum | for this purpose | Describes a meeting called for a particular stated purpose only. | ||
| in ictu oculi | in the blink of an eye | |||
| in illo ordine (i.o.) | in that order | Recent academic substitution for the spacious and inconvenient "..., respectively." | ||
| in illo tempore | in that time | At that time, found often in Gospel lectures during Masses, used to mark an undetermined time in the past. | ||
| in inceptum finis est | lit.: in the beginning is the end | or: the beginning foreshadows the end | ||
| in limine | at the outset/threshold | Preliminary, in law, a motion in limine is a motion that is made to the judge before or during trial, often about the admissibility of evidence believed prejudicial. | ||
| in loco | in the place, on the spot | That is, 'on site'. "The nearby labs were closed for the weekend, so the water samples were analyzed in loco." | ||
| in loco parentis | in the place of a parent | Assuming parental or custodial responsibility and authority (e.g., schoolteachers over students); a legal term. | ||
| in luce Tua videmus lucem | in Thy light we see light | Motto of Valparaiso University. The phrase comes from the book of Psalms 36:9 "For with you is the fountain of life; in your light we see light." | ||
| in lumine tuo videbimus lumen | in your light we will see the light | Motto of Columbia University, Presbyterian Boys' Secondary School and Ohio Wesleyan University. Also, it is the motto of the South African University of Fort Hare. | ||
| in manus tuas commendo spiritum meum | into your hands I entrust my spirit | According to Luke 23:46, the last words of Jesus on the cross. | ||
| in medias res | into the middle of things | From Horace. Refers to the literary technique of beginning a narrative in the middle of, or at a late point in, the story, after much action has already taken place. Examples include the Iliad, the Odyssey, Os Lusíadas, Othello, and Paradise Lost. Compare ab initio. | ||
| in memoriam | into the memory | Equivalent to "in the memory of". Refers to remembering or honoring a deceased person. | ||
| in natura | in nature | |||
| in necessariis unitas, in dubiis libertas, in omnibus caritas | in necessary things unity, in doubtful things liberty, in all things charity | "Charity" (caritas) is being used in the classical sense of "compassion" (cf. agape). Motto of the Cartellverband der katholischen deutschen Studentenverbindungen. Often misattributed to Augustine of Hippo.[citation needed] | ||
| in nocte consilium | advice comes over night. Literally: the night brings advice, source of the English expression "Sleep over it" | I.e., "Tomorrow is a new day." Motto of Birkbeck College, University of London. | ||
| in nomine diaboli | in the name of the devil | |||
| in nomine Domini | in the name of the Lord | Motto of Trinity College, Perth, Australia; the name of a 1050 papal bull | ||
| in nomine patris, et filii, et spiritus sancti | in the name of the Father, and of the Son, and of the Holy Spirit | invocation of the Holy Trinity | ||
| in nuce | in a nut | in a nutshell; briefly stated; potential; in the embryonic phase | ||
| in odium fidei | in hatred of the faith | Used in reference to the deaths of Christian martyrs | ||
| in omnia paratus | Ready for anything. | Motto of the United States Army's 18th Infantry Regiment | ||
| in omnibus amare et servire Domino | In everything, love and serve the Lord. | The motto of Ateneo de Iloilo, a school in the Philippines | ||
| in omnibus requiem quaesivi, et nusquam inveni nisi in angulo cum libro | Everywhere I have searched for peace and nowhere found it, except in a corner with a book | Quote by Thomas à Kempis | ||
| in ovo | in the egg or in the embryo | An experiment or process performed in an egg or embryo (e.g. in ovo electroporation of chicken embryo). | ||
| in pace ut sapiens aptarit idonea bello | in peace, like the wise man, make preparations for war | Horace, Satires 2/2:111; similar to si vis pacem, para bellum and igitur qui desiderat pacem, praeparet bellum. | ||
| in pace requiescat | in peace may he rest | Alternate form of requiescat in pace ("let him rest in peace"). Found in this form at the end of The Cask of Amontillado by Edgar Allan Poe. | ||
| in pari materia | upon the same matter or subject | In statutory interpretation, when a statute is ambiguous, its meaning may be determined in light of other statutes on the same subject matter. | ||
| in partibus infidelium | in the parts of the infidels | "In the land of the infidels"; used to refer to bishoprics that remains as titular sees even after the corresponding territory was conquered by Muslim empires. | ||
| in pectore | in the heart | A cardinal named in secret by the pope. See also ab imo pectore. | ||
| in personam | into a person | Directed towards a particular person | ||
| in posse | in potential | In the state of being possible; as opposed to in esse. | ||
| in propria persona | in one's own person | For one's self, for the sake of one's "Personhood"; acting on one's own behalf, especially a person representing themselves in a legal proceeding; see also litigant in person, pro se legal representation in the United States (abbreviated pro per). | ||
| in principio erat Verbum | in the beginning was the Word (Logos) | Beginning of the Gospel of John | ||
| in re | in the matter [of] | A legal term used to indicate that a judicial proceeding may not have formally designated adverse parties or is otherwise uncontested. The term is commonly used in case citations of probate proceedings, for example, In re Smith's Estate; it is also used in juvenile courts, as, for instance, In re Gault. | ||
| in rebus | in the thing [itself] | Primarily of philosophical use to discuss properties and property exemplification. In philosophy of mathematics, it is typically contrasted with "ante rem" and, more recently, "post res" structuralism. Sometimes in re is used in place of in rebus. | ||
| in regione caecorum rex est luscus | In the land of the blind, the one-eyed man is king. | A quote of Desiderius Erasmus from Adagia (first published 1500, with numerous expanded editions through 1536), III, IV, 96. | ||
| in rem | to the thing | Legal term indicating a court's jurisdiction over a piece of property rather than a legal person; contrast with personal (ad personam) jurisdiction. See In rem jurisdiction; Quasi in rem jurisdiction | ||
| in rerum natura | in the nature of things | See also Lucretius' De rerum natura (On the Nature of Things). | ||
| in retentis | among things held back | Used to describe documents kept separately from the regular records of a court for special reasons. | ||
| in saecula (saeculorum), in saeculum saeculi | roughly: down to the times of the times | forever (and ever), liturgical | ||
| in saeculo | in the times | In the secular world, esp. outside a monastery, or before death. | ||
| in salvo | in safety | |||
| in scientia et virtue | In Knowledge, and Virtue | Motto of St. Joseph's College, Colombo. Sri Lanka. | ||
| in se magna ruunt | great things collapse of their own weight | Lucan, Pharsalia 1:81. | ||
| in situ | in the place | In the original place, appropriate position, or natural arrangement. | ||
| in somnis veritas | In dreams there is truth | |||
| in spe | in hope | "future" ("my mother-in-law in spe", i.e. "my future mother-in-law"), or "in embryonic form", as in "Locke's theory of government resembles, in spe, Montesquieu's theory of the separation of powers." | ||
| in specialibus generalia quaerimus | To seek the general in the specifics | That is, to understand the most general rules through the most detailed analysis. | ||
| in statu nascendi | in the state of being born | Just as something is about to begin | ||
| in theatro ludus | like a scene in a play | Surreal | ||
| in toto | in all | Totally; entirely; completely. | ||
| in triplo | in triple | In triplicate. | ||
| in umbra, igitur, pugnabimus | Then we will fight in the shade | |||
| in utero | in the womb | |||
| in utrumque paratus | prepared for either (event) | |||
| in vacuo | in a void | In a vacuum; isolated from other things. | ||
| in varietate concordia | united in diversity | The motto of the European Union and the Council of Europe | ||
| in verbo tuo | at your word | a reference to the response of Peter when he was invited by Jesus to "Put out into the deep and let down your nets for a catch" (Luke 5:4–5). | ||
| invidiae prudentia victrix | prudence conquers jealousy | |||
| in vino veritas | in wine [there is] truth | That is, wine loosens the tongue (referring to alcohol's disinhibitory effects). | ||
| in vitro | in glass | An experimental or process methodology performed in a "non-natural" setting (e.g. in a laboratory using a glass test tube or Petri dish), and thus outside of a living organism or cell. Alternative experimental or process methodologies include in vitro, ex vivo and in vivo. | ||
| in vivo | in life/in a living thing | An experiment or process performed on a living specimen. | ||
| in vivo veritas | in a living thing [there is] truth | An expression used by biologists to express the fact that laboratory findings from testing an organism in vitro are not always reflected when applied to an organism in vivo. A pun on in vino veritas. | ||
| incepto ne desistam | May I not shrink from my purpose! | Westville Boys' High School and Westville Girls' High School's motto is taken directly from Virgil. These words, found in Aeneid, Book 1, are used by Juno, queen of heaven who hated the Trojans led by Aeneas. When she saw the fleet of Aeneas on its way to Italy, after the sack of Troy by the Greeks, she planned to scatter it by means of strong winds. In her determination to accomplish her task she cried out "Incepto Ne Desistam!" | ||
| incertae sedis | of uncertain position (seat) | A term used to classify a taxonomic group when its broader relationships are unknown or undefined. | ||
| incredibile dictu | incredible to say | A variant on mirabile dictu. | ||
| intus et in cute | Inwardly, under the skin [intimately, without reservation] | Persius, Satire 3:30. | ||
| Index Librorum Prohibitorum | Index of Prohibited (or, Forbidden) Books | A list of books considered heretical by the Roman Catholic Church. | ||
| indigens Deo | being-in-need-of-God, beggar before God | From Augustine, De Civitate Dei XII, 1.3: beatitudinem consequatur nec expleat indigentiam suam, "since it is not satisfied unless it be perfectly blessed." | ||
| indignor quandoque bonus dormitat Homerus | I too am annoyed whenever good Homer nods off | Horace, Ars Poetica 358 | ||
| indivisibiliter ac inseparabiliter | indivisible and inseparable | Motto of Austria-Hungary before it was divided and separated into independent states in 1918. | ||
| Infinitus est numerus stultorum. | Infinite is the number of fools. | |||
| infirma mundi elegit Deus | God chooses the weak of the world | The motto of Venerable Vital-Justin Grandin, the bishop of the St. Albert Diocese, which is now the Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Edmonton | ||
| infra dignitatem (infra dig) | beneath one's dignity | |||
| ingenio stat sine morte decus | The honors of genius are eternal | Propertius, Elegies Book III, 2 | ||
| initium sapientiae timor Domini | The fear of the Lord is the beginning of wisdom. | A quotation of Psalm 111:10. Motto of the University of Aberdeen, Scotland. | ||
| iniuriae qui addideris contumeliam | You who have added insult to injury | Phaedrus, Fables 5/3:5. | ||
| inopiae desunt multa, avaritiae omnia | To poverty many things are lacking; to avarice, everything | Publilius Syrus. | ||
| insita hominibus libidine alendi de industria rumores | Men have an innate desire to propagate rumors or reports | Titus Livius, (XXVII, XXIV); Michel de Montaigne, (Essays). | ||
| instante mense (inst.) | in the present month | Used in formal correspondence to refer to the current month, sometimes abbreviated as inst; e.g.: "Thank you for your letter of the 17th inst."—ult. mense = last month, prox. mense = next month. | ||
| Instrumentum regni | instrument of government | Used to express the exploitation of religion by State or ecclesiastical polity as a means of controlling the masses, or in particular to achieve political and mundane ends. | ||
| Instrumentum vocale | instrument with voice | So Varro in his De re rustica (On Agriculture) defines the slave: an instrument (as a simple plow, or etc.) with voice. | ||
| intaminatis fulget honoribus | Untarnished, she shines with honor | From Horace's Odes (III.2.18). Motto of Wofford College. | ||
| integer vitae scelerisque purus | unimpaired by life and clean of wickedness | From Horace. Used as a funeral hymn. | ||
| intelligenti pauca | Few words suffice for him who understands | |||
| inter alia (i.a.) | among other things | A term used in formal extract minutes to indicate that the minute quoted has been taken from a fuller record of other matters, or when alluding to the parent group after quoting a particular example. | ||
| inter alios | among others | Often used to compress lists of parties to legal documents | ||
| inter arma enim silent leges | in a time of war, the law falls silent | Said by Cicero in Pro Milone as a protest against unchecked political mobs that had virtually seized control of Rome in the 60s and 50s BC. Famously quoted in the essay Civil Disobedience by Henry David Thoreau as "The clatter of arms drowns out the voice of the law". This phrase has also been jokingly translated as "In a time of arms, the legs are silent." | ||
| inter caetera | among others | Title of a papal bull | ||
| inter mutanda constantia | Steadfast in the midst of change | Motto for Rockwell College in Ireland and Francis Libermann Catholic High School in Ontario, Canada | ||
| inter spem et metum | between hope and fear | |||
| inter faeces et urinam nascimur | we are born between feces and urine | Attributed to Saint Augustine | ||
| inter vivos | between the living | Refers to property transfers between living persons, as opposed to a testamentary transfer upon death such as an inheritance; often relevant to tax laws. | ||
| intra muros | within the walls | Not public; source of the word intramural. See also Intramuros, Manila. | ||
| intra vires | within the powers | Within one's authority | ||
| invenias etiam disiecti membra poetae | You would still recognize the scattered fragments of a poet | Horace, Satires, I, 4, 62, in reference to the earlier Roman poet Ennius | ||
| inveniet quod quisque velit | Each shall find what he desires | Attributed to Petronius[71] or Prudentius. Motto of Nature in Cambridgeshire:[72]
| ||
| invicta | Unconquered | Motto of the English county of Kent and the city of Oporto | ||
| invictus maneo | I remain unvanquished | Motto of the Armstrong Clan | ||
| Iohannes est nomen eius | John is his name | Motto of the Seal of the Commonwealth of Puerto Rico | ||
| ipsa scientia potestas est | knowledge itself is power | Famous phrase written by Sir Francis Bacon in 1597 | ||
| ipse dixit | he himself said it | Commonly said in Medieval debates and referring to Aristotle. Used in general to emphasize that some assertion comes from some authority, i.e., as an argument from authority, and the term ipse-dixitism has come to mean any unsupported rhetorical assertion that lacks a logical argument. A literal translation by Cicero (in his De Natura Deorum 1.10) of the Greek «αὐτὸς ἔφα», an invocation by Pythagoreans when appealing to the pronouncements of the master. | ||
| ipsissima verba | the very words themselves | "Strictly word for word" (cf. verbatim). Often used in Biblical Studies to describe the record of Jesus' teaching found in the New Testament (specifically, the four Gospels). | ||
| ipsissima voce | in the very 'voice' itself | To approximate the main thrust or message without using the exact words | ||
| ipso facto | by the fact itself | By that very fact | ||
| ipso iure | by the law itself | Automatically as a consequence of law | ||
| ira deorum | wrath of the gods | Like the vast majority of inhabitants of the ancient world, the ancient Romans practiced pagan rituals, believing it important to achieve a state of pax deorum (peace of the gods) instead of ira deorum (wrath of the gods): earthquakes, floods, famine, etc. | ||
| ira furor brevis est | Wrath (anger) is but a brief madness | |||
| ita vero | thus indeed | A useful phrase, as the Romans had no word for "yes", preferring to respond to questions with the affirmative or negative of the question (e.g., "Are you hungry?" was answered by "I am hungry" or "I am not hungry", not "Yes" or "No). | ||
| ite, missa est | Go, it is the dismissal | Loosely: "You have been dismissed", literally "Go. Mass is over". Concluding words addressed to the people in the Mass of the Roman Rite.[73] | ||
| iter legis | The path of the law | The path a law takes from its conception to its implementation | ||
| iucunda memoria est praeteritorum malorum | Pleasant is the memory of past troubles | Cicero, De finibus bonorum et malorum 2, 32, 105 | ||
| iugulare mortuos | to cut the throat of corpses | From Gerhard Gerhards' (1466–1536) [better known as Erasmus] collection of annotated Adagia (1508). It can mean attacking the work or personality of deceased person. Alternatively, it can be used to describe criticism of an individual already heavily criticised by others. | ||
| iuncta iuvant | together they strive | also spelled juncta juvant; from the legal principle quae non valeant singula, iuncta iuvant ("What is without value on its own, helps when joined") | ||
| iura novit curia | the court knows the law | A legal principle in civil law countries of the Roman-German tradition that says that lawyers need not to argue the law, as that is the office of the court. Sometimes miswritten as iura novat curia (the court renews the laws). | ||
| iure matris | in right of his mother | Indicates a right exercised by a son on behalf of his mother | ||
| iure uxoris | in right of his wife | Indicates a right exercised by a husband on behalf of his wife | ||
| iuris ignorantia est cum ius nostrum ignoramus | it is ignorance of the law when we do not know our own rights | |||
| ius accrescendi | right of accrual | Commonly referred to as "right of survivorship": a rule in property law that surviving joint tenants have rights in equal shares to a decedent's property | ||
| ius ad bellum | law towards war | Refers to the laws that regulate the reasons for going to war. Typically, this would address issues of self-defense or preemptive strikes. | ||
| ius cogens | compelling law | Refers to a fundamental principle of international law considered to have acceptance among the international community of states as a whole. Typically, this would address issues not listed or defined by any authoritative body, but arise out of case law and changing social and political attitudes. Generally included are prohibitions on waging aggressive war, crimes against humanity, war crimes, piracy, genocide, slavery, and torture. | ||
| ius est ars boni et aequi | the law is the art of goodness and equity | Appears on the front of the Sievekingplatz 2, a couthouse of the Hanseatisches Oberlandesgericht, in Hamburg, Germany. | ||
| ius in bello | law in war | Refers to the "laws" that regulate the conduct of combatants during a conflict. Typically, this would address issues of who or what is a valid target, how to treat prisoners, and what sorts of weapons can be used. The word jus is also commonly spelled ius. | ||
| ius primae noctis | law of the first night | The droit de seigneur | ||
| iustitia fundamentum regni | justice is the foundation of a reign | Motto of the Supreme Public Prosecutor's Office of the Czech Republic | ||
| iustitia omnibus | justice for all | The motto of Washington, D.C. | ||
| iuventuti nil arduum | to the young nothing is difficult | Motto of Canberra Girls Grammar School | ||
| iuventutis veho fortunas | I bear the fortunes of youth | Motto of Dollar Academy |
L
| Latin | Translation | Notes |
|---|---|---|
| labor ipse voluptas | The pleasure is in the work itself. | Motto of Leopold von Ranke (Manilius IV 155) |
| labor omnia vincit | Hard work conquers all. | Popular as a motto; derived from a phrase in Virgil's Eclogue (X.69: omnia vincit Amor – "Love conquers all"); a similar phrase also occurs in his Georgics I.145. |
| laborare pugnare parati sumus | To work, (or) to fight; we are ready | Motto of the California Maritime Academy |
| labore et honore | By labour and honour | |
| laboremus pro patria | Let us work for the fatherland | Motto of the Carlsberg breweries |
| laboris gloria Ludi | Games are the glory of work, | Motto of the Camborne School of Mines, Cornwall, UK |
| lacrimae rerum | The poignancy of things. | Virgil, Aeneid 1:462 |
| lapsus | lapse, slip, error; involuntary mistake made while writing or speaking | |
| lapsus calami | inadvertent typographical error, slip of the pen | |
| lapsus linguae | inadvertent speech error, slip of the tongue | |
| lapsus memoriae | slip of memory | source of the term memory lapse |
| latius est impunitum relinqui facinus nocentis (quam innocentem damnari) | It is better to let the crime of the guilty go unpunished (than to condemn the innocent) | Ulpian, Digest 5:6. |
| lauda finem | praise to the end | Motto of Nottingham High School |
| Laudatio Ejus Manet In Secula Seculorum | His Praise Remains unto Ages of Ages | Motto of Galway |
| laudator temporis acti | praiser of time past | One who is discontent with the present and instead prefers things of the past ("the good old days"). In Horace's Ars Poetica, line 173; motto of HMS Veteran |
| laudetur Jesus Christus | Praise (Be) Jesus Christ | Often used as a salutation, but also used after prayers or the reading of the gospel |
| laus Deo | praise be to God | Inscription on the east side at the peak of the Washington Monument in Washington, D.C.; motto of the Viscount of Arbuthnott and Sydney Grammar School; title of a poem by John Greenleaf Whittier commemorating the passage of the 13th Amendment |
| lectio brevior potior | The shorter reading is the better | A maxim in text criticism. Codified, but simultaneously refuted, by Marxist educators.[citation needed] |
| lectio difficilior potior | The more difficult reading is the stronger | |
| lectori salutem (L. S.,) | greetings to the reader | Often abbreviated to L.S., used as opening words for a letter |
| lege artis | according to the law of the art | Denotes that a certain intervention is performed in a correct way. Used especially in a medical context. The 'art' referred to in the phrase is medicine. |
| legem terrae | the law of the land | |
| leges humanae nascuntur, vivunt, et moriuntur | laws of man are born, live and die | |
| leges sine moribus vanae | laws without morals [are] vain | From Horace's Odes; motto of the University of Pennsylvania |
| legio patria nostra | The Legion is our fatherland | Motto of the French Foreign Legion |
| legi, intellexi, et condemnavi | I read, understood, and condemned. | |
| legis plenitudo charitas | charity (love) is the fulfilment of the law | Motto of Ratcliffe College, UK and of the Rosmini College, NZ |
| legitime | lawfully | In Roman and civil law, a forced share in an estate; the portion of the decedent's estate from which the immediate family cannot be disinherited. From the French héritier legitime (rightful heir). |
| lex artis | law of the skill | The rules that regulate a professional duty. |
| lex dei vitae lampas | the law of God is the lamp of life | Motto of the Presbyterian Ladies' College, Melbourne |
| lex ferenda | the law that should be borne | The law as it ought to be. |
| lex hac edictali | the law here proclaims | The rule whereby a spouse cannot by deed inter vivos or bequeath by testament to his or her second spouse more than the amount of the smallest portion given or bequeathed to any child. |
| lex in casu | law in the event | A law that only concerns one particular case. See law of the case. |
| lex lata | the law that has been borne | The law as it is. |
| lex loci | law of the place | |
| lex non scripta | law that has not been written | Unwritten law, or common law |
| lex orandi, lex credendi | the law of prayer is the law of faith | |
| lex paciferat | the law shall bring peace | Motto of the European Gendarmerie Force |
| lex parsimoniae | law of succinctness | also known as Occam's Razor |
| lex rex | the law [is] king | A principle of government advocating a rule by law rather than by men. The phrase originated as a double entendre in the title of Samuel Rutherford's controversial book Lex, Rex (1644), which espoused a theory of limited government and constitutionalism. |
| lex scripta | written law | Statutory law; contrasted with lex non scripta |
| lex talionis | the law of retaliation | Retributive justice (i.e., eye for an eye) |
| libertas, justitia, veritas | Liberty Justice Truth | Motto of the Korea University and Freie Universität Berlin |
| Libertas perfundet omnia luce | Freedom will flood all things with light | Motto of the University of Barcelona and the Complutense University of Madrid |
| Libertas quae sera tamen | freedom which [is] however late | Liberty even when it comes late; motto of Minas Gerais, Brazil |
| Libertas Securitas Justitia | Liberty Security Justice | Motto of the Frontex |
| libra (lb) | balance; scales | Its abbreviation lb is used as a unit of weight, the pound. |
| lignum crucis arbor scientiae | The wood of the cross is the tree of knowledge | School motto of Denstone College |
| littera scripta manet | The written word endures | Attributed to Horace |
| loco citato (lc) | in the place cited | More fully written in loco citato; see also opere citato |
| locum tenens | place holder | A worker who temporarily takes the place of another with similar qualifications, for example as a doctor or a member of the clergy; usually shortened to locum. |
| locus classicus | a classic place | The most typical or classic case of something; quotation which most typifies its use. |
| locus minoris resistentiae | place of less resistance | A medical term to describe a location on or in a body that offers little resistance to infection, damage, or injury. For example, a weakened place that tends to be reinjured. |
| locus poenitentiae | a place of repentance | A legal term, it is the opportunity of withdrawing from a projected contract, before the parties are finally bound; or of abandoning the intention of committing a crime, before it has been completed. |
| locus standi | A right to stand | Standing in law (the right to have one's case in court) |
| longissimus dies cito conditur | even the longest day soon ends | Pliny the Younger, Epistulae 9/36:4 |
| luce veritatis | By the light of truth | School motto of Queen Margaret College |
| luceat lux vestra | Let your light shine | From Matthew Ch. 5 V. 16; popular as a school motto |
| lucem sequimur | We follow the light | Motto of the University of Exeter |
| luceo non uro | I shine, not burn | Motto of the Highland Scots Clan Mackenzie |
| lucida sidera | The shining stars | Horace, Carmina 1/3:2 |
| luctor et emergo | I struggle and emerge | Motto of the Dutch province of Zeeland to denote its battle against the sea, and the Athol Murray College of Notre Dame |
| Luctor, non mergor | 'I struggle, but am not overwhelmed | Motto of the Glass Family (Sauchie, Scotland)[74] |
| lucus a non lucendo | [it is named] a "grove" because it is not lit | From late 4th-century grammarian Honoratus Maurus, who sought to mock implausible word origins such as those proposed by Priscian. It is a jesting suggestion that since the word lucus (dark grove) has a similar appearance to the verb lucere (to shine), the former word is derived from the latter word because of a lack of light in wooded groves. Often used as an example of absurd etymology, it derives from parum luceat (it does not shine [being darkened by shade]) by Quintilian in Institutio Oratoria. |
| ludemus bene in compania | We play well in groups | Motto of the Barony of Marinus |
| lupus est homo homini | A man to a man is a wolf | Plautus' adaptation of an old Roman proverb: homo homini lupus est ("man is a wolf to [his fellow] man"). In Asinaria, act II, scene IV, verse 89 [495 overall]. Lupus est homo homini, non homo, quom qualis sit non novit ("a man to a man is a wolf, not a man, when the other doesn't know of what character he is.")[75] |
| lupus in fabula | the wolf in the story | With the meaning "speak of the wolf, and he will come"; from Terence's play Adelphoe. |
| lupus non mordet lupum | a wolf does not bite a wolf | |
| lupus non timet canem latrantem | a wolf is not afraid of a barking dog | |
| lux aeterna | eternal light | epitaph |
| lux et lex | light and law | Motto of the Franklin & Marshall College and the University of North Dakota |
| lux et veritas | light and truth | A translation of the Hebrew Urim and Thummim. Motto of several institutions, including Yale University. |
| lux ex tenebris | light from darkness | Motto of the 67th Network Warfare Wing |
| lux hominum vita | light the life of man | Motto of the University of New Mexico |
| lux in Domino | light in the Lord | Motto of the Ateneo de Manila University |
| lux in tenebris lucet | The light that shines in the darkness | Motto of Columbia University School of General Studies[76] Also: John 1:5. |
| lux libertas | light and liberty | Motto of the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill |
| Lux mentis Lux orbis | Light of the mind, Light of the world | Motto of Sonoma State University |
| lux sit | let there be light | A more literal Latinization of the phrase; the most common translation is fiat lux, from Latin Vulgate Bible phrase chosen for the Genesis line "וַיֹּאמֶר אֱלֹהִים, יְהִי אוֹר; וַיְהִי-אוֹר" (And God said: 'Let there be light.' And there was light). Motto of the University of Washington. |
| lux tua nos ducat | Your light guides us | |
| lux, veritas, virtus | light, truth, courage | Motto of Northeastern University |
| lux, vita, caritas | light, life, love | Motto of St John's College, Johannesburg |
M
| Latin | Translation | Notes |
|---|---|---|
| Macte animo! Generose puer sic itur ad astra | Young, cheer up! This is the way to the skies. | Motto of Academia da Força Aérea (Air Force Academy) of the Brazilian Air Force |
| macte virtute sic itur ad astra | those who excel, thus reach the stars | or "excellence is the way to the stars"; frequent motto; from Virgil's Aeneid IX.641 (English, Dryden) |
| magister dixit | the teacher has said it | Canonical medieval reference to Aristotle, precluding further discussion |
| magister meus Christus | Christ is my teacher | common Catholic edict and motto of a Catholic private school, Andrean High School in Merrillville, Indiana |
| Magna Carta | Great Charter | Set of documents from 1215 between Pope Innocent III, King John of England, and English barons. |
| magna cum laude | with great praise | Common Latin honor, above cum laude and below summa cum laude |
| magna di curant, parva neglegunt | The gods care about great matters, but they neglect small ones | Cicero, De Natura Deorum 2:167 |
| magna est vis consuetudinis | great is the power of habit | |
| Magna Europa est patria nostra | Greater Europe is Our Fatherland | Political motto of pan-Europeanists |
| magno cum gaudio | with great joy | |
| magnum opus | great work | Said of someone's masterpiece |
| magnum vectigal est parsimonia | Economy is a great revenue | Cicero, Paradoxa 6/3:49. Sometimes translated into English as "thrift (or frugality) is a great revenue (or income)", edited from its original subordinate clause: "O di immortales! non intellegunt homines, quam magnum vectigal sit parsimonia." (English: O immortal gods! Men do not understand what a great revenue is thrift.) |
| maior e longinquo reverentia | greater reverence from afar | When viewed from a distance, everything is beautiful. Tacitus, Annales 1.47 |
| maiora premunt | greater things are pressing | Used to indicate that it is the moment to address more important, urgent, issues. |
| mala fide | in bad faith | Said of an act done with knowledge of its illegality, or with intention to defraud or mislead someone. Opposite of bona fide. |
| Mala Ipsa Nova | Bad News Itself | Motto of the inactive 495th Fighter Squadron, US Air Force |
| mala tempora currunt | bad times are upon us | Also used ironically, e.g.: New teachers know all tricks used by pupils to copy from classmates? Oh, mala tempora currunt!. |
| male captus bene detentus | wrongly captured, properly detained | An illegal arrest will not prejudice the subsequent detention/trial. |
| Malo mori quam foedari | Death rather than dishonour | Motto of the inactive 34th Battalion (Australia), the Drimnagh Castle Secondary School |
| Malo periculosam libertatem quam quietam servitutem | I prefer dangerous liberty to peaceful slavery | Attributed to the Count Palatine of Posen before the Polish Diet, cited in The Social Contract by Jean-Jacques Rousseau |
| malum discordiae | apple of discord | Alludes to the apple of Eris in the Judgement of Paris, the mythological cause of the Trojan War. It is also a pun based on the near-homonymous word malum (evil). The word for "apple" has a long ā vowel in Latin and the word for "evil" a short a vowel, but they are normally written the same. |
| malum in se | wrong in itself | A legal term meaning that something is inherently wrong (cf. malum prohibitum). |
| malum prohibitum | wrong due to being prohibited | A legal term meaning that something is only wrong because it is against the law. |
| malum quo communius eo peius | the more common an evil is, the worse it is | |
| manu forte | literally translated means 'with a strong hand', often quoted as 'by strength of hand' | Motto of the Clan McKay |
| manibus date lilia plenis | give lilies with full hands | A phrase from Virgil's Aeneid, VI.883, mourning the death of Marcellus, Augustus' nephew. Quoted by Dante as he leaves Virgil in Purgatory, XXX.21, echoed by Walt Whitman in Leaves of Grass III, 6. |
| manu militari | with a military hand | Using armed forces in order to achieve a goal |
| manu propria (m.p.) | with one's own hand | With the implication of "signed by one's hand". Its abbreviated form is sometimes used at the end of typewritten or printed documents or official notices, directly following the name of the person(s) who "signed" the document exactly in those cases where there isn't an actual handwritten signature. |
| manus manum lavat | one hand washes the other | famous quote from The Pumpkinification of Claudius, ascribed to Seneca the Younger.[77] It implies that one situation helps the other. |
| manus multae cor unum | many hands, one heart | Motto of the Alpha Delta Phi fraternity. |
| manus nigra | black hand | |
| marcet sine adversario virtus | valor becomes feeble without an opponent | Seneca the Younger, De Providentia 2:4. Also, translated into English as "[their] strength and courage droop without an antagonist" ("Of Providence" (1900) by Seneca, translated by Aubrey Stewart),[78] "without an adversary, prowess shrivels" (Moral Essays (1928) by Seneca, translated by John W, Basore)[79] and "prowess withers without opposition". |
| mare clausum | closed sea | In law, a sea under the jurisdiction of one nation and closed to all others. |
| Mare Ditat, Rosa Decorat | The sea enriches, the rose adorns | Motto of Montrose, Angus and HMS Montrose |
| mare liberum | free sea | In law, a sea open to international shipping navigation. |
| mare nostrum | our sea | A nickname given to the Mediterranean during the height of the Roman Empire, as it encompassed the entire coastal basin. |
| Mater Dei | Mother of God | A name given to describe Mary, who gave birth to Jesus, who is also called the Son of God. |
| mater familias | the mother of the family | The female head of a family. See pater familias. |
| mater lectionis | mother reading | |
| Mater semper certa est | the mother is always certain | a Roman-law principle which has the power of praesumptio iuris et de iure, meaning that no counter-evidence can be made against this principle (literally: Presumed there is no counter evidence and by the law). Its meaning is that the mother of the child is always known. |
| materia medica | medical matter | Branch of medical science concerned with the study of drugs used in the treatment of disease. Also, the drugs themselves. |
| maxima debetur puero reverentia | greatest deference is owed to the child | from Juvenal's Satires XIV:47 |
| me vexat pede | it annoys me at the foot | Less literally, "my foot itches". Refers to a trivial situation or person that is being a bother, possibly in the sense of wishing to kick that thing away or, such as the commonly used expressions, a "pebble in one's shoe" or "nipping at one's heels". |
| mea culpa | through my fault | Used in Christian prayers and confession to denote the inherently flawed nature of mankind; can also be extended to mea maxima culpa (through my greatest fault). |
| mea navis aëricumbens anguillis abundat | My hovercraft is full of eels | A relatively common recent Latinization inspired by the Dirty Hungarian Phrasebook sketch by Monty Python. |
| media vita in morte sumus | In the midst of our lives we die | A well-known sequence, falsely attributed to Notker during the Middle Ages. It was translated by Cranmer and became a part of the burial service in the funeral rites of the Anglican Book of Common Prayer. |
| Mediolanum captum est | Milan has been captured | Used erroneously as Mediolanum Capta Est by the black metal band Mayhem as an album title. Mediolanum was an ancient city in present-day Milan, Italy. |
| Melius abundare quam deficere | Better too much than not enough. | Also used in elliptical form as melius abundare. |
| meliora | better things | Carrying the connotation of "always better". The motto of the University of Rochester. |
| Meliorare legem meliorare vitam est | To improve the law is to improve life. | The motto of the Salem/Roanoke County, Virginia Bar Association. |
| Meliorem lapsa locavit | He has planted one better than the one fallen. | The motto of the Belmont County, Ohio, and the motto in the seal of the Northwest Territory |
| Melita, domi adsum | Honey, I'm home! | A relatively common recent Latinization from the joke phrasebook Latin for All Occasions. Grammatically correct, but the phrase would be anachronistic in ancient Rome. |
| memento mori | remember that [you will] die | remember your mortality |
| memento vivere | remember to live | |
| meminerunt omnia amantes | lovers remember all | |
| memores acti prudentes futuri | mindful of things done, aware of things to come | Thus, both remembering the past and foreseeing the future. From the North Hertfordshire District Council coat of arms. |
| Memoriae Sacrum (M.S.) | Sacred to the Memory (of ...) | A common first line on 17th-century English church monuments. The Latinized name of the deceased follows, in the genitive case. Alternatively it may be used as a heading, the inscription following being in English, for example: "Memoriae Sacrum. Here lies the body of ..." |
| mens agitat molem | the mind moves the mass | From Virgil; motto of several educational institutions |
| Mens conscia recti | a mind aware of what is right | Motto of The College Preparatory School in Oakland, CA |
| mens et manus | mind and hand | Motto of Massachusetts Institute of Technology, New York Institute of Technology, and also of the Philadelphia College of Osteopathic Medicine. |
| mens rea | guilty mind | Also "culprit mind". A term used in discussing the mindset of an accused criminal. |
| mens sana in corpore sano | a sound mind in a sound body | Or "a sensible mind in a healthy body". Satire X of the Roman poet Juvenal (10.356) |
| metri causa | for the sake of the metre | Excusing flaws in poetry "for the sake of the metre" |
| Miles Gloriosus | Glorious Soldier | Or "Boastful Soldier". Miles Gloriosus is the title of a play of Plautus. A stock character in comedy, the braggart soldier. (It is said that at Salamanca, there is a wall, on which graduates inscribe their names, where Francisco Franco had a plaque installed reading "Franciscus Francus Miles Gloriosus".) |
| miles praesidii libertatis | Soldier of the Bastion of Freedom | A phrase on the plaque in commemoration of Prof. Benjamin Marius Telders, Academiegebouw Leiden (Netherlands). |
| mictus cruentus | bloody urine | see hematuria |
| minatur innocentibus qui parcit nocentibus | he threatens the innocent who spares the guilty | |
| mirabile dictu | wonderful to tell | Virgil |
| mirabile visu | wonderful to see | A Roman phrase used to describe a wonderful event/happening. |
| mirum videtur quod sit factum iam diu | Does it seem wonderful [merely] because it was done a long time/so long ago? | Livius Andronicus, Aiax Mastigophorus. |
| miscerique probat populos et foedera jungi | He approves of the mingling of the peoples and their bonds of union | Latin Aeneid of Virgil, Book IV, line 112, "he" referring to the great Roman god, who approved of the settlement of Romans in Africa. Old Motto of Trinidad and Tobago, and used in the novel A Bend in the River by V. S. Naipaul. |
| misera est servitus ubi jus est aut incognitum aut vagum | miserable is that state of slavery in which the law is unknown or uncertain | Quoted by Samuel Johnson in his paper for James Boswell on Vicious intromission. |
| miserabile visu | terrible to see | A terrible happening or event. |
| miseram pacem vel bello bene mutari | A bad peace is even worse than war. | From Tacitus' Annales, III, 44. |
| miserere nobis | have mercy upon us | A phrase within the Gloria in Excelsis Deo and the Agnus Dei, to be used at certain points in Christian religious ceremonies. |
| Missio Dei | the Mission of God | A theological phrase in the Christian religion. |
| missit me Dominus | the Lord has sent me | A phrase used by Jesus. |
| mittimus | we send | A warrant of commitment to prison, or an instruction for a jailer to hold someone in prison. |
| mobilis in mobili | "moving in a moving thing" or, poetically, "changing through the changing medium" | The motto of the Nautilus from the Jules Verne novel Twenty Thousand Leagues Under the Sea. |
| modus operandi (M.O.) | method of operating | Usually used to describe a criminal's methods. |
| modus ponens | method of placing | Loosely "method of affirming", a logical rule of inference stating that from propositions if P then Q and P, then one can conclude Q. |
| modus tollens | method of removing | Loosely "method of denying", a logical rule of inference stating that from propositions if P then Q and not Q, then one can conclude not P. |
| modus vivendi | method of living or way of life | An accommodation between disagreeing parties to allow life to go on. A practical compromise. |
| Monasterium sine libris est sicut civitas sine opibus | A monastery without books is like a city without wealth | Used in the Umberto Eco novel The Name of the Rose. Part of a much larger phrase: Monasterium sine libris, est sicut civitas sine opibus, castrum sine numeris, coquina sine suppellectili, mensa sine cibis, hortus sine herbis, pratum sine floribus, arbor sine foliis. Translation: A monastery without books is like a city without wealth, a fortress without soldiers, a kitchen without utensils, a table without food, a garden without plants, a meadow without flowers, a tree without leaves. |
| montani semper liberi | mountaineers [are] always free | State motto of West Virginia, adopted in 1872; part of the coat of arms for the Colombian city of Bucaramanga. |
| Montis Insignia Calpe | Badge of the Mons Calpe (Rock of Gibraltar) | A self-referential literal identifier below the emblem |
| morbus virgineus | Disease of the virgins or Virgin's disease | Hypochromic anemia, an iron deficiency anemia common in young women[80] |
| more ferarum | like beasts | used to describe any sexual act in the manner of beasts |
| more suo | in his/her/its/their usual way | |
| morior invictus | I die unvanquished[81] | sometimes also translated as "death before defeat"[81] |
| morituri nolumus mori | we who are about to die don't want to | From Terry Pratchett's The Last Hero, an effective parody on Morituri te salutamus/salutant |
| morituri te salutant | those who are about to die salute you | Used once in Suetonius' De Vita Caesarum 5, (Divus Claudius), chapter 21,[82] by the condemned prisoners manning galleys about to take part in a mock naval battle on Lake Fucinus in AD 52. Popular misconception ascribes it as a gladiator's salute. See also: Ave Imperator, morituri te salutant and Naumachia. |
| mors certa, hora incerta | death is certain, its hour is uncertain | |
| mors mihi lucrum | death to me is reward | A common epitaph, from St Paul's Epistle to the Philippians, 1:21 (Mihi enim vivere Christus est et mori lucrum, translated in the King James Bible as: "For to me to live is Christ and to die is gain") |
| mors omnibus | death to all | Signifies anger and depression. |
| mors tua, vita mea | your death, my life | From medieval Latin, it indicates that battle for survival, where your defeat is necessary for my victory, survival. |
| mors vincit omnia | "death conquers all" or "death always wins" | An axiom often found on headstones. |
| morte magis metuenda senectus | old age should rather be feared than death | from Juvenal in his Satires |
| mortui vivos docent | The dead teach the living | Used to justify dissections of human cadavers in order to understand the cause of death. |
| mortuum flagellas | you are flogging a dead (man) | From Gerhard Gerhards' (1466–1536) [better known as Erasmus] collection of annotated Adagia (1508). Criticising one who will not be affected in any way by the criticism. |
| mos maiorum | the custom of our ancestors | an unwritten code of laws and conduct, of the Romans. It institutionalized cultural traditions, societal mores, and general policies, as distinct from written laws. |
| motu proprio | on his own initiative | Or "by his own accord." Identifies a class of papal documents, administrative papal bulls. |
| mulgere hircum | to milk a male goat | From Gerhard Gerhards' (1466–1536) [better known as Erasmus] collection of annotated Adagia (1508). Attempting the impossible. |
| mulier est hominis confusio | woman is man's ruin | "Part of a comic definition of woman" from the Altercatio Hadriani Augusti et Secundi.[83] Famously quoted by Chauntecleer in Geoffrey Chaucer's Canterbury Tales. |
| multa paucis | Say much in few words | |
| multis e gentibus vires | from many peoples, strength | Motto of Saskatchewan |
| multitudo sapientium sanitas orbis | a multitude of the wise is the health of the world | From the Vulgate, Wisdom of Solomon 6:24. Motto of the University of Victoria. |
| multum in parvo | much in little | Conciseness. The term "mipmap" is formed using the phrase's abbreviation "MIP"; motto of Rutland, a county in central England. Latin phrases are often multum in parvo, conveying much in few words. |
| mundus senescit | the world grows old | |
| mundus vult decipi | the world wants to be deceived | Ascribed to Roman satirist Petronius. Also in Augustine of Hippo's De Civitate Dei contra Paganos (5th century AD), Sebastian Franck's Paradoxa Ducenta Octoginta (1542), and in James Branch Cabell's 1921 novel Figures of Earth.[84][85][86][87] |
| mundus vult decipi, ergo decipiatur | the world wants to be deceived, so let it be deceived | Ascribed to Roman satirist Petronius. Also in Augustine of Hippo's De Civitate Dei contra Paganos (5th century AD) as "si mundus vult decipi, decipiatur" ("if the world will be gulled, let it be gulled"), and only the first part, "mundus vult decipi" ("the world wants to be deceived"), in Sebastian Franck's Paradoxa Ducenta Octoginta (1542) and in James Branch Cabell's Figures of Earth (1921).[84][85][86][87] |
| munit haec et altera vincit | this one defends and the other one conquers | Motto of Nova Scotia. |
| mutata lex non perit | the law that does not evolve dies | Motto of Seneca the Younger |
| mutatis mutandis | after changing what needed to be changed | "with the appropriate changes" |
| mutato nomine de te fabula narratur | change but the name, and the story is told of yourself | Horace, Satires, I. 1. 69. Preceded by Quid rides? ("Why do you laugh?"; see Quid rides). |
N
| Latin | Translation | Notes |
|---|---|---|
| nanos gigantum humeris insidentes | Dwarfs standing on the shoulders of giants | First recorded by John of Salisbury in the twelfth century and attributed to Bernard of Chartres. Also commonly known by the letters of Isaac Newton: "If I have seen further it is by standing on the shoulders of giants". |
| nascentes morimur finisque ab origine pendet | When we are born we die, our end is but the pendant of our beginning | |
| nasciturus pro iam nato habetur, quotiens de commodis eius agitur | The unborn is deemed to have been born to the extent that his own inheritance is concerned | Refers to a situation where an unborn child is deemed to be entitled to certain inheritance rights. |
| natura abhorret a vacuo | nature abhors vacuum | Pseudo-explanation for why a liquid will climb up a tube to fill a vacuum, often given before the discovery of atmospheric pressure. |
| natura artis magistra | Nature is the teacher of art | The name of the zoo in the centre of Amsterdam; short: "Artis". |
| natura nihil frustra facit | nature does nothing in vain | Cf. Aristotle: "οὐθὲν γάρ, ὡς φαμέν, μάτην ἡ φύσις ποιεῖ" (Politics I 2, 1253a9) and Leucippus: "Everything that happens does so for a reason and of necessity." |
| natura non contristatur | nature is not saddened | That is, the natural world is not sentimental or compassionate. Derived by Arthur Schopenhauer from an earlier source. |
| natura non facit saltum ita nec lex | nature does not make a leap, thus neither does the law | Shortened form of "sicut natura nil facit per saltum ita nec lex" (just as nature does nothing by a leap, so neither does the law), referring to both nature and the legal system moving gradually. |
| natura non facit saltus | nature makes no leaps | A famous aphorism of Carl Linnaeus stating that all organisms bear relationships on all sides, their forms changing gradually from one species to the next. From Philosophia Botanica (1751). |
| natura valde simplex est et sibi consona | Nature is exceedingly simple and harmonious with itself | Sir Isaac Newton's famous quote, defining foundation of all modern sciences. Can be found in his Unpublished Scientific Papers of Isaac Newton: A selection from the Portsmouth Collection in the University Library, Cambridge, 1978 edition[88] |
| naturalia non sunt turpia | What is natural is not dirty | Based on Servius' commentary on Virgil's Georgics (3:96): "turpis non est quia per naturam venit." |
| naturam expellas furca, tamen usque recurret. | You may drive out Nature with a pitchfork, yet she still will hurry back | You must take the basic nature of something into account. – Horace, Epistles, Book I, epistle X, line 24. |
| navigare necesse est, vivere non est necesse | to sail is necessary; to live is not necessary | Attributed by Plutarch to Gnaeus Pompeius Magnus, who, during a severe storm, commanded sailors to bring food from Africa to Rome. Translated from Plutarch's Greek "πλεῖν ἀνάγκη, ζῆν οὐκ ἀνάγκη". |
| ne plus ultra | nothing more beyond | Also nec plus ultra or non plus ultra. A descriptive phrase meaning the best or most extreme example of something. The Pillars of Hercules, for example, were literally the nec plus ultra of the ancient Mediterranean world. Holy Roman Emperor Charles V's heraldic emblem reversed this idea, using a depiction of this phrase inscribed on the Pillars – as plus ultra, without the negation. The Boston Musical Instrument Company engraved ne plus ultra on its instruments from 1869 to 1928 to signify that none were better. Non plus ultra is the motto of the Spanish exclave Melilla. |
| ne puero gladium | do not give a sword to a boy | Never give dangerous tools to someone who is untrained to use them or too immature to understand the damage they can do. |
| ne supra crepidam sutor iudicaret | a shoemaker should not judge beyond the shoe | see Sutor, ne ultra crepidam |
| ne te quaesiveris extra | do not seek outside yourself | line from the Roman satirist Persius inscribed on the boulder to the right of Sir John Suckling in the painting of the aforementioned subject by Sir Anthony van Dyck (ca. 1638) and invoked by Ralph Waldo Emerson at the opening of his essay Self-Reliance (1841) |
| Nec aspera terrent | They are not terrified of the rough things | They are not afraid of difficulties. Less literally "Difficulties be damned." Motto for 27th Infantry Regiment (United States) and the Duke of Lancaster's Regiment. Nec = not; aspera = rough ones/things; terrent = they terrify / do terrify / are terrifying. |
| Nec deus intersit, nisi dignus vindice nodus (inciderit) | That a god not intervene, unless a knot show up that be worthy of such an untangler | "When the miraculous power of God is necessary, let it be resorted to: when it is not necessary, let the ordinary means be used." From Horace's Ars Poetica as a caution against deus ex machina. |
| nec dextrorsum, nec sinistrorsum | Neither to the right nor to the left | Do not get distracted. Motto for Bishop Cotton Boys' School and the Bishop Cotton Girls' School, both located in Bangalore, India. |
| nec spe, nec metu | without hope, without fear | |
| nec tamen consumebatur | and yet it was not consumed | Refers to the Burning Bush of Exodus 3:2. Motto of many Presbyterian churches throughout the world. |
| nec temere nec timide | neither reckless nor timid | Motto of the Dutch 11th Air Manoeuvre Brigade and the city of Gdańsk, Poland |
| nec vi, nec clam, nec precario | Without permission, without secrecy, without interruption | The law of adverse possession |
| neca eos omnes, Deus suos agnoscet | kill them all, God will know his own | alternate rendition of Caedite eos. Novit enim Dominus qui sunt eius. by Arnaud Amalric |
| necesse est aut imiteris aut oderis | you must either imitate or loathe the world | Seneca the Younger, Epistulae morales ad Lucilium, 7:7 |
| necessitas etiam timidos fortes facit | need makes even the timid brave | Sallust, The Conspiracy of Catiline, 58:19 |
| nemine contradicente (nem. con., N.C.D.) | with no one speaking against | Less literally, "without dissent". Used especially in committees, where a matter may be passed nem. con., or unanimously, or with unanimous consent. |
| nemo contra Deum nisi Deus ipse | No one against God except God himself | From Goethe's autobiography From my Life: Poetry and Truth, p. 598 |
| nemo dat quod non habet | no one gives what he does not have | Thus, "none can pass better title than they have" |
| nemo est supra legem | nobody is above the law; or nemo est supra leges, nobody is above the laws | |
| Nemo igitur vir magnus sine aliquo adflatu divino umquam fuit | No great man ever existed who did not enjoy some portion of divine inspiration | From Cicero's De Natura Deorum, Book 2, chapter LXVI, 167[89] |
| nemo iudex in causa sua | no man shall be a judge in his own cause | Legal principle that no individual can preside over a hearing in which he holds a specific interest or bias |
| nemo malus felix | peace visits not the guilty mind | Also translated to "no rest for the wicked." Refers to the inherent psychological issues that plague bad/guilty people. |
| nemo me impune lacessit | No one provokes me with impunity | Motto of the Order of the Thistle, and consequently of Scotland, found stamped on the milled edge of certain British pound sterling coins. It is the motto of the Montressors in the Edgar Allan Poe short story "The Cask of Amontillado". Motto of the San Beda College Beta Sigma Fraternity. |
| nemo mortalium omnibus horis sapit | No mortal is wise at all times | The wisest may make mistakes. |
| nemo nisi per amicitiam cognoscitur | No one learns except by friendship | Used to imply that one must like a subject in order to study it. |
| nemo propheta in patria (sua) | no man is a prophet in his own land | Concept present in all four Gospels (Matthew 13:57; Mark 6:4; Luke 4:24; John 4:44). |
| nemo saltat sobrius | Nobody dances sober | The short and more common form of Nemo enim fere saltat sobrius, nisi forte insanit, "Nobody dances sober, unless he happens to be insane," a quote from Cicero (from the speech Pro Murena). |
| nemo tenetur se ipsum accusare | no one is bound to accuse himself (the right to silence) | A maxim banning mandatory self-incrimination. Near-synonymous with accusare nemo se debet nisi coram Deo. Similar phrases include: nemo tenetur armare adversarium contra se (no one is bound to arm an opponent against himself), meaning that a defendant is not obligated to in any way assist the prosecutor to his own detriment; nemo tenetur edere instrumenta contra se (no one is bound to produce documents against himself, meaning that a defendant is not obligated to provide materials to be used against himself (this is true in Roman law and has survived in modern criminal law, but no longer applies in modern civil law); and nemo tenere prodere se ipsum (no one is bound to betray himself), meaning that a defendant is not obligated to testify against himself. |
| neque semper arcum tendit Apollo | nor does Apollo always keep his bow drawn | Horace, Carmina 2/10:19-20. The same image appears in a fable of Phaedrus. |
| Ne quid nimis | Nothing in excess | |
| nervos belli, pecuniam infinitam | Endless money forms the sinews of war | In war, it is essential to be able to purchase supplies and to pay troops (as Napoleon put it, "An army marches on its stomach"). |
| nihil ad rem | nothing to do with the point | That is, in law, irrelevant and/or inconsequential. |
| nihil boni sine labore | nothing achieved without hard work | Motto of Palmerston North Boys' High School |
| nihil dicit | he says nothing | In law, a declination by a defendant to answer charges or put in a plea. |
| nihil enim lacrima citius arescit | nothing dries sooner than a tear | Pseudo-Cicero, Ad Herrenium, 2/31:50 |
| nihil humanum mihi alienum | nothing human is alien to me | Adapted from Terence's Heauton Timorumenos (The Self-Tormentor), homo sum humani a me nihil alienum puto ("I am a human being; nothing human is strange to me"). Sometimes ending in est. |
| nihil in intellectu nisi prius in sensu | nothing in the intellect unless first in sense | The guiding principle of empiricism, and accepted in some form by Aristotle, Aquinas, Locke, Berkeley, and Hume. Leibniz, however, added nisi intellectus ipse (except the intellect itself). |
| nihil nimis | nothing too | Or nothing to excess. Latin translation of the inscription of the Temple of Apollo at Delphi. |
| nihil novi | nothing of the new | Or just "nothing new". The phrase exists in two versions: as nihil novi sub sole (nothing new under the sun), from the Vulgate, and as nihil novi nisi commune consensu (nothing new unless by the common consensus), a 1505 law of the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth and one of the cornerstones of its Golden Liberty. |
| nihil obstat | nothing prevents | A notation, usually on a title page, indicating that a Roman Catholic censor has reviewed the book and found nothing objectionable to faith or morals in its content. See also imprimatur. |
| nihil sine Deo | nothing without God | Motto of the Kingdom of Romania, while ruled by the Hohenzollern-Sigmaringen dynasty (1878–1947). |
| nihil ultra | nothing beyond | Motto of St. Xavier's College, Calcutta |
| nil admirari | be surprised at nothing | Or "nihil admirari". Cicero, Tusculanae Disputationes (3,30), Horace, Epistulae (1,6,1), and Seneca, Epistulae morales ad Lucilium, (8,5). Motto of the Fitzgibbon family. See John FitzGibbon, 1st Earl of Clare |
| nil desperandum | nothing must be despaired at | That is, "never despair". |
| nil igitur fieri de nilo posse fatendumst | nothing, therefore, we must confess, can be made from nothing | From Lucretius' De rerum natura (On the Nature of Things), I.205 |
| Nil igitur mors est ad nos | Death, therefore, is nothing to us | From Lucretius' De rerum natura (On the Nature of Things), III.831 |
| nil mortalibus ardui est | nothing is impossible for humankind | From Horace's Odes. Motto of Rathkeale College, New Zealand and Brunts School, England. |
| nil nisi bonum | (about the dead say) nothing unless (it is) good | Short for nil nisi bonum de mortuis dicere. That is, "Don't speak ill of anyone who has died". Also "Nil magnum nisi bonum" (nothing is great unless good), motto of St Catherine's School, Toorak, Pennant Hills High School and Petit Seminaire Higher Secondary School. |
| nil nisi malis terrori | no terror, except to the bad | Motto of The King's School, Macclesfield |
| nil per os, rarely non per os (n.p.o.) | nothing through the mouth | Medical shorthand indicating that oral foods and fluids should be withheld from the patient. |
| nil satis nisi optimum | nothing [is] enough unless [it is] the best | Motto of Everton F.C., residents of Goodison Park, Liverpool. |
| nil sine labore | nothing without labour | Motto of many schools |
| nil sine numine | nothing without the divine will | Or "nothing without providence". State motto of Colorado, adopted in 1861. Probably derived from Virgil's Aeneid Book II, line 777, "non haec sine numine divum eveniunt" (these things do not come to pass without the will of Heaven). See also numen. |
| nil volentibus arduum | Nothing [is] arduous for the willing | Nothing is impossible for the willing |
| nisi Dominus frustra | if not the Lord, [it is] in vain | That is, "everything is in vain without God". Summarized from Psalm 127 (126 Vulgate), nisi Dominus aedificaverit domum in vanum laboraverunt qui aedificant eam nisi Dominus custodierit civitatem frustra vigilavit qui custodit (unless the Lord builds the house, they work on a useless thing who build it; unless the Lord guards the community, he keeps watch in vain who guards it); widely used motto. |
| nisi paria non pugnant | it takes two to make a fight | Irascetur aliquis: tu contra beneficiis prouoca; cadit statim simultas ab altera parte deserta; nisi paria non pugnant. (If any one is angry with you, meet his anger by returning benefits for it: a quarrel which is only taken up on one side falls to the ground: it takes two men to fight.) Seneca the Younger, De Ira (On Anger): Book 2, cap. 34, line 5. |
| nisi prius | unless previously | In England, a direction that a case be brought up to Westminster for trial before a single judge and jury. In the United States, a court where civil actions are tried by a single judge sitting with a jury, as distinguished from an appellate court. |
| nitimur in vetitum | We strive for the forbidden | From Ovid's Amores, III.4:17. It means that when we are denied of something, we will eagerly pursue the denied thing. Used by Friedrich Nietzsche in his Ecce Homo to indicate that his philosophy pursues what is forbidden to other philosophers. |
| nobis bene, nemini male | Good for us, Bad for no one | Inscription on the old Nobistor gatepost that divided Altona and St. Pauli |
| nolens volens | unwilling, willing | That is, "whether unwillingly or willingly". Sometimes rendered volens nolens, aut nolens aut volens or nolentis volentis. Similar to willy-nilly, though that word is derived from Old English will-he nil-he ([whether] he will or [whether] he will not). |
| noli me tangere | do not touch me | Commonly translated "touch me not". According to the Gospel of John, this was said by Jesus to Mary Magdalene after his resurrection. |
| noli turbare circulos meos | Do not disturb my circles! | That is, "Don't upset my calculations!" Said by Archimedes to a Roman soldier who, despite having been given orders not to, killed Archimedes at the conquest of Syracuse, Sicily. |
| nolle prosequi | to be unwilling to prosecute | A legal motion by a prosecutor or other plaintiff to drop legal charges, usually in exchange for a diversion program or out-of-court settlement. |
| nolo contendere | I do not wish to contend | That is, "no contest". A plea that can be entered on behalf of a defendant in a court that states that the accused doesn't admit guilt, but will accept punishment for a crime. Nolo contendere pleas cannot be used as evidence in another trial. |
| nomen amicitiae sic, quatenus expedit, haeret | the name of friendship lasts just so long as it is profitable | Petronius, Satyricon, 80. |
| nomen dubium | doubtful name | A scientific name of unknown or doubtful application. |
| nomen est omen | the name is a sign | Thus, "true to its name". |
| nomen nescio (N.N.) | I do not know the name | Thus, the name or person in question is unknown. |
| nomen nudum | naked name | A purported scientific name that does not fulfill the proper formal criteria and therefore cannot be used unless it is subsequently proposed correctly. |
| non auro, sed ferro, recuperanda est patria | Not gold, but iron redeems the native land | According to some Roman this sentence was said by Marcus Furius Camillus to Brennus, the chief of the Gauls, after he demanded more gold from the citizens of the recently sacked Rome in 390 BC. |
| non bene pro toto libertas venditur auro | liberty is not well sold for all the gold | Motto of Republic of Ragusa, inscribed over the gates of St. Lawrence Fortress. From Gualterus Anglicus's version of Aesop's fable "The Dog and the Wolf". |
| non bis in idem | not twice in the same thing | A legal principle forbidding double jeopardy. |
| non canimus surdis, respondent omnia silvae | we sing not to the deaf; the trees echo every word | Virgil, Eclogues 10:8 |
| non causa pro causa | not the cause for the cause | Also known as the "questionable cause" or "false cause". Refers to any logical fallacy where a cause is incorrectly identified. |
| non compos mentis | not in control of the mind | See compos mentis. Also rendered non compos sui (not in control of himself). Samuel Johnson, author of the first English dictionary, theorized that the word nincompoop may derive from this phrase. |
| non constat | it is not certain | Used to explain scientific phenomena and religious advocations, for example in medieval history, for rulers to issue a 'Non Constat' decree, banning the worship of a holy figure. In legal context, occasionally a backing for nulling information that was presented by an attorney. Without any tangible proof, Non constat information is difficult to argue for. |
| non ducor, duco | I am not led; I lead | Motto of São Paulo city, Brazil. See also pro Brasilia fiant eximia. |
| non est factum | it is not [my] deed | a doctrine in contract law that allows a signing party to escape performance of the agreement. A claim of "non est factum" means that the signature on the contract was signed by mistake, without knowledge of its meaning, but was not done so negligently. A successful plea would make the contract void ab initio. |
| non est princeps super leges, sed leges supra principem | the prince is not above the laws, but the law is above the prince. | Pliny the Younger, Panegyricus 65:1. |
| non extinguetur | shall not be extinguished | Motto of the Society of Antiquaries of London accompanying their Lamp of knowledge emblem |
| non facias malum ut inde fiat bonum | you should not make evil in order that good may be made from it | More simply, "don't do wrong to do right". The direct opposite of the phrase "the ends justify the means". |
| non hos quaesitum munus in usus | A gift sought for no such purpose | Virgil, Aeneid, 4:647, of the sword with which Dido will commit suicide. "Not for so dire an enterprise design’d." (Dryden trans.; 1697)[90] "A gift asked for no use like this." (Mackail trans.; 1885).[91] "Ne'er given for an end so dire." (Taylor trans.; 1907)[92] "A gift not asked for use like this!" (Williams trans.; 1910).[93] Quoted by Francis Bacon of the civil law, "not made for the countries it governeth". |
| non impediti ratione cogitationis | unencumbered by the thought process | motto of radio show Car Talk |
| non in legendo sed in intelligendo leges consistunt | the laws depend not on being read, but on being understood | |
| non liquet | it is not proven | Also "it is not clear" or "it is not evident". A sometimes controversial decision handed down by a judge when they feel that the law is not complete. |
| non loqui sed facere | not talk but action | Motto of the University of Western Australia's Engineering faculty student society. |
| non mihi solum | not for myself alone | Motto of Anderson Junior College, Singapore. |
| non ministrari sed ministrare | not to be served, but to serve | Motto of Wellesley College and Shimer College (from Matthew 20:28 in the Vulgate). |
| non multa sed multum | not quantity but quality | Motto of the Daniel Pearl Magnet High School. |
| Non nobis Domine | Not to us (oh) Lord | Christian hymn based on Psalm 115. |
| non nobis nati | 'Born not for ourselves' | Motto of St Albans School (Hertfordshire) |
| non nobis solum | not for ourselves alone | Appears in Cicero's De Officiis Book 1:22 in the form non nobis solum nati sumus (we are not born for ourselves alone). Motto of Lower Canada College, Montreal and University College, Durham University, and Willamette University. |
| non numerantur, sed ponderantur | they are not counted, but weighed | Old saying. Paul Erdős (1913–1996), in The Man Who Loved Only Numbers by Paul Hoffman[94] |
| non obstante veredicto | not standing in the way of a verdict | A judgment notwithstanding verdict, a legal motion asking the court to reverse the jury's verdict on the grounds that the jury could not have reached such a verdict reasonably. |
| non olet | it doesn't smell | See pecunia non olet. |
| non omnia possumus omnest | not everyone can do everything | Virgil, Eclogues 8:63 (and others). |
| non omnis moriar | I shall not all die | Horace, Carmina 3/30:6. "Not all of me will die", a phrase expressing the belief that a part of the speaker will survive beyond death. |
| non plus ultra | nothing further beyond | the ultimate. See also 'ne plus ultra' |
| non possumus | not possible | |
| non possunt primi esse omnes omni in tempore | not everyone can occupy the first rank forever | (It is impossible always to excel) Decimus Laberius. |
| non progredi est regredi | to not go forward is to go backward | |
| non prosequitur | he does not proceed | A judgment in favor of a defendant when the plaintiff failed to take the necessary steps in an action within the time allowed. |
| non scholae sed vitae | [We learn] not for school but for life | An inversion of non vitae sed scholae now used as a school motto |
| non qui parum habet, set qui plus cupit, pauper est | It is not he who has little, but he who wants more, who is the pauper. | Seneca the Younger, Epistulae morales ad Lucilium, 2:6. |
| non quis sed quid | not who but what | Used in the sense "what matters is not who says it but what he says" – a warning against ad hominem arguments; frequently used as motto, including that of Southwestern University. |
| non sequitur | it does not follow | In general, a comment which is absurd due to not making sense in its context (rather than due to being inherently nonsensical or internally inconsistent), often used in humor. As a logical fallacy, a conclusion that does not follow from a premise. |
| non serviam | I will not serve | Possibly derived from a Vulgate mistranslation of the Book of Jeremiah. Commonly used in literature as Satan's statement of disobedience to God, though in the original context the quote is attributed to Israel, not Satan. |
| non sibi | Not for self | A slogan used by many schools and universities. |
| non sibi, sed patriae | Not for self, but for country | Engraved on the doors of the United States Naval Academy chapel; motto of the USS Halyburton (FFG-40). |
| non sibi, sed suis | Not for one's self but for one's own | A slogan used by many schools and universities. |
| non sibi, sed omnibus | Not for one's self but for all | A slogan used by many schools and universities. |
| non sic dormit, sed vigilat | Sleeps not but is awake | Martin Luther on mortality of the soul. |
| non silba, sed anthar; Deo vindice | Not for self, but for others; God will vindicate | A slogan used by the Ku Klux Klan |
| non sum qualis eram | I am not such as I was | Or "I am not the kind of person I once was". Expresses a change in the speaker. Horace, Odes 4/1:3. |
| non teneas aurum totum quod splendet ut aurum | Do not hold as gold all that shines as gold | Also, "All that glitters is not gold." Shakespeare in The Merchant of Venice. |
| non timebo mala | I will fear no evil | It is possibly a reference to Psalm 23. Printed on the Colt in Supernatural. |
| non vestra sed vos | Not yours but you | Motto of St Chad's College, Durham. |
| non vitae sed scholae | [We learn] not for life but for schooltime | From a passage of occupatio in Seneca the Younger's moral letters to Lucilius,[95] wherein Lucilius is given the argument that too much literature fails to prepare students for life |
| non vi, sed verbo | Not by force, but by the word [of God] | From Martin Luther's "Invocavit Sermons" preached in March, 1522, against the Zwickau prophets unrest in Wittenberg;[96] later echoed in the Augsburg Confession as ...sine vi humana, sed Verbo: bishops should act "without human force, but through the Word".[97] |
| nosce te ipsum | know thyself | From Cicero, based on the Greek γνῶθι σεαυτόν (gnothi seauton), inscribed on the pronaos of the Temple of Apollo at Delphi, according to the Greek periegetic writer Pausanias (10.24.1). A non-traditional Latin rendering, temet nosce (thine own self know), is translated in The Matrix as "know thyself". |
| noscitur a sociis | a word is known by the company it keeps | In statutory interpretation, when a word is ambiguous, its meaning may be determined by reference to the rest of the statute. |
| noster nostri | Literally "Our ours" | Approximately "Our hearts beat as one." |
| nota bene | mark well | That is, "please note" or "note it well". |
| novus ordo seclorum | new order of the ages | From Virgil. Motto on the Great Seal of the United States. Similar to Novus Ordo Mundi (New World Order). |
| nulla dies sine linea | Not a day without a line drawn | Pliny the Elder attributes this maxim to Apelles, an ancient Greek artist. |
| nulla dies umquam memori vos eximet aevo | No day shall erase you from the memory of time | From Virgil's Aeneid, Book IX, line 447, on the episode of Nisus and Euryalus. |
| nulla poena sine lege | no penalty without a law | Refers to the legal principle that one cannot be punished for doing something that is not prohibited by law, and is related to Nullum crimen, nulla poena sine praevia lege poenali. |
| nulla quaestio | there is no question, there is no issue | |
| nulla tenaci invia est via | For the tenacious, no road is impassable | Motto of the Dutch car builder Spyker. |
| nullam rem natam | no thing born | That is, "nothing". It has been theorized that this expression is the origin of Italian nulla, French rien, and Spanish and Portuguese nada, all with the same meaning. |
| nulli secundus | second to none | Motto of the Coldstream Guards and Nine Squadron Royal Australian Corps of Transport and the Pretoria Armour Regiment. |
| nullius in verba | On the word of no man | Motto of the Royal Society. |
| nullum crimen, nulla poena sine praevia lege poenali | no crime, no punishment without a previous penal law | Legal principle meaning that one cannot be penalised for doing something that is not prohibited by law; penal law cannot be enacted retroactively. |
| nullum magnum ingenium sine mixtura dementiae fuit | There has been no great wisdom without an element of madness | |
| numen lumen | God our light | The motto of the University of Wisconsin-Madison. The motto of Elon University. |
| numerus clausus | closed number | A method to limit the number of students who may study at a university. |
| nunc aut nunquam | now or never | Motto of the Korps Commandotroepen, Dutch elite special forces. |
| nunc dimittis | now you send | beginning of the Song of Simeon, from the Gospel of Luke. |
| nunc est bibendum | now is the time to drink | Carpe-Diem-type phrase from the Odes of Horace, Nunc est bibendum, nunc pede libero pulsanda tellus (Now is the time to drink, now the time to dance footloose upon the earth). Used as a slogan by Michelin and the origin of the Michelin Man's name Bibendum. |
| nunc pro tunc | now for then | Something that has retroactive effect, is effective from an earlier date. |
| nunc scio quid sit amor | now I know what love is | From Virgil, Eclogues VIII. |
| nunquam minus solus quam cum solus | never less alone than when alone | |
| nunquam non paratus | never unprepared, ever ready, always ready | frequently used as motto |
| nunquam obliviscar | never forget |
O
| Latin | Translation | Notes |
|---|---|---|
| O Deus ego amo te | O God I Love You | attributed to Saint Francis Xavier |
| O fortunatos nimium sua si bona norint, agricolas | The farmers would count themselves lucky, if only they knew how good they had it | from Virgil in Georgics, 458 |
| o homines ad servitutem paratos | Men ready to be slaves! | attributed (in Tacitus, Annales, III, 65) to the Roman Emperor Tiberius, in disgust at the servile attitude of Roman senators; said of those who should be leaders but instead slavishly follow the lead of others |
| O tempora, o mores! | Oh, the times! Oh, the morals! | also translated "What times! What customs!"; from Cicero, Catilina I, 2 |
| O Tite tute Tati tibi tanta tyranne tulisti | O tyrant Titus Tatius, what terrible calamities you brought onto yourself! | from Quintus Ennius, Annales (104), considered an example of a Latin tongue-twister |
| Obedientia civium urbis felicitas | The obedience of the citizens makes us a happy city | Motto of Dublin |
| obiit (ob.) | one died | "He/she died", inscription on gravestones; ob. also sometimes stands for obiter (in passing or incidentally) |
| obit anis, abit onus | The old woman dies, the burden is lifted | Arthur Schopenhauer |
| obiter dictum | a thing said in passing | in law, an observation by a judge on some point of law not directly relevant to the case before him, and thus neither requiring his decision nor serving as a precedent, but nevertheless of persuasive authority. In general, any comment, remark or observation made in passing |
| obliti privatorum, publica curate | Forget private affairs, take care of public ones | Roman political saying which reminds that common good should be given priority over private matters for any person having a responsibility in the State |
| obscuris vera involvens | the truth being enveloped by obscure things | from Virgil |
| obscurum per obscurius | the obscure by means of the more obscure | An explanation that is less clear than what it tries to explain; synonymous with ignotum per ignotius |
| obtineo et teneo | to obtain and to keep | motto |
| obtorto collo | with a twisted neck | unwillingly |
| oculus dexter (O.D.) | right eye | Ophthalmologist shorthand |
| oculus sinister (O.S.) | left eye | |
| oderint dum metuant | let them hate, so long as they fear | favorite saying of Caligula, attributed originally to Lucius Accius, Roman tragic poet (170 BC) |
| odi et amo | I hate and I love | opening of Catullus 85; the entire poem reads, "odi et amo quare id faciam fortasse requiris / nescio sed fieri sentio et excrucior" (I hate and I love. Why do I do this, you perhaps ask. / I do not know, but I feel it happening to me and I am burning up.) |
| odi profanum vulgus et arceo | I hate the unholy rabble and keep them away | Horace, Carmina III, 1 |
| odium theologicum | theological hatred | name for the special hatred generated in theological disputes |
| oleum camino | (pour) oil on the fire | from Erasmus' (1466–1536) collection of annotated Adagia |
| omne ignotum pro magnifico | every unknown thing [is taken] for great | or "everything unknown appears magnificent" The source is Tacitus: Agricola, Book 1, 30 where the sentence ends with 'est'. The quotation is found in Arthur Conan Doyle's Sherlock Holmes short story "The Red-Headed League" (1891) where the 'est' is missing. |
| omne initium difficile est | every beginning is difficult | |
| omne vivum ex ovo | every living thing is from an egg | foundational concept of modern biology, opposing the theory of spontaneous generation |
| Omnes homines sunt asini vel homines et asini sunt asini | All men are donkeys or men and donkeys are donkeys | a sophisma proposed and solved by Albert of Saxony (philosopher) |
| omnes vulnerant, postuma necat, or, omnes feriunt, ultima necat | all [the hours] wound, last one kills | usual in clocks, reminding the reader of death |
| omnia cum deo | all with God | motto for Mount Lilydale Mercy College, Lilydale, Victoria, Australia |
| omnia dicta fortiora si dicta Latina | everything said [is] stronger if said in Latin | or "everything sounds more impressive when said in Latin"; a more common phrase with the same meaning is quidquid Latine dictum sit altum videtur (whatever said in Latin, seems profound) |
| omnia in mensura et numero et pondere disposuisti | Thou hast ordered all things in measure, and number, and weight. | Book of Wisdom, 11:21 |
| Omnia mea mecum porto | All that is mine I carry with me | is a quote that Cicero ascribes to Bias of Priene |
| omnia mutantur, nihil interit | everything changes, nothing perishes | Ovid (43 BC – 17 AD), Metamorphoses, book XV, line 165 |
| omnia omnibus | all things to all men | 1 Corinthians 9:22 |
| si omnia ficta | if all (the words of poets) is fiction | Ovid, Metamorphoses, book XIII, lines 733–4: "si non omnia vates ficta" |
| omnia vincit amor | love conquers all | Virgil (70 BC – 19 BC), Eclogue X, line 69 |
| omnia munda mundis | everything [is] pure to the pure [men] | from The New Testament |
| omnia praesumuntur legitime facta donec probetur in contrarium | all things are presumed to be lawfully done, until it is shown [to be] in the reverse | in other words, "innocent until proven guilty" |
| omnia sponte fluant absit violentia rebus | everything should flow by itself, force should be absent | "let it go" |
| omnis vir enim sui | Every man for himself! | |
| omnibus idem | the same to all | motto of Pieter Corneliszoon Hooft, usually accompanied by a sun, which shines for (almost) everyone |
| omnibus locis fit caedes | There is slaughter everywhere (in every place) | Julius Caesar's The Gallic War, 7.67 |
| omnis traductor traditor | every translator is a traitor | every translation is a corruption of the original; the reader should take heed of unavoidable imperfections |
| omnis vir tigris | everyone a tiger | motto of the 102nd Intelligence Wing |
| omnium gatherum | gathering of all | miscellaneous collection or assortment; "gatherum" is English, and the term is used often used facetiously |
| onus probandi | burden of proof | |
| onus procedendi | burden of procedure | burden of a party to adduce evidence that a case is an exception to the rule |
| opera omnia | all works | collected works of an author |
| opera posthuma | posthumous works | works published after the author's death |
| operari sequitur esse | act of doing something follows the act of being | scholastic phrase, used to explain that there is no possible act if there is not being: being is absolutely necessary for any other act |
| opere citato (op. cit.) | in the work that was cited | used in academic works when referring again to the last source mentioned or used |
| opere et veritate | in action and truth | doing what you believe is morally right through everyday actions |
| opere laudato (op. laud.) | See opere citato | |
| operibus anteire | leading the way with deeds | to speak with actions instead of words |
| ophidia in herba | a snake in the grass | any hidden danger or unknown risk |
| opinio juris sive necessitatis | an opinion of law or necessity | a belief that an action was undertaken because it was a legal necessity; source of customary law |
| opus anglicanum | English work | fine embroidery, especially used to describe church vestments |
| Opus Dei | The Work of God | Catholic organisation |
| ora et labora | pray and work | This principle of the Benedictine monasteries reads in full: "Ora et labora (et lege), Deus adest sine mora." "Pray and work (and read), God is there without delay" (or to keep the rhyme: "Work and pray, and God is there without delay") |
| ora pro nobis | pray for us | "Sancta Maria, mater Dei, ora pro nobis pecatoribus"; Brazilian name for Pereskia aculeata |
| orando laborando | by praying, by working | motto of Rugby School |
| oratio recta | direct speech | expressions from Latin grammar |
| oratio obliqua | indirect speech | |
| orbis non sufficit | the world does not suffice or the world is not enough | from Satires of Juvenal (Book IV/10), referring to Alexander the Great; James Bond's adopted family motto in the novel On Her Majesty's Secret Service; it made a brief appearance in the film adaptation of the same name and was later used as the title of the nineteenth James Bond film, The World Is Not Enough. |
| orbis unum | one world | seen in The Legend of Zorro |
| ordo ab chao | out of chaos, comes order | one of the oldest mottos of Craft Freemasonry.[98] |
| (oremus) pro invicem | (Let us pray), one for the other; let us pray for each other | Popular salutation for Roman Catholic clergy at the beginning or ending of a letter or note. Usually abbreviated OPI. ("Oremus" used alone is just "let us pray"). |
| orta recens quam pura nites | newly risen, how brightly you shine | Motto of New South Wales |
P
| Latin | Translation | Notes | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| pace | Ablative form of peace | "With all due respect to", "with due deference to", "by leave of", "no offence to", or "despite (with respect)". Used to politely acknowledge someone with whom the speaker or writer disagrees or finds irrelevant to the main argument. | ||
| pace tua | with your peace | Thus, "with your permission". | ||
| Pacem in terris | Peace on Earth | |||
| pacta sunt servanda | agreements must be kept | Also "contracts must be honoured". Indicates the binding power of treaties. One of the fundamental rules of international law. | ||
| palma non sine pulvere | no reward without effort | Also "dare to try"; motto of numerous schools. | ||
| palmam qui meruit ferat | He who has earned the palm, let him bear it. | Loosely, "achievement should be rewarded" (or, "let the symbol of victory go to him who has deserved it"); frequently used motto | ||
| panem et circenses | bread and circuses | From Juvenal, Satire X, line 81. Originally described all that was needed for emperors to placate the Roman mob. Today used to describe any entertainment used to distract public attention from more important matters. | ||
| par sit fortuna labori | Let the success be equal to the labor. | This motto is of the families Buchanan, Lowman, and Palmer, according to Burke's Peerage & Baronetage. | ||
| parvus pendetur fur, magnus abire videtur | The petty thief is hanged, the big thief gets away. | |||
| para bellum | prepare for war | From "Si vis pacem para bellum": if you want peace, prepare for war—if a country is ready for war, its enemies are less likely to attack. Usually used to support a policy of peace through strength (deterrence). In antiquity, however, the Romans viewed peace as the aftermath of successful conquest through war, so in this sense the proverb identifies war as the means through which peace will be achieved. | ||
| parare Domino plebem perfectam | to prepare for God a perfect people | motto of the St. Jean Baptiste High School | ||
| parce sepulto | forgive the interred | it is ungenerous to hold resentment toward the dead. Quote from the Aeneid, III 13-68. | ||
| parens patriae | parent of the nation | A public policy requiring courts to protect the best interests of any child involved in a lawsuit. See also Pater Patriae. | ||
| pari passu | with equal step | Thus, "moving together", "simultaneously", etc. Also used to abbreviate the principle that in bankruptcy creditors must all get the same proportion of their debt. | ||
| parturiunt montes, nascetur ridiculus mus | The mountains are in labour, a ridiculous mouse will be born. | said of works that promise much at the outset but yield little in the end (Horace, Ars poetica 137) – see also The Mountain in Labour | ||
| parum luceat | It does not shine [being darkened by shade]. | Quintilian, Institutio Oratoria, 1/6:34 – see also lucus a nonlucendo | ||
| parva sub ingenti | the small under the huge | Implies that the weak are under the protection of the strong, rather than that they are inferior. Motto of Prince Edward Island. | ||
| parvis imbutus tentabis grandia tutus | When you are steeped in little things, you shall safely attempt great things. | Motto of Barnard Castle School, sometimes translated as "Once you have accomplished small things, you may attempt great ones safely". | ||
| passim | here and there, everywhere | Less literally, "throughout" or "frequently". Said of a word, fact or notion that occurs several times in a cited text. Also used in proofreading, where it refers to a change that is to be repeated everywhere needed. | ||
| pater familias | father of the family | Or "master of the house". The eldest male in a family, who held patria potestas ("paternal power"). In Roman law, a father had enormous power over his children, wife, and slaves, though these rights dwindled over time. Derived from the phrase pater familias, an Old Latin expression preserving the archaic -as ending for the genitive case. | ||
| Pater Omnipotens | Father Almighty | A more direct translation would be "omnipotent father". | ||
| Pater Patriae | father of the nation | A Latin honorific meaning "Father of the Country", or more literally, "Father of the Fatherland". | ||
| pater peccavi | Father, I have sinned | The traditional beginning of a Roman Catholic confession. | ||
| pauca sed bona | few, but good | Similar to "quality over quantity"; though there may be few of something, at least they are of good quality. | ||
| pauca sed matura | few, but ripe | Said to be one of Carl Gauss's favorite quotations. Used in The King and I by Rodgers and Hammerstein. | ||
| paulatim ergo certe | slowly therefore surely | Former motto of Latymer Upper School in London (the text latim er is concealed in the words) | ||
| paulatim sed firmiter | slowly but surely | Motto of University College School in London | ||
| pax aeterna | eternal peace | A common epitaph | ||
| Pax Americana | American Peace | A euphemism for the United States of America and its sphere of influence. Adapted from Pax Romana. | ||
| Pax Britannica | British Peace | A euphemism for the British Empire. Adapted from Pax Romana | ||
| Pax Christi | Peace of Christ | Used as a wish before the Holy Communion in the Catholic Mass, also the name of the peace movement Pax Christi | ||
| pax Dei | peace of God | Used in the Peace and Truce of God movement in 10th-century France | ||
| Pax Deorum | Peace of the gods | Like the vast majority of inhabitants of the ancient world, the Romans practiced pagan rituals, believing it important to achieve a state of Pax Deorum (The Peace of the gods) instead of Ira Deorum (The Wrath of the gods). | ||
| Pax, Domine | peace, lord | lord or master; used as a form of address when speaking to clergy or educated professionals | ||
| pax et bonum | peace and the good | Motto of St. Francis of Assisi and, consequently, of his monastery in Assisi; understood by Catholics to mean 'Peace and Goodness be with you,' as is similar in the Mass; translated in Italian as pace e bene. | ||
| pax et justitia | peace and justice | Motto of Saint Vincent and the Grenadines | ||
| pax et lux | peace and light | Motto of Tufts University and various schools | ||
| Pax Europaea | European Peace | euphemism for Europe after World War II | ||
| Pax Hispanica | Spanish Peace | Euphemism for the Spanish Empire; specifically can mean the twenty-three years of supreme Spanish dominance in Europe (approximately 1598–1621). Adapted from Pax Romana. | ||
| pax in terra | peace on earth | Used to exemplify the desired state of peace on earth | ||
| Pax intrantibus, salus exeuntibus | Peace to those who enter, health to those who depart. | Used as an inscription over the entrance of buildings (especially homes, monasteries, inns). Often benedicto habitantibus (Blessings on those who abide here) is added. | ||
| pax matrum, ergo pax familiarum | peace of mothers, therefore peace of families | If the mother is peaceful, then the family is peaceful. The inverse of the Southern United States saying, "If mama ain't happy, ain't nobody happy." | ||
| Pax Mongolica | Mongolian Peace | period of peace and prosperity in Asia during the Mongol Empire | ||
| pax optima rerum | peace is the greatest good | Silius Italicus, Punica (11,595); motto of the university of Kiel | ||
| Pax Romana | Roman Peace | period of relative prosperity and lack of conflict in the early Roman Empire | ||
| Pax Sinica | Chinese Peace | period of peace in East Asia during times of strong Chinese hegemony | ||
| pax tecum | peace be with you (singular) | |||
| Pax tibi, Marce, Evangelista meus. Hic requiescet corpus tuum. | Peace to you, Mark, my Evangelist. Here will rest your body. |
| ||
| pax vobiscum | peace [be] with you | A common farewell. The "you" is plural ("you all"), so the phrase must be used when speaking to more than one person; pax tecum is the form used when speaking to only one person. | ||
| peccavi | I have sinned | Telegraph message and pun from Charles Napier, British general, upon completely subjugating the Indian province of Sindh in 1842 ('I have Sindh'). This is, arguably, the most terse military despatch ever sent. The story is apocryphal. | ||
| pecunia non olet | money doesn't smell | According to Suetonius' De vita Caesarum, when Emperor Vespasian was challenged by his son Titus for taxing the public lavatories, the emperor held up a coin before his son and asked whether it smelled or simply said non olet ("it doesn't smell"). From this, the phrase was expanded to pecunia non olet, or rarely aes non olet ("copper doesn't smell"). | ||
| pecunia, si uti scis, ancilla est; si nescis, domina | if you know how to use money, money is your slave; if you don't, money is your master | Written on an old Latin tablet in downtown Verona (Italy). | ||
| pede poena claudo | punishment comes limping | That is, retribution comes slowly but surely. From Horace, Odes, 3, 2, 32. | ||
| pendent opera interrupta | the works hang interrupted | From the Aeneid of Virgil, Book IV | ||
| per | By, through, by means of | See specific phrases below | ||
| per angusta ad augusta | through difficulties to greatness | Joining sentence of the conspirators in the drama Hernani by Victor Hugo (1830). The motto of numerous educational establishments. | ||
| per annum (pa.) | each year | Thus, "yearly"—occurring every year | ||
| per ardua | through adversity | Motto of the British RAF Regiment | ||
| per ardua ad alta | through difficulty to heights | Through hardship, great heights are reached; frequently used motto | ||
| per ardua ad astra | through adversity to the stars | Motto of the Royal, Royal Australian and Royal New Zealand Air Forces, the U. S. State of Kansas and of several schools. The phrase is used by Latin Poet Virgil in the Aeneid; also used in H. Rider Haggard's novel The People of the Mist. | ||
| per aspera ad astra | through hardships to the stars | From Seneca the Younger; frequently used motto, sometimes as ad astra per aspera ("to the stars through hardships") | ||
| per capita | by heads | "Per head", i.e., "per person", a ratio by the number of persons. The singular is per caput. | ||
| per capsulam | through the small box | That is, "by letter" | ||
| per contra | through the contrary | Or "on the contrary" (cf. a contrario) | ||
| per crucem vincemus | through the cross we shall conquer | Motto of St John Fisher Catholic High School, Dewsbury | ||
| Per Crucem Crescens | through the cross, growth | Motto of Lambda Chi Alpha | ||
| per curiam | through the senate | Legal term meaning "by the court", as in a per curiam decision | ||
| per definitionem | through the definition | Thus, "by definition" | ||
| per diem (pd.) | by day | Thus, "per day". A specific amount of money an organization allows an individual to spend per day, typically for travel expenses. | ||
| per fas et nefas | through right or wrong | By fair means or foul | ||
| per fidem intrepidus | fearless through faith | |||
| per literas regias per lit. reg. per regias literas per reg. lit. etc. | by royal letters | by letters patent; of academic degrees: awarded by letters patent from the King/Queen, rather than by a University[101][102] | ||
| per mare per terram | by sea and by land | Motto of the Royal Marines and (with small difference) of Clan Donald and the Compagnies Franches de la Marine | ||
| per mensem (pm.) | by month | Thus, "per month", or "monthly" | ||
| per multum cras, cras, crebro dilabitur aetas | what can be done today should not be delayed | |||
| per os (p.o.) | through the mouth | Medical shorthand for "by mouth" | ||
| per pedes | by feet | Used of a certain place that can be traversed or reached by foot, or to indicate that one is travelling by foot as opposed to by a vehicle | ||
| per procura (p.p. or per pro) | through the agency | Also rendered per procurationem. Used to indicate that a person is signing a document on behalf of another person. Correctly placed before the name of the person signing, but often placed before the name of the person on whose behalf the document is signed, sometimes through incorrect translation of the alternative abbreviation per pro. as "for and on behalf of". | ||
| per quod | by reason of which | In a UK legal context: "by reason of which" (as opposed to per se which requires no reasoning). In American jurisprudence often refers to a spouse's claim for loss of consortium. | ||
| per rectum (pr) | through the rectum | Medical shorthand; see also per os | ||
| per rectum ad astra | via rectum to the stars | a modern parody of per aspera ad astra, originating and most commonly used in Russia, meaning that the path to success took you through most undesirable and objectionable places or environments; or that a found solution to a complex problem is extremely convoluted. | ||
| per risum multum poteris cognoscere stultum | by excessive laughter one can recognise the fool | |||
| per se | through itself | Also "by itself" or "in itself". Without referring to anything else, intrinsically, taken without qualifications etc. A common example is negligence per se. See also malum in se. | ||
| per stirpes | through the roots | Used in wills to indicate that each "branch" of the testator's family should inherit equally. Contrasted with per capita. | ||
| per unitatem vis | through unity, strength | Motto of Texas A&M University Corps of Cadets | ||
| per veritatem vis | through truth, strength | Motto of Washington University in St. Louis | ||
| per volar sunata[sic] | born to soar | Frequently used motto; not from Latin but from Dante's Purgatorio, Canto XII, 95, the Italian phrase "per volar sù nata". | ||
| Perfer et obdura; dolor hic tibi proderit olim | Be patient and tough; some day this pain will be useful to you. | From Ovid, Amores, Book III, Elegy XI | ||
| periculum in mora | danger in delay | |||
| perinde ac [si] cadaver [essent] | [well-disciplined] like a corpse | Phrase written by St. Ignatius of Loyola in his Constitutiones Societatis Iesu (1954) | ||
| perita manus mens exculta | skilled hand, cultivated mind | Motto of RMIT University in Melbourne, Australia | ||
| perge sequar | advance, I follow | from Virgil's Aeneid IV 114; in Vergil's context: "proceed with your plan, I will do my part." | ||
| Pericula ludus | Danger is my pleasure | Motto of the Foreign Legion Detachment in Mayotte | ||
| perpetuum mobile | thing in perpetual motion | A musical term; also used to refer to hypothetical perpetual motion machines | ||
| Perseverantia et Fide in Deo | Perseverance and Faith in God | Motto of Bombay Scottish School, Mahim, India | ||
| persona non grata | person not pleasing | An unwelcome, unwanted or undesirable person. In diplomatic contexts, a person rejected by the host government. The reverse, persona grata ("pleasing person"), is less common, and refers to a diplomat acceptable to the government of the country to which he is sent. | ||
| Pes meus stetit in directo | My foot has stood in the right way (or in uprightness; in integrity) | Motto of the Light Armoured Cavalry Regiment Santiago No 1, Spanish Army;[103] Psalm 26:12 | ||
| petitio principii | request of the beginning | Begging the question, a logical fallacy in which a proposition to be proved is implicitly or explicitly assumed in one of the premises | ||
| pia desideria | pious longings | Or "dutiful desires" | ||
| pia fraus | pious fraud | Or "dutiful deceit". Expression from Ovid; used to describe deception which serves Church purposes | ||
| pia mater | pious mother | Or "tender mother". The delicate innermost of the three membranes that cover the brain and spinal cord. | ||
| Pietate et doctrina tuta libertas | Freedom is made safe through character and learning | Motto of Dickinson College | ||
| pinxit | one painted | Thus, "he painted this" or "she painted this". Formerly used on works of art, next to the artist's name. | ||
| piscem natare doces | [you] teach a fish to swim | Latin proverb, attributed by Erasmus in his Adagia to Greek origin (Diogenianus, Ἰχθὺν νήχεσθαι διδάσκεις); corollary Chinese idiom (班門弄斧) | ||
| placet | it pleases | expression of assent | ||
| plene scriptum | fully written | |||
| plenus venter non studet libenter | A full belly does not like studying | I.e., it is difficult to concentrate on mental tasks after a heavy meal. The following variant is also attested: plenus si venter renuit studere libenter (the belly, when full, refuses to study willingly). | ||
| plenus venter facile de ieiuniis disputat | A full belly readily discusses fasting. | Hieronymus, Epistulæ 58,2 | ||
| pluralis majestatis | plural of majesty | The first-person plural pronoun when used by an important personage to refer to himself or herself; also known as the "royal we" | ||
| pluralis modestiae | plural of modesty | |||
| plus minusve (p.m.v.) | more or less | Frequently found on Roman funerary inscriptions to denote that the age of a decedent is approximate | ||
| plus ultra | further beyond | National motto of Spain and a number of other institutions | ||
| pollice compresso favor iudicabatur | goodwill decided by compressed thumb | Life was spared with a thumb tucked inside a closed fist, simulating a sheathed weapon. Conversely, a thumb up meant to unsheath your sword. | ||
| pollice verso | with a turned thumb | Used by Roman crowds to pass judgment on a defeated gladiator. The type of gesture used is uncertain. Also the name of a famous painting depicting gladiators by Jean-Léon Gérôme. | ||
| Polonia Restituta | Rebirth of Poland | |||
| pons asinorum | bridge of asses | Any obstacle that stupid people find hard to cross. Originally used of Euclid's Fifth Proposition in geometry. | ||
| Pontifex Maximus | Greatest High Priest | Or "Supreme Pontiff". Originally an office in the Roman Republic, later a title held by Roman Emperors, and later a traditional epithet of the pope. The pontifices were the most important priestly college of the religion in ancient Rome; their name is usually thought to derive from pons facere ("to make a bridge"), which in turn is usually linked to their religious authority over the bridges of Rome, especially the Pons Sublicius. | ||
| posse comitatus | force of the county[104] | Thus, to be able to be made into part of a retinue or force. In common law, a sheriff's right to compel people to assist law enforcement in unusual situations. | ||
| possunt quia posse videntur | They can because they think they can | Inscription on the back of Putney medals, awarded to boat race winning Oxford blues. From Virgil's Aeneid Book V line 231. | ||
| post aut propter | after it or by means of it | Causality between two phenomena is not established (cf. post hoc, ergo propter hoc) | ||
| post cibum (p.c.) | after food | Medical shorthand for "after meals" (cf. ante cibum) | ||
| post coitum | After sex | After sexual intercourse | ||
| post coitum omne animal triste est sive gallus et mulier | After sexual intercourse every animal is sad, except the cock (rooster) and the woman | Or: triste est omne animal post coitum, praeter mulierem gallumque. Attributed to Galen of Pergamum.[105] | ||
| post eventum | after the event | Refers to an action or occurrence that takes place after the event that is being discussed (similar in meaning to post factum). More specifically, it may refer to a person who is recounting an event long after it took place, implying that details of the story may have changed over time. (Some sources attribute this expression to George Eliot.) | ||
| post factum | after the fact | Not to be confused with ex post facto. | ||
| post festum | after the feast | Too late, or after the fact | ||
| post hoc ergo propter hoc | after this, therefore because of this | A logical fallacy where one assumes that one thing happening after another thing means that the first thing caused the second. | ||
| post meridiem (p.m.) | after midday | The period from noon to midnight (cf. ante meridiem) | ||
| post mortem (pm) | after death | Usually rendered postmortem. Not to be confused with post meridiem | ||
| Post mortem auctoris (p.m.a.) | after the author's death | The phrase is used in legal terminology in the context of intellectual property rights, especially copyright, which commonly lasts until a certain number of years after the author's death. | ||
| post nubila phoebus | after the clouds, the sun | Motto of the University of Zulia, Venezuela, as well as Hartford, Connecticut | ||
| post nubes lux | out of darkness, light | Motto of Cranfield University | ||
| post scriptum (p.s.) | after what has been written | A postscript. Used to mark additions to a letter, after the signature. Can be extended to post post scriptum (p.p.s.), etc. | ||
| post tenebras lux, or, post tenebras spero lucem | after darkness, [I hope for] light | from Vulgata, Job 17:12; frequently used motto | ||
| postera crescam laude | I am going to grow in the esteem of future generations | Motto of the University of Melbourne | ||
| potest solum unum | There can be only one | Highlander | ||
| praemia virtutis honores | honours are the rewards of virtue | |||
| praemonitus praemunitus | forewarned is forearmed | Common catch phrase of the fictional character "Captain Blood" from the novel Captain Blood (novel) | ||
| praesis ut prosis ne ut imperes | Lead in order to serve, not in order to rule. | Motto of Lancaster Royal Grammar School | ||
| praeter legem | after the law | Legal terminology, international law | ||
| Praga Caput Regni | Prague, Head of the Kingdom | Motto of Prague from Middle Ages | ||
| Praga Caput Rei publicae | Prague, Head of the Republic | Motto of Prague from 1991 | ||
| Praga mater urbium | Prague, Mother of Cities | Motto of Prague from 1927 | ||
| Praga totius Bohemiae domina | Prague, the mistress of the whole of Bohemia | Former motto of Prague | ||
| Pretium Laborum Non Vile | No mean reward for labour | Motto of the Order of the Golden Fleece | ||
| pretiumque et causa laboris | The prize and the cause of our labour | Motto of Burnley Football Club; from Ovid's Metamorphoses, 4.739 (Latin)/English): "The Tale of Perseus and Andromeda": resoluta catenis incedit virgo, pretiumque et causa laboris. ("freed of her chains the virgin approaches, cause and reward of the enterprise.") | ||
| prima facie | at first sight | Used to designate evidence in a trial which is suggestive, but not conclusive, of something (e.g., a person's guilt) | ||
| prima luce | at dawn | Literally "at first light" | ||
| primas sum: primatum nil a me alienum puto | I am a primate; nothing about primates is foreign to me | A sentence by the American anthropologist Earnest Hooton and the slogan of primatologists and lovers of primates. Derived from homo sum, humani a me nihil alienum puto. | ||
| primum mobile | first moving thing | Or "first thing able to be moved"; see primum movens | ||
| primum movens | prime mover | Or "first moving one". A common theological term, such as in the cosmological argument, based on the assumption that God was the first entity to "move" or "cause" anything. Aristotle was one of the first philosophers to discuss the "uncaused cause", a hypothetical originator—and violator—of causality. | ||
| primum non nocere | first, to not harm | A medical precept. Often falsely attributed to the Hippocratic Oath, though its true source is probably a paraphrase from Hippocrates' Epidemics, where he wrote, "Declare the past, diagnose the present, foretell the future; practice these acts. As to diseases, make a habit of two things: to help, or at least to do no harm." | ||
| primus inter pares | first among equals | Position of the Ecumenical Patriarch in the Eastern Orthodox Church, position of the President of the Swiss Confederation among the members of the Federal Council, and a title of the Roman Emperors (cf. princeps). | ||
| principia probant non probantur | principles prove; they are not proved | Fundamental principles require no proof; they are assumed a priori. | ||
| principiis obsta (et respice finem) | resist the beginnings (and consider the end) | Ovid, Remedia Amoris, 91 | ||
| principium individuationis | Individuation | psychological term: the self-formation of the personality into a coherent whole | ||
| prior tempore potior iure | earlier in time, stronger in law | A legal principle that older laws take precedence over newer ones. The inverse principle is known as lex posterior. | ||
| pro aris et focis | For altars and hearths | The motto of the Royal Queensland Regiment, and many other regiments. | ||
| pro bono publico | for the public good | Often abbreviated pro bono. Work undertaken voluntarily at no expense, such as public services. Often used of a lawyer's work that is not charged for. | ||
| pro Brasilia fiant eximia | let exceptional things be made for Brazil | Motto of São Paulo state, Brazil. | ||
| pro Deo Domo Patria | For God, home and country | Motto of the University of Mary Washington | ||
| pro Deo et Patria | For God and Country | Frequently used motto | ||
| pro domo (sua) | for (one’s own) home or house | serving the interests of a given perspective or for the benefit of a given group. | ||
| pro Ecclesia, pro Texana | For Church, For Texas | Motto of Baylor University, a private Christian Baptist university in Waco, Texas. | ||
| pro fide et patria | for faith and fatherland | Motto of the originally Irish Muldoon family and of several schools, such as the Diocesan College (Bishops) in Cape Town, South Africa, and All Hallows High School in the Bronx, New York. | ||
| pro forma | for form | Or "as a matter of form". Prescribing a set form or procedure, or performed in a set manner. | ||
| pro gloria et patria | for glory and fatherland | Motto of Prussia | ||
| pro hac vice | for this occasion | Request of a state court to allow an out-of-state lawyer to represent a client. | ||
| pro multis | for many | It is part of the Rite of Consecration of the wine in Western Christianity tradition, as part of the Mass. | ||
| pro parte | in part | Frequently used in taxonomy to refer to part of a group. | ||
| pro patria | for country | Pro Patria Medal: for operational service (minimum 55 days) in defence of the Republic South Africa or in the prevention or suppression of terrorism; issued for the Border War (counter-insurgency operations in South West Africa 1966–89) and for campaigns in Angola (1975–76 and 1987–88). Motto of The Royal Canadian Regiment, Royal South Australia Regiment, Hurlstone Agricultural High School. | ||
| pro patria vigilans | watchful for the country | Motto of the United States Army Signal Corps. | ||
| pro populo et gloria | for the people and glory | Motto of HMS Westminster | ||
| pro per | for self | to defend oneself in court without counsel; abbreviation of propria persona. See also: pro se. | ||
| pro rata | for the rate | i.e., proportionately. | ||
| pro re nata (PRN, prn) | for a thing that has been born | Medical shorthand for "as the occasion arises" or "as needed". Also "concerning a matter having come into being". Used to describe a meeting of a special Presbytery or Assembly called to discuss something new, and which was previously unforeseen (literally: "concerning a matter having been born"). | ||
| pro rege et lege | for king and the law | Found on the Leeds coat of arms. | ||
| pro rege, lege et grege | for king, the law and the people | Found on the coat of arms of Perth, Scotland. | ||
| pro se | for oneself | to defend oneself in court without counsel. Some jurisdictions prefer, "pro per". | ||
| pro scientia atque sapientia | for knowledge and wisdom | motto of Stuyvesant High School in New York City | ||
| pro scientia et patria | for science and nation | motto of the National University of La Plata | ||
| pro studio et labore | for study and work | |||
| pro tanto | for so much | Denotes something that has only been partially fulfilled. A philosophical term indicating the acceptance of a theory or idea without fully accepting the explanation. | ||
| pro tanto quid retribuemus | what shall we give in return for so much | The motto of the city of Belfast; taken from the Vulgate translation of Psalm 116. | ||
| pro tempore | for the time (being) | Denotes a temporary current situation; abbreviated pro tem. | ||
| probatio pennae | testing of the pen | Medieval Latin term for breaking in a new pen | ||
| probis pateo | I am open for honest people | Traditionally inscribed above a city gate or above the front entrance of a dwelling or place of learning. | ||
| prodesse quam conspici | To Accomplish Rather Than To Be Conspicuous | motto of Miami University | ||
| propria manu (p.m.) | "by one's own hand" | |||
| propter vitam vivendi perdere causas | to destroy the reasons for living for the sake of life | That is, to squander life's purpose just in order to stay alive, and live a meaningless life. From Juvenal, Satyricon VIII, verses 83–84. | ||
| protectio trahit subjectionem, et subjectio protectionem | Protection draws allegiance, and allegiance draws protection | Legal maxim, indicating that reciprocity of fealty with protection | ||
| provehito in altum | launch forward into the deep | motto of Memorial University of Newfoundland | ||
| proxime accessit | he came next | the runner-up | ||
| proximo mense (prox.) | in the following month | Used in formal correspondence to refer to the next month. Used with ult. ("last month") and inst. ("this month"). | ||
| pulchrum est paucorum hominum | Beauty is for the few | from Friedrich Nietzsche's 1889 book Twilight of the Idols | ||
| pulvis et umbra sumus | we are dust and shadow | From Horace, Carmina Book IV, 7, 16.[106] | ||
| punctum saliens | leaping point | Thus, the essential or most notable point. The salient point. | ||
| purificatus non consumptus | purified, not consumed |
Q
| Latin | Translation | Notes |
|---|---|---|
| qua definitione | by virtue of definition | Thus: "by definition"; variant of per definitionem; sometimes used in German-speaking countries. Occasionally misrendered as "qua definitionem". |
| qua patet orbis | as far as the world extends | Motto of the Royal Netherlands Marine Corps |
| quae non posuisti, ne tollas | do not take away what you did not put in place | Plato, Laws |
| quae non prosunt singula multa iuvant | what alone is not useful helps when accumulated | Ovid, Remedia amoris |
| quaecumque sunt vera | whatsoever is true | frequently used as motto; taken from Philippians 4:8 of the Bible |
| quaecumque vera doce me | teach me whatsoever is true | motto of St. Joseph's College, Edmonton at the University of Alberta |
| quaere | to seek | Or "you might ask..." Used to suggest doubt or to ask one to consider whether something is correct. Often introduces rhetorical or tangential questions. |
| quaerite primum regnum Dei | seek ye first the kingdom of God | Also quaerite primo regnum dei; frequently used as motto |
| qualis artifex pereo | As what kind of artist do I perish? | Or "What a craftsman dies in me!" Attributed to Nero in Suetonius' De vita Caesarum |
| Qualitas potentia nostra | Quality is our might | motto of Finnish Air Force |
| quam bene non quantum | how well, not how much | motto of Mount Royal University, Calgary, Canada |
| quam bene vivas referre (or refert), non quam diu | it is how well you live that matters, not how long | Seneca, Epistulae morales ad Lucilium CI (101) |
| quamdiu (se) bene gesserit | as long as he shall have behaved well (legal Latin) | I.e., "[while on] good behavior." So for example the Act of Settlement 1701 stipulated that judges' commissions are valid quamdiu se bene gesserint (during good behaviour). (Notice the different singular, "gesserit", and plural, "gesserint", forms.) It was from this phrase that Frank Herbert extracted the name for the Bene Gesserit sisterhood in the Dune novels. |
| quantocius quantotius | the sooner, the better | or, as quickly as possible |
| quantum libet (q.l.) | as much as pleases | medical shorthand for "as much as you wish" |
| quantum sufficit (qs) | as much as is enough | medical shorthand for "as much as needed" or "as much as will suffice" |
| quaque hora (qh) | every hour | medical shorthand; also quaque die (qd), "every day", quaque mane (qm), "every morning", and quaque nocte (qn), "every night" |
| quare clausum fregit | wherefore he broke the close | An action of trespass; thus called, by reason the writ demands the person summoned to answer to wherefore he broke the close (quare clausum fregit), i.e. why he committed such a trespass. |
| quater in die (qid) | four times a day | medical shorthand |
| quem deus vult perdere, dementat prius | Whom the gods would destroy, they first make insane | |
| quem di diligunt adulescens moritur | he whom the gods love dies young | Other translations of diligunt include "prize especially" or "esteem". From Plautus, Bacchides, IV, 7, 18. In this comic play, a sarcastic servant says this to his aging master. The rest of the sentence reads: dum valet sentit sapit ("while he is healthy, perceptive and wise"). |
| questio quid iuris | I ask what law? | from the Summoner's section of Chaucer's General Prologue to The Canterbury Tales, line 648 |
| qui audet adipiscitur | Who Dares Wins | The motto of the SAS, of the British Army |
| qui bene cantat bis orat | he who sings well praises twice | from St. Augustine of Hippo's commentary on Psalm 73, verse 1: Qui enim cantat laudem, non solum laudat, sed etiam hilariter laudat ("He who sings praises, not only praises, but praises joyfully") |
| qui bono | who with good | common misspelling of the Latin phrase cui bono ("who benefits?") |
| quibuscum(que) viis | (and) by whatever ways possible | Used by Honoré de Balzac in several works,[107] including Illusions perdues and Splendeurs et misères des courtisanes. |
| qui docet in doctrina | he that teacheth, on teaching | Motto of the University of Chester. A less literal translation is "Let those who teach, teach" or "Let the teacher teach". |
| qui habet aures audiendi audiat | he who has ears to hear, let him hear | "He that hath ears to hear, let him hear"; Mark Mark 4:9 |
| qui me tangit, vocem meam audit | who touches me, hears my voice | common inscription on bells |
| qui tacet consentire videtur | he who is silent is taken to agree | Thus, silence gives consent. Sometimes accompanied by the proviso "ubi loqui debuit ac potuit", that is, "when he ought to have spoken and was able to". Pope Boniface VII in Decretale di Bonifacio VIII, Libro V, Tit. 12, reg. 43 AD 1294 |
| qui prior est tempore potior est jure | Who is first in point of time is stronger in right | As set forth in the "Property Law" casebook written by Jesse Dukeminier, which is generally used to teach first year law students. |
| qui tam pro domino rege quam pro se ipso in hac parte sequitur | he who brings an action for the king as well as for himself | Generally known as 'qui tam,' it is the technical legal term for the unique mechanism in the federal False Claims Act that allows persons and entities with evidence of fraud against federal programs or contracts to sue the wrongdoer on behalf of the Government. |
| qui totum vult totum perdit | he who wants everything loses everything | Attributed to Publilius Syrus |
| qui transtulit sustinet | he who transplanted still sustains | Or "he who brought us across still supports us", meaning God. State motto of Connecticut. Originally written as sustinet qui transtulit in 1639. |
| quia suam uxorem etiam suspicione vacare vellet | because he should wish his wife to be free even from any suspicion | Attributed to Julius Caesar by Plutarch, Caesar 10. Translated loosely as "because even the wife of Caesar may not be suspected". At the feast of Bona Dea, a sacred festival for females only, which was being held at the Domus Publica, the home of the Pontifex Maximus, Caesar, and hosted by his second wife, Pompeia, the notorious politician Clodius arrived in disguise. Caught by the outraged noblewomen, Clodius fled before they could kill him on the spot for sacrilege. In the ensuing trial, allegations arose that Pompeia and Clodius were having an affair, and while Caesar asserted that this was not the case and no substantial evidence arose suggesting otherwise, he nevertheless divorced, with this quotation as explanation. |
| quid agis | What are you doing? | What's happening? What's going on? What's the news? What's up? |
| quid est veritas | What is truth? | In the Vulgate translation of John 18:38, Pilate's question to Jesus (Greek: Τί ἐστιν ἀλήθεια;). A possible answer is an anagram of the phrase: est vir qui adest, "it is the man who is here." |
| quid novi ex Africa | What of the new out of Africa? | less literally, "What's new from Africa?"; derived from an Aristotle quotation |
| quid nunc | What now? | Commonly shortened to quidnunc. As a noun, a quidnunc is a busybody or a gossip. Patrick Campbell worked for The Irish Times under the pseudonym "Quidnunc". |
| quid pro quo | what for what | Commonly used in English, it is also translated as "this for that" or "a thing for a thing". Signifies a favor exchanged for a favor. The traditional Latin expression for this meaning was do ut des ("I give, so that you may give"). |
| Quid rides? Mutato nomine de te fabula narratur. | Why do you laugh? Change but the name, and the story is told of yourself. | Horace, Satires, I. 1. 69. |
| quidquid Latine dictum sit altum videtur | whatever has been said in Latin seems deep | Or "anything said in Latin sounds profound". A recent ironic Latin phrase to poke fun at people who seem to use Latin phrases and quotations only to make themselves sound more important or "educated". Similar to the less common omnia dicta fortiora si dicta Latina. |
| quieta non movere | don't move settled things | |
| quilibet potest renunciare juri pro se inducto | anyone may renounce a law introduced for their own benefit | Used in classical law to differentiate law imposed by the state for the benefit of a person in general, but by the state on behalf of them, and one imposed specifically that that person ought to have a say in whether the law is implemented. |
| Quis custodiet ipsos custodes? | Who will guard the guards themselves? | Commonly associated with Plato who in the Republic poses this question; and from Juvenal's On Women, referring to the practice of having eunuchs guard women and beginning with the word sed ("but"). Usually translated less literally, as "Who watches the watchmen (or modern, 'watchers')?" This translation is a common epigraph, such as of the Tower Commission and Alan Moore's Watchmen comic book series. |
| quis leget haec? | Who will read this? | |
| quis separabit? | Who will separate us? | motto of Northern Ireland and of the Order of St Patrick |
| quis ut Deus | Who [is] as God? | Usually translated "Who is like unto God?" Questions who would have the audacity to compare himself to a Supreme Being. It is a translation of the Hebrew name 'Michael' = Mi cha El Who like God מי/כ/ אל Hebrew: מִיכָאֵל (right to left). |
| quo errat demonstrator | where the prover errs | A pun on "quod erat demonstrandum" |
| quo fata ferunt | where the fates bear us to | motto of Bermuda |
| quo non ascendam | to what heights can I not rise? | motto of Army Burn Hall College |
| Quod verum tutum | what is true is right | motto of Spier's School |
| quousque tandem? | For how much longer? | From Cicero's first speech In Catilinam to the Roman Senate regarding the conspiracy of Catiline: Quo usque tandem abutere, Catilina, patientia nostra? ("For how much longer, Catiline, will you abuse our patience?"). |
| Quo Vadimus? | Where are we going? | Title of the series finale of Aaron Sorkin's TV dramedy Sports Night |
| quo vadis? | Where are you going? | According to Vulgate translation of John 13:36, Saint Peter asked Jesus Domine, quo vadis? ("Lord, where are you going?"). The King James Version has the translation "Lord, whither goest thou?" |
| quocunque jeceris stabit | whithersoever you throw it, it will stand | motto of the Isle of Man |
| quod abundat non obstat | what is abundant doesn't hinder | It is no problem to have too much of something. |
| quod cito fit, cito perit | what is done quickly, perishes quickly | Things done in a hurry are more likely to fail and fail quicker than those done with care. |
| quod erat demonstrandum (Q.E.D.) | what was to be demonstrated | The abbreviation is often written at the bottom of a mathematical proof. Sometimes translated loosely into English as "The Five Ws", W.W.W.W.W., which stands for "Which Was What We Wanted". |
| quod erat faciendum (Q.E.F.) | which was to be done | Or "which was to be constructed". Used in translations of Euclid's Elements when there was nothing to prove, but there was something being constructed, for example a triangle with the same size as a given line. |
| quod est (q.e.) | which is | |
| quod est necessarium est licitum | what is necessary is lawful | |
| quod gratis asseritur, gratis negatur | what is asserted without reason may be denied without reason | If no grounds have been given for an assertion, then there are no grounds needed to reject it. |
| quod licet Iovi, non licet bovi | what is permitted to Jupiter is not permitted to an ox | If an important person does something, it does not necessarily mean that everyone can do it (cf. double standard). Iovi (also commonly rendered Jovi) is the dative form of Iuppiter ("Jupiter" or "Jove"), the chief god of the Romans. |
| quod me nutrit me destruit | what nourishes me destroys me | Thought to have originated with Elizabethan playwright Christopher Marlowe. Generally interpreted to mean that that which motivates or drives a person can consume him or her from within. This phrase has become a popular slogan or motto for pro-ana websites, anorexics and bulimics. |
| quod natura non dat Salmantica non praestat | what nature does not give, Salamanca does not provide | Refers to the Spanish University of Salamanca, meaning that education cannot substitute the lack of brains. |
| quod non fecerunt barbari, fecerunt Barberini | What the barbarians did not do, the Barberinis did | A well-known satirical lampoon left attached to the ancient "speaking" statue of Pasquino on a corner of the Piazza Navona in Rome, Italy.[108] Through a sharp pun the writer criticizes Pope Urban VIII, of the Barberini family, who reused stones and decorations from ancient buildings to build new ones, thus wrecking classical constructions that even the barbarians had not touched. |
| quod periit, periit | What is gone is gone | What has happened has happened and it cannot be changed, thus we should look forward into the future instead of being pulled by the past. |
| quod scripsi, scripsi | What I have written I have written. | Pilate to the chief priests (John 19:22) |
| quod supplantandum, prius bene sciendum | Whatever you hope to supplant, you will first know thoroughly | i.e. "You must thoroughly understand that which you hope to supplant". A caution against following a doctrine of Naive Analogy when attempting to formulate a scientific hypothesis. |
| quod vide (q.v.) | which see | Used after a term, phrase, or topic that should be looked up elsewhere in the current document, book, etc. For more than one term or phrase, the plural is quae vide (qq.v.). |
| Quodcumque dixerit vobis, facite. | Whatever He tells you, that you shall do. | More colloquially: "Do whatever He [Jesus] tells you to do." Instructions of Mary to the servants at the Wedding at Cana. (John 2:5). Also the motto of East Catholic High School. |
| quomodo vales | How are you? | |
| quorum | of whom | the number of members whose presence is required under the rules to make any given meeting constitutional |
| quos amor verus tenuit tenebit | Those whom true love has held, it will go on holding | Seneca |
| quot capita tot sensus | as many heads, so many perceptions | "There are as many opinions as there are heads" – Terence |
| quot homines tot sententiae | as many men, so many opinions | Or "there are as many opinions as there are people", "how many people, so many opinions" |
R
| Latin | Translation | Notes |
|---|---|---|
| radix malorum est cupiditas | the root of evils is desire | Or "greed is the root of all evil". Theme of "The Pardoner's Tale" from The Canterbury Tales. |
| rara avis (rarissima avis) | rare bird (very rare bird) | An extraordinary or unusual thing. From Juvenal's Satires VI: rara avis in terris nigroque simillima cygno ("a rare bird in the lands, and very like a black swan"). |
| rari nantes in gurgite vasto | Rare survivors in the immense sea | Virgil, Aeneid, I, 118 |
| ratio decidendi | reasoning for the decision | The legal, moral, political, and social principles used by a court to compose a judgment's rationale. |
| ratio legis | reasoning of law | A law's foundation or basis. |
| ratione personae | by reason of his/her person | Also "jurisdiction ratione personae" the personal reach of the courts jurisdiction.[109] |
| ratione soli | by account of the ground | Or "according to the soil". Assigning property rights to a thing based on its presence on a landowner's property. |
| ratum et consummatum | confirmed and completed | in Canon law, a consummated marriage |
| ratum tantum | confirmed only | in Canon law, a confirmed but unconsummated marriage (which can be dissolved super rato) |
| re | [in] the matter of | More literally, "by the thing". From the ablative of res ("thing" or "circumstance"). It is a common misconception that the "Re:" in correspondence is an abbreviation for regarding or reply; this is not the case for traditional letters. However, when used in an e-mail subject, there is evidence that it functions as an abbreviation of regarding rather than the Latin word for thing. The use of Latin re, in the sense of "about", "concerning", is English usage. |
| rebus sic stantibus | with matters standing thus | The doctrine that treaty obligations hold only as long as the fundamental conditions and expectations that existed at the time of their creation hold. |
| recte et fortiter | Upright and Strong | Motto of Homebush Boys High School |
| recte et fideliter | Upright and Faithful | Also "just and faithful" and "accurately and faithfully". Motto of Ruyton Girls' School |
| reductio ad absurdum | leading back to the absurd | A common debate technique, and a method of proof in mathematics and philosophy, that proves the thesis by showing that its opposite is absurd or logically untenable. In general usage outside mathematics and philosophy, a reductio ad absurdum is a tactic in which the logic of an argument is challenged by reducing the concept to its most absurd extreme. Translated from Aristotle's "ἡ εις άτοπον απαγωγη" (hi eis atopon apagogi, "reduction to the impossible"). |
| reductio ad Hitlerum | leading back to Hitler | A term coined by German-American political philosopher Leo Strauss to humorously describe a fallacious argument that compares an opponent's views to those held by Adolf Hitler or the Nazi Party. Derived from reductio ad absurdum. |
| reductio ad infinitum | leading back to the infinite | An argument that creates an infinite series of causes that does not seem to have a beginning. As a fallacy, it rests upon Aristotle's notion that all things must have a cause, but that all series of causes must have a sufficient cause, that is, an unmoved mover. An argument which does not seem to have such a beginning becomes difficult to imagine. If it can be established, separately, that the chain must have a start, then a reductio ad infinitum is a valid refutation technique. |
| reformatio in peius | change to worse | A decision from a court of appeal is amended to a worse one. With certain exceptions, this is prohibited at the Boards of Appeal of the European Patent Office by case law. |
| regem ego comitem me comes regem | you made me a Count, I will make you a King | Motto of the Forbin family |
| reginam occidere | From "Reginam occidere nolite timere bonum est si omnes consentiunt ego non contradico", a sentence whose meaning is highly dependent on punctuation: either the speaker wishes a queen killed or not.[110] | Written by John of Merania, bishop of Esztergom, to Hungarian nobles planning the assassination of Gertrude of Merania. The queen was assassinated as the plotters saw the bishop's message as an encouragement. |
| regnat populus | the people rule | State motto of Arkansas, adopted in 1907. Originally rendered in 1864 in the plural, regnant populi ("the peoples rule"), but subsequently changed to the singular. |
| Regnum Mariae Patrona Hungariae | Kingdom of Mary, the Patron of Hungary | Former motto of Hungary. |
| regressus ad uterum | return to the womb | Concept used in psychoanalysis by Sándor Ferenczi and the Budapest School. |
| rem acu tetigisti | You have touched the point with a needle | i.e., "You have hit the nail on the head" |
| renovatio urbis | urban renewal | a period of city planning and architectural updating in rennaissance Italy, i.e. the vast architectural programme begun under Doge Andrea Gritti in Venice[111] |
| repetita iuvant | repeating does good | Lit: "Repeated things help". Usually said as a jocular remark to defend the speaker's (or writer's) choice to repeat some important piece of information to ensure reception by the audience. |
| repetitio est mater studiorum | repetition is the mother of study/learning | |
| requiem aeternam | eternal rest | |
| requiescat in pace (R.I.P.) | let him/her rest in peace | Or "may he/she rest in peace". A benediction for the dead. Often inscribed on tombstones or other grave markers. "RIP" is commonly mistranslated as "Rest In Peace", though the two mean essentially the same thing. |
| rerum cognoscere causas | to learn the causes of things | Motto of the University of Sheffield, the University of Guelph, and London School of Economics. |
| res firma mitescere nescit | a firm resolve does not know how to weaken | Used in the 1985 film American Flyers where it is colloquially translated as "once you got it up, keep it up". |
| res gestae | things done | A phrase used in law representing the belief that certain statements are made naturally, spontaneously and without deliberation during the course of an event, they leave little room for misunderstanding/misinterpretation upon hearing by someone else ( i.e. by the witness who will later repeat the statement to the court) and thus the courts believe that such statements carry a high degree of credibility. |
| res ipsa loquitur | the thing speaks for itself | A phrase from the common law of torts meaning that negligence can be inferred from the fact that such an accident happened, without proof of exactly how. |
| res judicata | judged thing | A matter which has been decided by a court. Often refers to the legal concept that once a matter has been finally decided by the courts, it cannot be litigated again (cf. non bis in idem and double jeopardy). |
| res, non verba | "actions speak louder than words", or "deeds, not words" | From rēs ("things, facts") the plural of rēs ("a thing, a fact") + nōn ("not") + verba ("words") the plural of verbum ("a word"). Literally meaning "things, not words" or "facts instead of words" but referring to that "actions be used instead of words". |
| res nullius | nobody's property | Goods without an owner. Used for things or beings which belong to nobody and are up for grabs, e.g., uninhabited and uncolonized lands, wandering wild animals, etc. (cf. terra nullius, "no man's land"). |
| res publica | Pertaining to the state or public | source of the word republic |
| respice adspice prospice | look behind, look here, look ahead | i.e., "examine the past, the present and future". Motto of CCNY. |
| respice finem | look back at the end | i.e., "have regard for the end" or "consider the end". Generally a memento mori, a warning to remember one's death. Motto of Homerton College, Cambridge, Trinity College, Kandy, Georgetown College in Kentucky, Turnbull High School, Glasgow, and the London Oratory School. |
| respondeat superior | let the superior respond | Regarded as a legal maxim in agency law, referring to the legal liability of the principal with respect to an employee. Whereas a hired independent contractor acting tortiously may not cause the principal to be legally liable, a hired employee acting tortiously will cause the principal (the employer) to be legally liable, even if the employer did nothing wrong. |
| restitutio ad (or in) integrum | restoration to original condition | Principle behind the awarding of damages in common law negligence claims |
| resurgam | I shall arise | "I shall rise again", expressing Christian faith in resurrection at the Last Day. It appears, inter alia, in Charlotte Brontë's Jane Eyre, as the epitaph written on Helen Burns's grave; in a poem of Emily Dickinson: Poems (1955) I. 56 (" 'Arcturus' is his other name"), I slew a worm the other day – A 'Savant' passing by Murmured 'Resurgam' – 'Centipede'! 'Oh Lord – how frail are we'!; and in a letter of Vincent van Gogh.[112] The OED gives "1662 J. Trapp, Annotations upon the Old and New Testament, in five distinct volumes (London, 1662), vol. I, p. 142: "Howbeit he had hope in his death, and might write Resurgam on his grave" as its earliest attribution in the English corpus. |
| retine vim istam, falsa enim dicam, si coges | Restrain your strength, for if you compel me I will tell lies | An utterance by the Delphic oracle recorded by Eusebius of Caesarea in Praeparatio evangelica, VI-5, translated from the Greek of Porphyry (c.f. E. H. Gifford's translation)[113] and used by William Wordsworth as a subtitle for his ballad "Anecdote for Fathers". |
| rex regum fidelum et | king even of faithful kings | Latin motto that appears on the crest of the Trinity Broadcasting Network of Paul and Jan Crouch. |
| rigor mortis | stiffness of death | The rigidity of corpses when chemical reactions cause the limbs to stiffen about 3–4 hours after death. Other signs of death include drop in body temperature (algor mortis, "cold of death") and discoloration (livor mortis, "bluish color of death"). |
| risum teneatis, amici? | Can you help laughing, friends? | An ironic or rueful commentary, appended following a fanciful or unbelievable tale. |
| risus abundat in ore stultorum | laughter is abundant in the mouth of fools | excessive and inappropriate laughter signifies stupidity. |
| Roma invicta | Unconquered Rome | Inspirational motto inscribed on the Statue of Rome. |
| Roma locuta, causa finita | Rome has spoken, the case is closed | In Roman Catholic ecclesiology, doctrinal matters are ultimately decided by the Vatican. |
| Romanes eunt domus | People called Romans they go the house | An intentionally garbled Latin phrase from Monty Python's Life of Brian. Its intended meaning is "Romans, go home!", in Latin Romani ite domum. |
| rorate coeli | drop down ye heavens | a.k.a. The Advent Prose. |
| rosam quae meruit ferat | She who has earned the rose may bear it | Motto from Sweet Briar College |
| rus in urbe | A countryside in the city | Generally used to refer to a haven of peace and quiet within an urban setting, often a garden, but can refer to interior decoration. |
S
| Latin | Translation | Notes |
|---|---|---|
| saltus in demonstrando | leap in explaining | a leap in logic, by which a necessary part of an equation is omitted. |
| salus in arduis | a stronghold (or refuge) in difficulties | a Roman Silver Age maxim. Also the school motto of Wellingborough School. |
| salus populi suprema lex esto | the welfare of the people is to be the highest law | From Cicero's De Legibus, book III, part III, sub. VIII. Quoted by John Locke in his Second Treatise, On Civil Government, to describe the proper organization of government. Also the state motto of Missouri. |
| salva veritate | with truth intact | Refers to two expressions that can be interchanged without changing the truth value of the statements in which they occur. |
| Salvator Mundi | Savior of the World | Christian epithet, usually referring to Jesus. The title of paintings by Albrecht Dürer and Leonardo da Vinci. |
| salvo errore et omissione (s.e.e.o.) | save for error and omission | Used as a reservation on statements of financial accounts. Often now given in English "errors and omissions excluded" or "e&oe". |
| salvo honoris titulo (SHT) | save for title of honor | Addressing oneself to someone whose title is unknown. |
| Sancta Sedes | Holy Chair | literally, "holy seat". Refers to the Papacy or the Holy See. |
| sancta simplicitas | holy innocence | Or "sacred simplicity". |
| sancte et sapienter | in a holy and wise way | Also sancte sapienter (holiness, wisdom), motto of several institutions, notably King's College London |
| sanctum sanctorum | Holy of Holies | referring to a more sacred and/or guarded place, within a lesser guarded, yet also holy location. |
| sapere aude | dare to know | From Horace's Epistularum liber primus, Epistle II, line 40. Made popular in Kant's essay Answering the Question: What Is Enlightenment? defining the Age of Enlightenment. The phrase is common usage as a university motto. |
| sapiens qui prospicit | wise is he who looks ahead | Motto of Malvern College, England |
| sapienti sat | enough for the wise | From Plautus. Indicates that something can be understood without any need for explanation, as long as the listener has enough wisdom or common sense. Often extended to dictum sapienti sat est ("enough has been said for the wise", commonly translated as "a word to the wise is enough"). |
| sapientia et doctrina | wisdom and learning | Motto of Fordham University, New York. Motto of Hill House School Doncaster, England. |
| sapientia et eloquentia | wisdom and eloquence | One of the mottos of the Ateneo schools in the Philippines.[114] Motto of the Minerva Society |
| sapientia et veritas | wisdom and truth | Motto of Christchurch Girls' High School, New Zealand. |
| sapientia et virtus | wisdom and virtue | Motto of the University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong. |
| sapientia ianua vitae | wisdom is the gateway to life | Motto of the Wirral Grammar School for Boys, Bebington, England. |
| sapientia melior auro | wisdom is better than gold | Motto of University of Deusto, Bilbao, San Sebastián, Spain. |
| sapientia, pax, fraternitas | Wisdom, Peace, Fraternity | Motto of Universidad de las Américas, Puebla, Cholula, Mexico. |
| sapientia potentia est | wisdom is power | Motto of the House of Akeleye, Sweden, Denmark, Czechoslovakia. |
| sat celeriter fieri quidquid fiat satis bene | That which has been done well has been done quickly enough | One of the two favorite maxims of Augustus. The other is "festina lente" ("hurry slowly", i. e., if you want to go fast, go slow).[115] |
| scientia ac labore | By/From/With knowledge and labour | Motto of several institutions |
| scientia, aere perennius | knowledge, more lasting than bronze | unknown origin, probably adapted from Horace's ode III (Exegi monumentum aere perennius). |
| scientia cum religione | religion and knowledge united | Motto of St Vincent's College, Potts Point |
| scientiae cedit mare | The sea yields to knowledge | Motto of the United States Coast Guard Academy. |
| scientiae et patriae | For science and fatherland | Motto of University of Latvia |
| scientia et labor | knowledge and work | motto of Universidad Nacional de Ingeniería |
| scientia et sapientia | knowledge and wisdom | motto of Illinois Wesleyan University |
| scientia imperii decus et tutamen | knowledge is the adornment and protection of the Empire | Motto of Imperial College London |
| scientia ipsa potentia est | knowledge itself is power | Stated originally by Sir Francis Bacon in Meditationes Sacrae (1597), which in modern times is often paraphrased as scientia est potestas or scientia potentia est (knowledge is power). |
| scientia, labor, libertas | science, labour, liberty | Motto of the Free University of Tbilisi. |
| scientia non olet | knowledge doesn't smell | A variation on Emperor Vespasian's pecunia non olet in Suetonius' De vita Caesarum. Used to say the way in which we learn something doesn't matter as long as it is knowledge acquired. |
| scientia vincere tenebras | conquering darkness by science | Motto of several institutions, such as the Brussels Free Universities (Université Libre de Bruxelles and Vrije Universiteit Brussel). |
| scilicet (sc. or ss.) | it is permitted to know | that is to say; to wit; namely; in a legal caption, it provides a statement of venue or refers to a location. |
| scio | I know | |
| scio me nihil scire | I know that I know nothing | |
| scire quod sciendum | knowledge which is worth having | motto of now defunct publisher Small, Maynard & Company |
| scribimus indocti doctique poemata passim | Each desperate blockhead dares to write | as translated by Philip Francis. From Horace, Epistularum liber secundus (1, 117)[116] and quoted in Fielding's Tom Jones; lit: "Learned or not, we shall write poems without distinction." |
| scuto amoris divini | by the shield of God's love | The motto of Skidmore College |
| seculo seculorum | forever and ever | |
| sed ipse spiritus postulat pro nobis, gemitibus inenarrabilibus | But the same Spirit intercedes incessantly for us, with inexpressible groans | Romans 8:26 |
| sed terrae graviora manent | But on earth, worse things await | Virgil, Aeneid 6:84. |
| sede vacante | with the seat being vacant | The "seat" refers to the Holy See; the vacancy refers to the interregnum between two popes. |
| sedes apostolica | apostolic chair | Synonymous with Sancta Sedes. |
| sedes incertae | seat (i.e. location) uncertain | Used in biological classification to indicate that there is no agreement as to which higher order grouping a taxon should be placed into. Abbreviated sed. incert. |
| sedet, aeternumque sedebit | seat, be seated forever | a Virgi's verse, means when you stop trying, then you lose |
| semel in anno licet insanire | once in a year one is allowed to go crazy | Concept expressed by various authors, such as Seneca, Saint Augustine and Horace. It became proverbial during the Middle Ages. |
| semper ad meliora | always towards better things | Motto of several institutions |
| semper anticus | always forward | Motto of the 45th Infantry Division (United States) and its successor, the 45th Infantry Brigade Combat Team (United States) |
| semper apertus | always open | Motto of University of Heidelberg |
| semper ardens | always burning | Motto of Carl Jacobsen and name of a line of beers by Danish brewery Carlsberg. |
| semper eadem | ever the same | personal motto of Elizabeth I, appears above her royal coat of arms. Used as motto of Elizabeth College, Guernsey, Channel Islands, which was founded by Elizabeth I, and of Ipswich School, to whom Elizabeth granted a royal charter. Also the motto of the City of Leicester and Prince George's County. |
| semper excelsius | always higher | Motto of the K.A.V. Lovania Leuven and the House of Wrigley-Pimley-McKerr[117] |
| semper fidelis | always faithful | Motto of several institutions, e.g. United States Marine Corps |
| semper fortis | always brave | Unofficial motto of the United States Navy |
| semper idem | always the same | Motto of Underberg |
| semper in excretia sumus solim profundum variat | We're always in the manure; only the depth varies. | Lord de Ramsey, House of Lords, 21 January 1998[118] |
| semper instans | always threatening | Motto of 846 NAS Royal Navy |
| semper invicta | always invincible | Motto of Warsaw |
| semper necessitas probandi incumbit ei qui agit | the necessity of proof always lies with the person who lays charges | Latin maxim often associated with the burden of proof |
| semper liber | always free | Motto of the city of Victoria, British Columbia |
| semper paratus | always prepared | Motto of several institutions, e.g. United States Coast Guard |
| semper primus | always first | Motto of several US military units |
| semper progrediens | always progressing | Motto of the island of Sint Maarten, of King City Secondary School in King City, Ontario, Canada and of Fairfax High School (Fairfax, Virginia) |
| semper reformanda | always in need of being reformed | A phrase deriving from the Nadere Reformatie movement in the seventeenth century Dutch Reformed Church and widely but informally used in Reformed and Presbyterian churches today. It refers to the conviction of certain Reformed Protestant theologians that the church must continually re-examine itself in order to maintain its purity of doctrine and practice. The term first appeared in print in Jodocus van Lodenstein, Beschouwinge van Zion (Contemplation of Zion), Amsterdam, 1674.[119] |
| semper sursum | always aim high | Motto of Barrow-in-Furness, England. Motto of St. Stephen School, Chandigarh, India. Motto of St. Joseph's College, Allahabad, India. Motto of Palmerston North Girls' High School, Palmerston North, New Zealand. Motto of Vancouver Technical Secondary School, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada. Motto of 865 Dartmouth Kiwanis Royal Canadian Air Cadet Squadron, Dartmouth, Nova Scotia, Canada. |
| semper vigilans | always vigilant | Motto of several institutions including the US Air Force Auxiliary (Civil Air Patrol), the city of San Diego, California, and the Providence, Rhode Island Police Department. |
| semper vigilo | always vigilant | The motto of the Scottish Police Forces, Scotland. |
| Senatus Populusque Romanus (SPQR) | The Senate and the People of Rome | The official name of the Roman Republic. "SPQR" was carried on battle standards by the Roman legions. In addition to being an ancient Roman motto, it remains the motto of the modern city of Rome. |
| sensu lato | with the broad, or general, meaning | Less literally, "in the wide sense". |
| sensu stricto cf. stricto sensu | "with the tight meaning" | Less literally, "in the strict sense". |
| sensus plenior | in the fuller meaning | In biblical exegesis, the deeper meaning intended by God, not intended by the human author. |
| sequere pecuniam | follow the money | In an effort to understand why things may be happening contrary to expectations, or even in alignment with them, this idiom suggests that keeping track of where money is going may show the basis for the observed behavior. Similar in spirit to the phrase cui bono (who gains?) or cui prodest (who advances?), but outside those phrases' historically legal context. |
| Sermo Tuus Veritas Est | Thy Word Is Truth | motto of the General Theological Seminary, Cornelius Fontem Esua |
| sero venientes male sedentes | those who are late are poorly seated | |
| sero venientibus ossa | those who are late get bones | |
| servabo fidem | Keeper of the faith | I will keep the faith. |
| serviam | I will serve | The answer of St. Michael the Archangel to the non serviam, "I will not serve" of Satan, when the angels were tested by God on whether they will serve an inferior being, a man, Jesus, as their Lord. |
| servus servorum Dei | servant of the servants of God | A title for the Pope. |
| sesquipedalia verba | words a foot and a half long | From Horace's Ars Poetica, "proicit ampullas et sesquipedalia verba" ("he throws down his high-flown language and his foot-and-a-half-long words"). A self-referential jab at long words and needlessly elaborate language in general. |
| Si comprehendis [,] non est Deus | if you understand [something], it is not God | Augustine of Hippo, Sermo 117.3.5; PL 38, 663 |
| si dormiam capiar | If I sleep, I may be caught | Motto of HMS Wakeful (H88) |
| Si monumentum requiris circumspice | If you seek (his) monument, look around you | from the epitaph on Christopher Wren's tomb in St Paul's Cathedral. |
| Si non oscillas, noli tintinnare | If you can't swing, don't ring | Inscribed on a plaque above the front door of the Playboy mansion in Chicago. |
| si omnes... ego non | if all ones... not I | |
| si peccasse negamus fallimur et nulla est in nobis veritas | if we deny having made a mistake, we are deceived, and there's no truth in us | From Christopher Marlowe's The Tragical History of Doctor Faustus, where the phrase is translated "if we say that we have no sin, we deceive ourselves, and there's no truth in us." (cf. 1 John 1:8 in the New Testament) |
| si quaeris peninsulam amoenam circumspice | if you seek a delightful peninsula, look around | Said to have been based on the tribute to architect Christopher Wren in St Paul's Cathedral, London: si monumentum requiris, circumspice (see above). State motto of Michigan, adopted in 1835; the spelling of 'peninsulam' is used in the motto, although the correct ancient spelling is 'paeninsulam'. |
| si quid novisti rectius istis, candidus imperti; si nil, his utere mecum. | if you can better these principles, tell me; if not, join me in following them | Horace, Epistles I :6, 67–68 |
| si tacuisses, philosophus mansisses | If you had kept your silence, you would have stayed a philosopher | This quote is often attributed to the Latin philosopher Boethius of the late fifth and early sixth centuries. It translates literally as, "If you had been silent, you would have remained a philosopher." The phrase illustrates a common use of the subjunctive verb mood. Among other functions it expresses actions contrary to fact. Sir Humphrey Appleby translated it to the PM as: "If you'd kept your mouth shut we might have thought you were clever." |
| si vales valeo (SVV) | if you are well, I am well (abbr) | A common beginning for ancient Roman letters. An abbreviation of si vales bene est ego valeo, alternatively written as SVBEEV. The practice fell out of fashion and into obscurity with the decline in Latin literacy. |
| si vis amari ama | If you want to be loved, love | This is often attributed to the Roman philosopher Seneca, found in the sixth of his letters to Lucilius. |
| si vis pacem, para bellum | if you want peace, prepare for war | From Publius Flavius Vegetius Renatus, De Re Militari. Origin of the name parabellum for some ammunition and firearms, such as the Luger Parabellum. (Similar to igitur qui desiderat pacem, praeparet bellum and in pace ut sapiens aptarit idonea bello.) |
| sic | thus | Or "just so". States that the preceding quoted material appears exactly that way in the source, despite any errors of spelling, grammar, usage, or fact that may be present. Used only for previous quoted text; ita or similar must be used to mean "thus" when referring to something about to be stated. |
| sic currite ut comprehendatis | Run to win | More specifically, So run, that ye may obtain, 1 Corinthians 24. Motto of Divine Word University, Madang, Papua New Guinea. |
| sic et non | thus and not | More simply, "yes and no". |
| sic gorgiamus allos subjectatos nunc | we gladly feast on those who would subdue us | Mock-Latin motto of The Addams Family. |
| sic infit | so it begins | |
| sic itur ad astra | thus you shall go to the stars | From Virgil, Aeneid book IX, line 641. Possibly the source of the ad astra phrases. Motto of several institutions, including the Royal Canadian Air Force. |
| sic parvis magna | greatness from small beginnings | Motto of Sir Francis Drake |
| sic passim | Thus here and there | Used when referencing books; see passim. |
| sic semper erat, et sic semper erit | Thus has it always been, and thus shall it ever be | |
| sic semper tyrannis | thus always to tyrants | Attributed to Brutus at the time of Julius Caesar's assassination and to John Wilkes Booth at the time of Abraham Lincoln's assassination; whether it was actually said at either of these events is disputed. State motto of Virginia, adopted in 1776. |
| sic transit gloria mundi | thus passes the glory of the world | A reminder that all things are fleeting. During Papal coronations, a monk reminds the Pope of his mortality by saying this phrase, preceded by pater sancte ("holy father") while holding before his eyes a burning paper illustrating the passing nature of earthly glories. This is similar to the tradition of a slave in a Roman triumphs whispering memento mori in the ear of the celebrant. |
| sic utere tuo ut alienum non laedas | use [what is] yours so as not to harm [what is] of others | Or "use your property in such a way that you do not damage others'". A legal maxim related to property ownership laws, often shortened to simply sic utere ("use it thus"). |
| sic vita est | thus is life | Or "such is life". Indicates that a circumstance, whether good or bad, is an inherent aspect of living. |
| sidere mens eadem mutato | Though the constellations change, the mind is universal | Latin motto of the University of Sydney. |
| signetur (sig or S/) | let it be labeled | Medical shorthand |
| signum fidei | Sign of the Faith | Motto of the Institute of the Brothers of the Christian Schools. |
| silentium est aureum | silence is golden | Latinization of the English expression "silence is golden". Also Latinized as silentium est aurum ("silence is gold"). |
| similia similibus curantur similia similibus curentur | similar things are taken care of by similar things let similar things be taken care of by similar things | "like cures like" and "let like be cured by like"; the first form ("curantur") is indicative, while the second form ("curentur") is subjunctive. The indicative form is found in Paracelsus (16th century), while the subjunctive form is said by Samuel Hahnemann, founder of homeopathy, and is known as the law of similars. |
| similia similibus solvuntur | similar substances will dissolve similar substances | Used as a general rule in chemistry; "like dissolves like" refers to the ability of polar or non polar solvents to dissolve polar or non polar solutes respectively.[120] |
| simplex sigillum veri | simplicity is the sign of truth | expresses a sentiment akin to Keep It Simple, Stupid |
| sincere et constanter | sincere and constant | Motto of the Order of the Red Eagle |
| sine anno (s.a.) | without a year | Used in bibliographies to indicate that the date of publication of a document is unknown. |
| sine die | without a day | Originally from old common law texts, where it indicates that a final, dispositive order has been made in the case. In modern legal context, it means there is nothing left for the court to do, so no date for further proceedings is set, resulting in an "adjournment sine die". |
| sine ira et studio | without anger and fondness | Thus, impartially. From Tacitus, Annals 1.1. |
| sine honoris titulo | without honorary title | Addressing oneself to someone whose title is unknown. |
| sine labore non erit panis in ore | without labour there will be no bread in mouth | |
| sine loco (s.l.) | without a place | Used in bibliographies to indicate that the place of publication of a document is unknown. |
| sine metu | "without fear" | Motto of Jameson Irish Whiskey |
| sine nomine (s.n.) | "without a name" | Used in bibliographies to indicate that the publisher of a document is unknown. |
| sine poena nulla lex | Without penalty, there is no law | Refers to the ineffectiveness of a law without the means of enforcement |
| sine prole | Without offspring | Frequently abbreviated to "s.p." or "d.s.p." (decessit sine prole – "died without offspring") in genealogical works. |
| sine prole superstite | Without surviving children | Without surviving offspring (even in abstract terms) |
| sine timore aut favore | Without Fear or Favor | St.George's School, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada motto |
| sine qua non | without which not | Used to denote something that is an essential part of the whole. See also condicio sine qua non. |
| sine remediis medicina debilis est | without remedies medicine is powerless | Inscription on a stained glass in the conference hall of a pharmaceutical mill in Kaunas, Lithuania. |
| sine scientia ars nihil est | without knowledge, skill is nothing | |
| sisto activitatem | I cease the activity | Phrase, used to cease the activities of the Sejm upon the liberum veto principle |
| sit nomen Domini benedictum | blessed be the name of the Lord | Phrase used in a pontifical blessing imparted by a Catholic bishop |
| sit nomine digna | may it be worthy of the name | Motto of Rhodesia |
| sit sine labe decus | let honour stainless be | Motto of the Brisbane Boys' College (Brisbane, Australia). |
| sit tibi terra levis | may the earth be light to you | Commonly used on gravestones, often contracted as S.T.T.L., the same way as today's R.I.P. |
| sit venia verbo | may there be forgiveness for the word | Similar to the English idiom "pardon my French". |
| sol iustitiae illustra nos | sun of justice, shine upon us | Motto of Utrecht University. |
| sol lucet omnibus | the sun shines on everyone | Petronius, Satyricon Lybri 100. |
| sol omnia regit | the sun rules over everything | Inscription near the entrance to Frombork Museum |
| sola fide | by faith alone | The material principle of the Protestant Reformation and one of the five solas, referring to the Protestant claim that the Bible teaches that men are saved by faith even without works. |
| sola dosis facit venemum | the dose makes the poison | It is credited to Paracelsus who expressed the classic toxicology maxim "All things are poison and nothing is without poison; only the dose makes a thing not a poison." |
| sola gratia | by grace alone | A motto of the Protestant Reformation and one of the five solas, referring to the Protestant claim that salvation is an unearned gift (cf. ex gratia), not a direct result of merit. |
| sola lingua bona est lingua mortua | the only good language is a dead language | Example of dog Latin humor. |
| sola scriptura | by scripture alone | The formal principle of the Protestant Reformation and one of the five solas, referring to the Protestant idea that the Bible alone is the ultimate authority, not the Pope or tradition. |
| sola nobilitat virtus | virtue alone ennobles | Similar to virtus sola nobilitas |
| solamen miseris socios habuisse doloris | misery loves company | From Christopher Marlowe's The Tragical History of Doctor Faustus. |
| soli Deo gloria (S.D.G.) | glory to God alone | A motto of the Protestant Reformation and one of the five solas, referring to the idea that God is the creator of all good things and deserves all the praise for them. Johann Sebastian Bach often signed his manuscripts with the abbreviation S.D.G. to invoke this phrase, as well as with AMDG (ad maiorem Dei gloriam). The motto of the MasterWorks Festival, an annual Christian performing arts festival. |
| solus Christus | Christ alone | A motto of the Protestant Reformation and one of the five solas, referring to the Protestant claim that the Bible teaches that Jesus is the only mediator between God and mankind. Also rendered solo Christo ("by Christ alone"). |
| solus ipse | I alone | |
| solvitur ambulando | it is solved by walking | The problem is solved by taking a walk, or by simple experiment. |
| Spartam nactus es; hanc exorna | your lot is cast in Sparta, be a credit to it | from Euripides's Telephus, Agamemnon to Menelaus.[121] |
| specialia generalibus derogant | special departs from general | |
| species nova | new species | Used in biological taxonomy |
| speculum speculorum | mirror of mirrors | |
| spem gregis | the hope of the flock | from Virgil's Eclogues |
| spem reduxit | he has restored hope | Motto of New Brunswick. |
| spero meliora | I aspire to greater things | Also translated "I expect better" and "I hope for better things." |
| spes bona | good hope | Motto of University of Cape Town. |
| spes vincit thronum | hope conquers (overcomes) the throne | Refers to Revelation 3:21, "To him that overcometh will I grant to sit with me in my throne, even as I also overcame, and am set down with my Father in his throne." On the John Winthrop family tombstone, Boston, Massachusetts. |
| spiritus mundi | spirit of the world | From The Second Coming (poem) by William Butler Yeats. Refers to Yeats' belief that each human mind is linked to a single vast intelligence, and that this intelligence causes certain universal symbols to appear in individual minds. The idea is similar to Carl Jung's concept of the collective unconscious. |
| spiritus ubi vult spirat | the spirit spreads wherever it wants | Refers to The Gospel of Saint John 3:8, where he mentions how Jesus told Nicodemus "The wind blows wherever it wants, and even though you can hear its noise, you don't know where it comes from or where it goes. The same thing happens to whomever has been born of the Spirit." It is the motto of Cayetano Heredia University[122] |
| splendor sine occasu | brightness without setting | Loosely "splendour without diminishment" or "magnificence without ruin". Motto of British Columbia. |
| stamus contra malo | we stand against by evil | The motto of the Jungle Patrol in The Phantom. The phrase actually violates Latin grammar because of a mistranslation from English, as the preposition contra takes the accusative case. The correct Latin rendering of "we stand against evil" would be "stamus contra malum". |
| stante pede | with a standing foot | "Immediately". |
| stare decisis | to stand by the decided things | To uphold previous rulings, recognize precedent. |
| stat sua cuique dies | There is a day [turn] for everybody | Virgil, Aeneid, X 467 |
| statim (stat) | "immediately" | Medical shorthand used following an urgent request.[123] |
| statio bene fide carinis | A safe harbour for ships | Motto of Cork City, Ireland. Adapted from Virgil's Aeneid (II, 23: statio male fida carinis, "an unsafe harbour") but corrupted for unknown reasons to "fide". |
| status quo | the situation in which | The current condition or situation. Also status quo ante ("the situation in which [things were] before"), referring to the state of affairs prior to some upsetting event (cf. reset button technique). |
| status quaestionis | the state of investigation | most commonly employed in scholarly literature to refer in a summary way to the accumulated results, scholarly consensus, and areas remaining to be developed on any given topic. |
| status quo ante bellum | the state before the war | A common term in peace treaties. |
| stet | let it stand | Marginal mark in proofreading to indicate that something previously deleted or marked for deletion should be retained. |
| stet fortuna domus | let the fortune of the house stand | First part of the motto of Harrow School, England, and inscribed upon Ricketts House, at the California Institute of Technology. |
| stipendium peccati mors est | the reward of sin is death | From Christopher Marlowe's The Tragical History of Doctor Faustus. (See Rom 6:23, "For the wages of sin is death, but the free gift of God is eternal life in Christ Jesus our Lord.") |
| strenuis ardua cedunt | the heights yield to endeavour | Motto of the University of Southampton. |
| stricto sensu cf. sensu stricto | with the tight meaning | Less literally, "in the strict sense". |
| stupor mundi | the wonder of the world | A title given to Frederick II, Holy Roman Emperor. More literally translated "the bewilderment of the world", or, in its original, pre-Medieval sense, "the stupidity of the world". |
| sua sponte | by its own accord | Legal term when a court takes up a motion on its own initiative, not because any of the parties to the case has made the motion. The regimental motto of the 75th Ranger Regiment of the U.S. Army. |
| sub anno | under the year | Commonly abbreviated s.a. or sa, it is used in citing annals, which record events by year. |
| sub cruce lumen | The Light Under the Cross | Motto of the University of Adelaide, Australia. Refers to the figurative "light of learning" and the Southern Cross constellation, Crux. |
| sub divo | under the wide open sky | Also, "under the sky", "in the open air", "out in the open" or "outdoors". Ablative "divo" does not distinguish divus, divi, a god, from divum, divi, the sky. |
| sub finem | toward the end | Used in citations to refer to the end of a book, page, etc., and abbreviated 's.f.' Used after the page number or title. E.g., 'p. 20 s.f. ' |
| sub Iove frigido | under cold Jupiter | At night; from Horace's Odes 1.1:25 |
| sub judice | under a judge | Said of a case that cannot be publicly discussed until it is finished. Also sub iudice. |
| sub poena | under penalty | Commonly rendered subpoena. Said of a request, usually by a court, that must be complied with on pain of punishment. Examples include subpoena duces tecum ("take with you under penalty"), a court summons to appear and produce tangible evidence, and subpoena ad testificandum ("under penalty to testify"), a summons to appear and give oral testimony. |
| sub rosa | under the rose | "In secret", "privately", "confidentially", or "covertly". In the Middle Ages, a rose was suspended from the ceiling of a council chamber to indicate that what was said in the "under the rose" was not to be repeated outside. This practice originates in Greek mythology, where Aphrodite gave a rose to her son Eros, and he, in turn, gave it to Harpocrates, the god of silence, to ensure that his mother's indiscretions—or those of the gods in general, in other accounts—were kept under wraps. |
| sub nomine (sub nom.) | under the name | "in the name of", "under the title of"; used in legal citations to indicate the name under which the litigation continued. |
| sub silentio | under silence | implied but not expressly stated. |
| sub specie aeternitatis | under the sight of eternity | Thus, "from eternity's point of view". From Spinoza, Ethics. |
| sub specie Dei | under the sight of God | "from God's point of view or perspective". |
| sub tuum praesidium | Beneath thy compassion | Name of the oldest extant hymn to the Theotokos (Blessed Virgin Mary). Also "under your protection". A popular school motto. |
| Sub umbra floreo | Under the shade I flourish | National Motto of Belize, referring to the shade of the mahogany tree. |
| sub verbo; sub voce | Under the word or heading, as in a dictionary; abbreviated s.v. | |
| sublimis ab unda | Raised from the waves | Motto of King Edward VII and Queen Mary School, Lytham |
| subsiste sermonem statim | stop speaking immediately | |
| Succisa virescit | Cut down, we grow back stronger | Motto of Delbarton School |
| Sudetia non cantat | One doesn't sing on the Sudeten Mountains | Saying from Hanakia |
| sui generis | Of its own kind | In a class of its own. |
| sui iuris | Of one's own right | Capable of responsibility. Has both legal and ecclesiastical use. Commonly rendered sui juris. |
| sum quod eris | I am what you will be | A gravestone inscription to remind the reader of the inevitability of death (cf. memento mori). Also rendered fui quod sis ("I have been what you are") and tu fui ego eris ("I have been you, you will be I"). |
| sum quod sum | I am what I am | from Augustine's Sermon No. 76.[124] |
| summa cum laude | with highest praise | |
| summa potestas | sum or totality of power | It refers to the final authority of power in government. For example, power of the Sovereign. |
| summa summarum | all in all | Literally "sum of sums". When a short conclusion is rounded up at the end of some elaboration. |
| summum bonum | the supreme good | Literally "highest good". Also summum malum ("the supreme evil"). |
| summum ius, summa iniuria | supreme law, supreme injustice | From Cicero (De officiis, I, 10, 33). An acritical application of law, without understanding and respect of laws's purposes and without considering the overall circumstances, is often a means of supreme injustice. A similar sentence appears in Terence (Heautontimorumenos, IV, 5): Ius summum saepe summa est malitia ("supreme justice is often out of supreme malice (or wickedness)"). |
| sumptibus auctoris | published [cost of printing paid] by author | Found in self-published academic books of the 17th to 19th century. Often preceded by Latin name of city in which the work is published. |
| sunt lacrimae rerum | there are tears for things | From Virgil, Aeneid. Followed by et mentem mortalia tangunt ("and mortal things touch my mind"). Aeneas cries as he sees Carthaginian temple murals depicting the deaths of the Trojan War. See also hinc illae lacrimae. |
| sunt omnes unum | they are all one | |
| sunt pueri pueri, pueri puerilia tractant | Children are children, and children do childish things | anonymous proverb |
| sunt superis sua iura | the gods have their own laws | From Ovid's Metamorphoses, book IX, line 500; also used by David Hume in The Natural History of Religion, chapter XIII |
| suo jure | in one's own right | Used in the context of titles of nobility, for instance where a wife may hold a title in her own right rather than through her marriage. |
| suo motu | upon one's own initiative | Also rendered suo moto. Usually used when a court of law, upon its own initiative, (i.e., no petition has been filed) proceeds against a person or authority that it deems has committed an illegal act. It is used chiefly in South Asia.[citation needed] |
| suos cultores scientia coronat | Knowledge crowns those who seek her | The motto of Syracuse University, New York. |
| super firmum fundamentum dei | On the firm foundation of God | The motto of Ursinus College, Pennsylvania. |
| super fornicam | on the lavatory | Where Thomas More accused the reformer, Martin Luther, of going to celebrate Mass. |
| superbia in proelia | pride in battle | Motto of Manchester City F.C. |
| superbus via inscientiae | proud of the way of ignorance | Motto of the Alien Research Labs of the fictional Black Mesa Research Facility in the video game Half-Life (1998) |
| supero omnia | I surpass everything | A declaration that one succeeds above all others. |
| surdo oppedere | to belch before the deaf | From Erasmus' collection of annotated Adagia (1508): a useless action. |
| surgam | I shall rise | Motto of Columbia University's Philolexian Society. |
| sursum corda | Lift up your hearts | Literally, “Lift hearts”. Motto of Haileybury College, Hertfordshire. The opening dialogue to the Preface of the Eucharistic Prayer or Anaphora in the liturgies of the Christian Church. |
| sutor, ne ultra crepidam | Cobbler, no further than the sandal! | Thus, don't offer your opinion on things that are outside your competence. It is said that the Greek painter Apelles once asked the advice of a cobbler on how to render the sandals of a soldier he was painting. When the cobbler started offering advice on other parts of the painting, Apelles rebuked him with this phrase in Greek, and it subsequently became a popular Latin expression. |
| suum cuique tribuere | to render to every man his due | One of Justinian I's three basic precepts of law. Also shortened to suum cuique ("to each his own"). |
| s.v. | Abbreviation for sub verbo or sub voce (see above). |
T
| Latin | Translation | Notes |
|---|---|---|
| tabula gratulatoria | congratulatory tablet | A list of congratulations. |
| tabula rasa | scraped tablet | Thus, "blank slate". Romans used to write on wax-covered wooden tablets, which were erased by scraping with the flat end of the stylus. John Locke used the term to describe the human mind at birth, before it had acquired any knowledge. |
| talis qualis | just as such | "Such as it is" or "as such". |
| taliter qualiter | somewhat | |
| talium Dei regnum | for of such (little children) is the kingdom of God | from St Mark's gospel 10:14 "talium (parvuli) est enim regnum Dei"; similar in St Matthew's gospel 19:14 "talium est enim regnum caelorum" ("for of such is the kingdom of heaven"); motto of the Cathedral School, Townsville. |
| tanquam ex ungue leonem | we know the lion by his claw | Said in 1697 by Johann Bernoulli about Isaac Newton's anonymously submitted solution to Bernoulli's challenge regarding the Brachistochrone curve. |
| tarde venientibus ossa | To the late are left the bones | |
| Te occidere possunt sed te edere non possunt nefas est | They can kill you, but they cannot eat you, it is against the law. | The motto of the fictional Enfield Tennis Academy in the David Foster Wallace novel Infinite Jest. Translated in the novel as "They can kill you, but the legalities of eating you are quite a bit dicier". |
| technica impendi nationi | Technology impulses nations | Motto of Technical University of Madrid |
| temet nosce | know thyself | A reference to the Greek γνῶθι σεαυτόν (gnothi seauton), inscribed on the pronaos of the Temple of Apollo at Delphi, according to the Greek periegetic writer Pausanias (10.24.1). Rendered also with nosce te ipsum, temet nosce ("thine own self know") appears in The Matrix translated as "know thyself". |
| tempora heroica | Heroic Age | Literally "Heroic Times"; refers to the period between the mythological Titanomachy and the (relatively) historical Trojan War. |
| tempora mutantur et nos mutamur in illis | the times are changing, and we change in them | 16th century variant of two classical lines of Ovid: tempora labuntur ("time labors", Fasti) and omnia mutantur ("everything changes", Metamorphoses). See entry for details. |
| tempus edax rerum | time, devourer of all things | Also "time, that devours all things", literally: "time, gluttonous of things", edax: adjectival form of the verb edo to eat. From Ovid, Metamorphoses, 15, 234-236. |
| tempus fugit | Time flees. Time flies. | From Virgil's Georgics (Book III, line 284), where it appears as fugit inreparabile tempus. A common sundial motto. See also tempus volat, hora fugit below. |
| tempus rerum imperator | time, commander of all things | "Tempus Rerum Imperator" has been adopted by the Google Web Accelerator project. It is shown in the "About Google Web Accelerator" page. Also, motto of Worshipful Company of Clockmakers. |
| tempus vernum | spring time | Name of song by popular Irish singer Enya |
| tempus volat, hora fugit | time flies, the hour flees | |
| tendit in ardua virtus | virtue strives for what is difficult | Appears in Ovid's Epistulae ex Ponto |
| teneo te Africa | I hold you, Africa! | Suetonius attributes this to Julius Caesar, from when Caesar was on the African coast. |
| tentanda via | The way must be tried | motto for York University |
| ter in die (t.i.d.) | thrice in a day | Medical shorthand for "three times a day". |
| terminat hora diem; terminat auctor opus. | The hour finishes the day; the author finishes his work. | Phrase concluding Christopher Marlowe's play Doctor Faustus.[125] |
| terminus ante quem | limit before which | In archaeology or history, refers to the date before which an artefact or feature must have been deposited. Used with terminus post quem (limit after which). Similarly, terminus ad quem (limit to which) may also refer to the latest possible date of a non-punctual event (period, era, etc.), while terminus a quo (limit from which) may refer to the earliest such date. |
| terra australis incognita | unknown southern land | First name used to refer to the Australian continent |
| terra firma | solid earth | Often used to refer to the ground |
| terra incognita | unknown land | |
| terra nova | new land | Latin name of Newfoundland (island portion of Canadian province of Newfoundland and Labrador, capital- St. John's), also root of French name of same, Terre-Neuve |
| terra nullius | land of none | That is, no man's land. A neutral or uninhabited area, or a land not under the sovereignty of any recognized political entity. |
| terras irradient | let them illuminate the lands | Or "let them give light to the world". An allusion to Isaiah 6.3: plena est omnis terra gloria eius ("the whole earth is full of his glory"). Sometimes mistranslated as "they will illuminate the lands" based on mistaking irradiare for a future indicative third-conjugation verb, whereas it is actually a present subjunctive first-conjugation verb. Motto of Amherst College; the college's original mission was to educate young men to serve God. |
| tertium non datur | no third (possibility) is given | A logical axiom that a claim is either true or false, with no third option. |
| tertium quid | a third something | 1. Something that cannot be classified into either of two groups considered exhaustive; an intermediate thing or factor. 2. A third person or thing of indeterminate character. |
| testis unus, testis nullus | one witness is not a witness | A law principle expressing that a single witness is not enough to corroborate a story. |
| textus receptus | received text | |
| Tibi cordi immaculato concredimus nos ac consecramus | We consecrate to your immaculate heart and entrust to you (Mary) for safekeeping | The inscription found on top of the central door of the Minor Basilica of the Immaculate Conception, otherwise known as the Manila Cathedral in the Philippines |
| timeo Danaos et dona ferentes | I fear Greeks even if they bring gifts | Danaos being a term for the Greeks. In Virgil's Aeneid, II, 49, the phrase is said by Laocoön when warning his fellow Trojans against accepting the Trojan Horse. The full original quote is quidquid id est timeo Danaos et dona ferentis, quidquid id est meaning "whatever it is" and ferentis being an archaic form of ferentes. Commonly mistranslated "Beware of Greeks bearing gifts". |
| timidi mater non flet | A coward's mother does not weep | A proverb from Cornelius Nepos's Vita of Thrasybulus: praeceptum illud omnium in animis esse debet, nihil in bello oportere contemni, neque sine causa dici matrem timidi flere non solere (that old precept has to be held by all in our minds: nothing should be condemned in war, and it is for a reason that it is said the mother of a coward does not weep [for her cowardly son]). |
| timor mortis conturbat me | the fear of death confounds me | Refrain originating in the response to the seventh lesson in the Office of the Dead. In the Middle Ages, this service was read each day by clerics. As a refrain, it appears also in other poems and can frequently be found inscribed on tombs. |
| toto cælo | by whole heaven | as far apart as possible; utterly. |
| totus tuus | totally yours | Offering one's life in total commitment to another. The motto was adopted by Pope John Paul II to signify his love and servitude to Mary the Mother of Jesus. |
| traditionis custodes | guardians of tradition | Motu proprio issued by Pope Francis in 2021 regarding the celebration of the Tridentine Mass. |
| transire benefaciendo | to travel along while doing good | Literally "beneficial passage." Mentioned in "The Seamy Side of History" (L'envers de l'histoire contemporaine, 1848), part of La Comédie humaine, by Honoré de Balzac, and Around the World in Eighty Days by Jules Verne. |
| translatio imperii | transfer of rule | Used to express the belief in the transfer of imperial authority from the Roman Empire of antiquity to the Medieval Holy Roman Empire. |
| tres faciunt collegium | three makes company | It takes three to have a valid group; three is the minimum number of members for an organization or a corporation. |
| treuga Dei | Truce of God | A decree by the medieval Church that all feuds should be cancelled during the Sabbath—effectively from Wednesday or Thursday night until Monday. See also Peace and Truce of God. |
| tria juncta in uno | Three joined in one | Motto of the Order of the Bath |
| Triste est omne animal post coitum, præter mulierem gallumque | Every animal is sad after coitus except the human female and the rooster | |
| tu autem Domine miserere nobis | But Thou, O Lord, have mercy upon us | Phrase said at the end of biblical readings in the liturgy of the medieval church. Also used in brief, "tu autem", as a memento mori epitaph. |
| tuitio fidei et obsequium pauperum | Defence of the faith and assistance to the poor | Motto of the Association of Canadian Knights of the Sovereign and Military Order of Malta.[126] |
| tu fui ego eris | I was you; you will be me | Thus, "what you are, I was; what I am, you will be.". A memento mori gravestone inscription to remind the reader that death is unavoidable (cf. sum quod eris). |
| tu ne cede malis, sed contra audentior ito | you should not give in to evils, but proceed ever more boldly against them | From Virgil, Aeneid, 6, 95. "Ne cede malis" is the motto of The Bronx. |
| tu quoque | you too | The logical fallacy of attempting to defend one's position merely by pointing out the same weakness in one's opponent. |
| tu stultus es | you are stupid | Motto for the satirical news organization, The Onion |
| tuebor | I will protect | Found on the Great Seal on the flag of the state of Michigan. |
| tunica propior est pallio | A tunic is closer [to the body] than a cloak | From Plautus' Trinummus 1154. Equivalent to "blood is thicker than water" in modern English. |
| turris fortis mihi Deus | God is my strong tower | Motto of the Kelly Clan |
| tutum te robore reddam | I will give you safety by strength | Motto of the Clan Crawford |
| tuum est | It's up to you | Motto of the University of British Columbia |
U
| Latin | Translation | Notes | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| uberrima fides | most abundant faith | Or "utmost good faith" (cf. bona fide). A legal maxim of insurance contracts requiring all parties to deal in good faith. | ||
| ubertas et fidelitas | fertility and faithfulness | Motto of Tasmania. | ||
| ubi amor, ibi dolor | where [there is] love, there [is] pain | |||
| ubi bene, ibi patria | where [it is] well, there [is] the fatherland | Or "Home is where it's good"; see also ubi panis ibi patria. | ||
| ubi caritas et amor, Deus ibi est | where there is charity and love, God is there | |||
| ubi dubium, ibi libertas | where [there is] doubt, there [is] freedom | Anonymous proverb. | ||
| ubi jus, ibi remedium | Where [there is] a right, there [is] a remedy | |||
| ubi mel, ibi apes | where [there is] honey, there [are] bees | Similar to "you catch more bees with honey than with vinegar"—treat people nicely and they will treat you nicely in return. | ||
| ubi libertas. ibi patria | where [there is] liberty, there [is] the fatherland | Or "where there is liberty, there is my country". Patriotic motto. | ||
| ubi nihil vales, ibi nihil velis | where you are worth nothing, there you will wish for nothing | From the writings of the Flemish philosopher Arnold Geulincx; also quoted by Samuel Beckett in his first published novel, Murphy. | ||
| ubi non accusator, ibi non iudex | where [there is] no accuser, there [is] no judge | Thus, there can be no judgment or case if no one charges a defendant with a crime. The phrase is sometimes parodied as "where there are no police, there is no speed limit". | ||
| ubi panis ibi patria | where there is bread, there is my country | |||
| ubi pus, ibi evacua | where there is pus, there evacuate it | |||
| ubi, re vera | when, in a true thing | Or "whereas, in reality..." Also rendered ubi, revera ("when, in fact" or "when, actually"). | ||
| ubi societas, ibi ius | if there's a society, law will be there | By Aristotle. | ||
| ubi solitudinem faciunt pacem appellant | They make a desert and call it peace | from a speech by Calgacus reported/constructed by Tacitus, Agricola, ch. 30. | ||
| ubi sunt? | where are they? | Nostalgic theme of poems yearning for days gone by. From the line ubi sunt, qui ante nos fuerunt? ("Where are they, those who have gone before us?"). | ||
| ubique, quo fas et gloria ducunt | everywhere, where right and glory leads | Motto of the Royal Engineers, Royal Artillery and most other Engineer or Artillery corps within the armies of the British Commonwealth (for example, the Royal Australian Engineers, Royal Canadian Engineers, Royal New Zealand Engineers, Royal Canadian Artillery, Royal Australian Artillery, Royal New Zealand Artillery). Interunit rivalry often leads to the sarcastic translation of ubique to mean all over the place in a derogative sense. Motto of the American Council on Foreign Relations, where the translation of ubique is often given as omnipresent, with the implication of pervasive hidden influence.[127] | ||
| ultima ratio | last method the final argument the last resort (as force) |
| ||
| ultimo mense (ult.) | in the last month | Used in formal correspondence to refer to the previous month. Used with inst. ("this month") and prox. ("next month"). | ||
| ultra vires | beyond powers | "Without authority". Used to describe an action done without proper authority, or acting without the rules. The term will most often be used in connection with appeals and petitions. | ||
| ultra posse nemo obligatur | No one is obligated beyond what he is able to do. | |||
| ululas Athenas | (to send) owls to Athens | From Gerhard Gerhards' (1466–1536) [better known as Erasmus] collection of annotated Adagia (1508). Latin translation of a classical Greek proverb. Generally means putting large effort in a necessarily fruitless enterprise. Compare "selling coal to Newcastle". | ||
| una hirundo non facit ver | one swallow does not make summer | A single example of something positive does not necessarily mean that all subsequent similar instances will have the same outcome. | ||
| una salus victis nullam sperare salutem | the only safety for the conquered is to hope for no safety | Less literally, "the only safe bet for the vanquished is to expect no safety". Preceded by moriamur et in media arma ruamus ("let us die even as we rush into the midst of battle") in Virgil's Aeneid, book 2, lines 353–354. Used in Tom Clancy's novel Without Remorse, where character John Clark translates it as "the one hope of the doomed is not to hope for safety". It was said several times in "Andromeda" as the motto of the SOF units. | ||
| unitas, iustitia, spes | unity, justice, hope | Motto of Vilnius. | ||
| unitas per servitiam | unity through service | Motto for the St. Xavier's Institution Board of Librarians. | ||
| uniti aedificamus | united we build | Motto of the Mississippi Makerspace Community | ||
| uno flatu | in one breath | Used in criticism of inconsistent pleadings, i.e. "one cannot argue uno flatu both that the company does not exist and that it is also responsible for the wrong." | ||
| uno sumus animo | we are one of soul | Motto of Stedelijk Gymnasium Leiden | ||
| unus multorum | one of many | An average person. | ||
| Unus papa Romae, unus portus Anconae, una turris Cremonae, una ceres Raconae | One pope in Rome, one port in Ancona, one tower in Cremona, one beer in Rakovník | Motto of the Czech Brewery in Rakovník.[129] | ||
| Unus pro omnibus, omnes pro uno | One for all, all for one | unofficial motto of Switzerland, popularized by The Three Musketeers | ||
| Urbi et Orbi | to the city and the circle [of the lands] | Meaning "To Rome and the World". A standard opening of Roman proclamations. Also a traditional blessing by the pope. | ||
| urbs in horto | city in a garden | Motto of the City of Chicago. | ||
| usque ad finem | to the very end | Often used in reference to battle, implying a willingness to keep fighting until you die. | ||
| usus est magister optimus | practice is the best teacher. | In other words, practice makes perfect. Also sometimes translated "use makes master." | ||
| ut aquila versus coelum | As an eagle towards the sky | Motto of Bowdoin College, Brunswick, Maine | ||
| ut biberent quoniam esse nollent | so that they might drink, since they refused to eat | Also rendered with quando ("when") in place of quoniam. From a book by Suetonius (Vit. Tib., 2.2) and Cicero (De Natura Deorum, 2.3). The phrase was said by Roman admiral Publius Claudius Pulcher right before the battle of Drepana, as he threw overboard the sacred chickens which had refused to eat the grain offered them—an unwelcome omen of bad luck. Thus, the sense is, "if they do not perform as expected, they must suffer the consequences". He lost the battle disastrously. | ||
| ut cognoscant te | so that they may know You. | Motto of Boston College High School. | ||
| ut desint vires, tamen est laudanda voluntas | though the power be lacking, the will is to be praised all the same | From Ovid, Epistulae ex Ponto (III, 4, 79). | ||
| ut dicitur | as has been said; as above | |||
| ut incepit fidelis sic permanet | as she began loyal, so she persists | Poetically, "Loyal she began, loyal she remains." Motto of Ontario. | ||
| ut infra | as below | |||
| ut in omnibus glorificetur Deus. | that in all things, God may be glorified | Motto of the Order of Saint Benedict | ||
| ut mare quod ut ventus | to sea and into wind | Motto of USNS Washington Chambers | ||
| ut omnes te cognoscant | that all may know you | Motto of Niagara University | ||
| ut omnes unum sint | That they all may be one | Motto of Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Germany | ||
| ut prosim | that I may serve | Motto of Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University | ||
| ut proverbium loquitur vetus... | you know what they say... | Lit: As the old proverb says... | ||
| ut res magis valeat quam pereat | that the matter may have effect rather than fail[130] | |||
| ut retro | as backwards | Or "as on the back side"; thus, "as on the previous page" (cf. ut supra). | ||
| ut Roma cadit, sic omnis terra | as Rome falls, so [falls] the whole world | |||
| ut sit finis litium | so there might be an end of litigation | A traditional brocard. The full form is Interest reipublicae ut sit finis litium, "it is in the government's interest that there be an end to litigation." Often quoted in the context of statutes of limitation. | ||
| ut supra | as above | |||
| ut tensio sic vis | as the extension, so the force | Robert Hooke's expression of his discovery of his law of linear elasticity. Also: Motto of École Polytechnique de Montréal. Motto of the British Watch and Clockmaker's Guild. | ||
| utilis in ministerium | usefulness in service | Comes from 2 Timothy 4:11. Motto of Camberwell Girls Grammar School. | ||
| utraque unum | both into one | Also translated as "that the two may be one." Motto found in 18th century Spanish dollar coins. Motto of Georgetown University.From the Vulgate, Eph. 2:14, Ipse enim est pax nostra, qui fecit utraque unum, "For he is our peace, who hath made both one." | ||
| utrinque paratus | ready for anything | Motto of The British Parachute Regiment. Motto of the Belize National Coast Guard. |
V
| Latin | Translation | Notes |
|---|---|---|
| vacate et scire | Be still and know. | Motto of the University of Sussex |
| vade ad formicam | go to the ant | From the Vulgate, Proverbs 6:6. The full quotation translates as "Go to the ant, you sluggard; consider its ways and be wise!"[Pro 6:6] |
| vade mecum | go with me | A vade-mecum or vademecum is an item one carries around, especially a handbook. |
| vade retro Satana | go back, Satan | An exhortation to Satan to be gone, often a Roman Catholic response to temptation. From a popular Medieval Roman Catholic exorcism formula, derived from the rebuke of Jesus Christ to St. Peter, as quoted in the Vulgate, Mark 8:33: vade retro me Satana ("get behind Me, Satan").[Mark 8:33] The phrase "vade retro" ("go back") is also in Terence's Formio, I, 4, 203. |
| valenter volenter | strongly and willingly | Motto of HMS Valorous (L00) |
| vae, puto deus fio | ah, I think I am becoming a god | Last words of Vespasian according to Suetonius in his Twelve Caesars |
| vae victis | woe to the conquered | Attributed by Livy to Brennus, the chief of the Gauls, stated with his demand for more gold from the citizens of the sacked city of Rome in 390 BC. |
| vanitas vanitatum omnia vanitas | vanity of vanities; everything [is] vanity | Or more simply: "vanity, vanity, everything vanity". From the Vulgate, Ecclesiastes 1:2;12:8. |
| vaticinium ex eventu | prophecy from the event | A purported prediction stated as if it was made before the event it describes, while in fact being made thereafter. |
| vel non | or not | Summary of alternatives, e. g., "this action turns upon whether the claimant was the deceased's grandson vel non." |
| velle est posse | to be willing is to be able | Non-literally, "where there is a will, there is a way". It is the motto of Hillfield, one of the founding schools of Hillfield Strathallan College. |
| velocius quam asparagi coquantur | faster than asparagus can be cooked | Rendered by Robert Graves in I, Claudius as "as quick as boiled asparagus". Ascribed to Augustus by Suetonius in The Twelve Caesars, Book 2 (Augustus), para. 87. It refers to anything done very quickly. A very common variant is celerius quam asparagi cocuntur ("faster than asparagus [is] cooked"). |
| velut arbor aevo | as a tree with the passage of time | Motto of the University of Toronto, Canada |
| veni, vidi, vici | I came, I saw, I conquered | The message supposedly sent by Julius Caesar to the Roman Senate to describe his battle against King Pharnaces II of Pontus near Zela in 47 BC. |
| venturis ventis | to the coming winds | Motto of Brasília, the capital of Brazil |
| vera causa | true cause | |
| vera natura | true nature | Used in Metaphysics and specifically in Kant's Transcendental Idealism to refer to a subject as it exists in its logically distinct form rather than as it is perceived by the human faculty.[131][132] |
| verba docent exempla trahunt | words instruct, illustrations lead | This refers to the relevance of illustrations, for example in preaching. |
| verba ex ore | words from mouth | Taking the words out of someone's mouth, speaking exactly what the other colloquist wanted to say. |
| verba ita sunt intelligenda ut res magis valeat quam pereat | words are to be understood such that the subject matter may be more effective than wasted | I. e., when explaining a subject, it is important to clarify rather than confuse. |
| verba vana aut risui non loqui | not to speak words in vain or to start laughter | A Roman Catholic religious precept, being Rule 56 of the Rule of Saint Benedict. |
| verba volant, scripta manent | words fly away, writings remain | Quotation from a famous speech of Caius Titus in the ancient Roman Senate. |
| verbatim | word for word | The phrase refers to perfect transcription or quotation. |
| verbatim et literatim | word for word and letter by letter | |
| verbi divini minister | servant of the Divine Word | A phrase denoting a priest. Cf. "Verbum Dei" infra. |
| verbi gratia (v. gr. or v. g.) | for example | Literally, "for the sake of a word". |
| Verbum Dei | Word of God | See religious text. |
| Verbum Domini lucerna pedibus nostris | The word of the Lord [is] a light for our feet | Motto of the University of Groningen |
| verbum Domini manet in aeternum (VDMA) | the word of the Lord endures forever | Motto of the Lutheran Reformation |
| verb. sap. verbum sap. | a word to the wise [is sufficient] | A phrase denoting that the listener can fill in the omitted remainder, or enough is said. It is the truncation of "verbum sapienti sat[is] est". |
| verbum volitans | flying word | A word that floats in the air, on which everyone is thinking and is just about to be imposed.[citation needed] |
| veritas | truth | Motto of many educational institutions |
| veritas aequitas | truth [and] justice | |
| veritas, bonitas, pulchritudo, sanctitas | truth, goodness, beauty, [and] sanctity | Motto of Fu Jen Catholic University, Taiwan |
| veritas Christo et ecclesiae | truth for Christ and church | The de iure motto of Harvard University, United States, which dates to its foundation; it is often shortened to veritas to remove its original religious meaning. |
| veritas cum libertate | truth with liberty | Motto of Winthrop University |
| veritas curat | truth cures | Motto of Jawaharlal Institute of Postgraduate Medical Education and Research |
| veritas Dei vincit | the truth of God conquers | Motto of the Hussites |
| veritas Domini manet in aeternum | the truth of the Lord remains for eternity | |
| veritas et fortitudo | truth and fortitude | One of the mottos of the Lyceum of the Philippines University |
| veritas et virtus | truth and virtue | Motto of the University of Pittsburgh, Methodist University, and Mississippi College |
| veritas, fides, sapientia | truth, faith, [and] wisdom | Motto of Dowling Catholic High School |
| veritas in caritate | truth in charity | Motto of Bishop Wordsworth's School, St Munchin's College, and the University of Santo Tomas |
| veritas, iustitia, libertas | truth, justice, [and] liberty | Motto of the Free University of Berlin |
| veritas liberabit vos | truth shall liberate you | Motto of Xavier University – Ateneo de Cagayan |
| veritas lux mea | truth [is] my light | A common, non-literal translation is "truth enlightens me"; motto of Seoul National University, South Korea |
| veritas numquam perit | truth never expires | by Seneca the Younger |
| veritas odit moras | truth hates delay | by Seneca the Younger |
| veritas odium parit | truth breeds hatred | |
| veritas omnia vincit | truth conquers all | A quotation from a letter of Jan Hus; frequently used as a motto |
| veritas, probitas, iustitia | truth, honesty, justice | Motto of the University of Indonesia |
| veritas, unitas, caritas | truth, unity, [and] love | Motto of Villanova University, United States |
| veritas vincit | truth conquers | Cf. "veritas omnia vincit" supra. Motto on the standard of the presidents of Czechoslovakia and the Czech Republic, and of the Scottish Clan Keith |
| Veritas. Virtus. Libertas. | Truth. Virtue. Liberty. | Motto of the University of Szeged, Hungary |
| veritas vitæ magistra | truth is the teacher of life | Another plausible translation is "truth is the mistress of life". It is the unofficial motto of the University of Puerto Rico, Río Piedras and is inscribed in its tower. |
| veritas vos liberabit | truth will liberate you [all] | Motto of Johns Hopkins University, United States |
| veritate duce progredi | advancing with truth leading | Motto of the University of Arkansas, United States |
| [in] veritate et caritate | in truth and charity | Motto of Catholic Junior College, Singapore; St. Xavier's School, and Hazaribagh, India |
| veritate et virtute | with truth and virtue | Motto of Sydney Boys High School. It is alternatively rendered "virtute et veritate" ("with virtue and truth"), which is the motto of Walford Anglican School for Girls and Pocklington School. |
| veritatem dilexi | I esteemed truth | Alternatively, "I loved truth"; motto of Bryn Mawr College |
| veritatem fratribus testari | to bear witness to truth in fraternity | Motto of Xaverian Brothers High School |
| veritatem cognoscere | to know truth | Motto of the Clandestine Service of the United States Central Intelligence Agency |
| vero nihil verius | nothing [is] truer than truth | Motto of Mentone Girls' Grammar School |
| vero possumus | yes, we can | A variation of the campaign slogan of then-Senator Barack Obama, which was superimposed on a variation of the Great Seal of the United States during the US presidential campaign of 2008.[133] |
| versus (vs) or (v.) | towards | Literally, "in the direction [of]". It is erroneously used in English for "against", probably as the truncation of "adversus", especially in reference to two opponents, e. g., the parties to litigation or a sports match. |
| vestigia nulla retrorsum | Never a backward step | Motto of Wanganui Collegiate School |
| veto | I forbid | The word denotes the right to unilaterally forbid or void a specific proposal, especially legislation. It is derived from ancient Roman voting procedures. |
| vexata quaestio | vexed question | Latin legal phrase denoting a question that is often debated or considered, but is not generally settled, such that contrary answers may be held by different persons. |
| vexilla regis prodeunt inferni | forth go the banners of the king of Hell | Authored by Dante Alighieri in Canto XXXIV of the Inferno, the phrase is an allusion to and play upon the Latin Easter hymn Vexilla Regis. The phrase is repeatedly referenced in the works of Walter M. Miller, Jr.. |
| vi coactus | under constraint | A legal phrase regarding contracts that indicates agreement made under duress. |
| vi et animo | with heart and soul | Alternatively, "strength and courage"; motto of the Ascham School |
| vi veri universum vivus vici | by the power of truth, I, while living, have conquered the universe | Magickal motto of Aleister Crowley. |
| via | by the road/way | The word denotes "by way of" or "by means of", e. g., "I will contact you via email". |
| via media | middle road/way | This phrase describes a compromise between two extremes or the radical center political position. |
| via, veritas, vita | the Way, the Truth, [and] the Life | Words of Jesus Christ in John 14:6; motto of many institutions |
| viam sapientiae monstrabo tibi | I will show you the way of wisdom | Motto of DePaul University |
| vice | in place of | The word refers to one who acts in the place of another. It is used as a separate word or as a hyphenated prefix, e. g., "Vice President" and "Vice-Chancellor". |
| vice versa versa vice | with position turned | Thus, "the other way around", "conversely", et cetera. Historically and in British English, vice is pronounced as two syllables, but in American English the singular-syllable pronunciation is almost universal. Classical Latin pronunciation dictates that the letter "c" is only a hard sound, like "k". Moreover, the letter "v", when consonantal, represents /w/; hence WEE-keh WEHR-sah.[134] |
| victoria aut mors | victory or death | Similar to aut vincere aut mori. |
| victoria concordia crescit | victory comes from harmony | Motto of Arsenal F.C. |
| victrix causa diis placuit sed victa Catoni | the victorious cause pleased the gods, but the conquered cause pleased Cato | Authored by Lucan in Pharsalia, 1, 128. The dedicatory inscription on the south face of the Confederate Memorial in Arlington National Cemetery, Virginia, United States. |
| vide | "see" or "refer to" | The word is used in scholarly citations. |
| vide infra (v. i.) | see below | The word is used in scholarly works. |
| vide supra (v. s.) | see above | The word is used in scholarly works to refer to previous text in the same document. It is sometimes truncated to "supra". |
| videlicet (viz.) | "namely", "that is to say", or "as follows" | A contraction of "videre licet" ("it is permitted to see"), vide infra. |
| video et taceo | I see and keep silent | Motto of Queen Elizabeth I of England |
| video meliora proboque deteriora sequor | I see and approve of the better, but I follow the worse | From the Metamorphoses Book 7, 20-1 of Ovid, being a summary of the experience of akrasia. |
| video sed non credo | I see it, but I do not believe it | The statement of Caspar Hofmann after being shown proof of the circulatory system by William Harvey. |
| videre licet | "it is permitted to see" or "one may see" | The phrase is used in scholarship. |
| vim promovet insitam | promotes one's innate power | Motto of the University of Bristol, derived from Horace, Ode 4, 4. |
| vince malum bono | overcome evil with good | A partial quotation of Romans 12:21; motto of Old Swinford Hospital and Bishop Cotton School in Shimla |
| vincere est vivere | to conquer is to live | Motto of Captain John Smith |
| vincere scis Hannibal victoria uti nescis | you know [how] to win, Hannibal; you do not know [how] to use victory | According to Livy, a colonel in the cavalry stated this to Hannibal after victory in the Battle of Cannae in 216 BC, meaning that Hannibal should have marched on Rome immediately. |
| vincit omnia veritas | truth conquers all | University of Mindanao |
| vincit qui patitur | he conquers who endures | First attributed to the Roman scholar and satirst Persius; frequently used as a motto. |
| vincit qui se vincit | he (she) conquers who conquers himself (herself) | Motto of many educational institutions, including the Philadelphia High School for Girls and North Sydney Boys High School. It is alternatively rendered as bis vincit qui se vincit ("he (she) who prevails over himself (herself) is twice victorious"). It is also the motto of the Beast in Disney's film Beauty and the Beast, as seen inscribed in the castle's stained glass window near the beginning of the film. |
| vinculum juris | the chain of the law | The phrase denotes that a thing is legally binding. "A civil obligation is one which has a binding operation in law, vinculum juris." (Bouvier's Law Dictionary (1856), "Obligation") |
| vinum et musica laetificant cor | wine and music gladden the heart | Asterix and Caesar's Gift; it is a variation of "vinum bonum laetificat cor hominis". |
| vinum regum, rex vinorum | the wine of kings, the king of wines | The phrase describes Hungarian Tokaji wine, and is attributed to King Louis XIV of France. |
| viperam sub ala nutricare | a viper nursed at the bosom | A caveat regarding trusting someone against his inherent nature; the moral of Aesop's fable The Farmer and the Viper. |
| vir quisque vir | every man a man | Motto of the US collegiate fraternity Lambda Chi Alpha. |
| Vires acquirit eundo | she gathers strength as she goes | A quotation from Vergil's Aeneid, Book 4, 175, which in the original context refers to Pheme. Motto on the Coat of arms of Melbourne |
| Viribus Unitis | with united forces | Motto of the house of Habsburg-Lorraine |
| virile agitur | the manly thing is being done | Motto of Knox Grammar School |
| viriliter age | "act manfully" or "act courageously" | Motto of Marist College Ashgrove and other institutions |
| viriliter agite | act in a manly way | Motto of St Muredach's College and the PAREF Southridge School for Boys |
| viriliter agite estote fortes | act manfully, be strong | Motto of Culford School |
| virtus et labor | virtue and [hard] work | |
| virtus et scientia | virtue and knowledge | Common motto |
| virtus in media stat | virtue stands in the middle | A principle derived from the ethical theory of Aristotle. Idiomatically, "good practice lies in the middle path" between two extremes. It is disputed whether media or medio is correct. |
| virtus junxit mors non separabit | that which virtue unites, let not death separate | |
| virtus laudata crescit | greatness increases with praise | Motto of the Berkhamsted School |
| virtus non stemma | valor, not garland | Motto of the Duke of Westminster, inscribed at his residence in Eaton, and the motto of Grosvenor Rowing Club and Harrow County School for Boys |
| virtus sola nobilitas | virtue alone [is] noble | Motto of Christian Brothers College, St Kilda; similar to sola nobilitat virtus |
| virtus tentamine gaudet | strength rejoices in the challenge | Motto of Hillsdale College, Michigan, United States |
| virtus unita fortior | virtue united [is] stronger | State motto of Andorra |
| virtute duce | led by virtue | |
| virtute duce comite fortuna | led by virtue, accompanied by [good] fortune | |
| virtute et armis | by virtue and arms | Alternatively, "by manliness and weapons". The State motto of Mississippi, United States. The phrase was possibly derived from the motto of Lord Gray de Wilton, virtute non armis fido ("I trust in virtue, not in arms"). |
| virtute et industria | by virtue and industry | Motto of Bristol, United Kingdom |
| virtute et veritate | by virtue and truth | Motto of Pocklington School |
| vis legis | the power of the law | |
| vis major | force majeure, superior force | |
| visio dei | vision of a god | |
| vita ante acta | a life done before | The phrase denotes a previous life, generally believed to be the result of reincarnation. |
| vita, dulcedo, spes | Mary, [our] life, sweetness, [and] hope | Motto of the University of Notre Dame, Indiana, United States, which is derived from the Roman Catholic hymn to the Blessed Virgin Mary titled Salve Regina. |
| vita incerta, mors certissima | life is uncertain, death is most certain | More simply, "the most certain thing in life is death". |
| vita mutatur, non tollitur | life is changed, not taken away | The phrase is a quotation from the preface of the first Roman Catholic rite of the Mass for the Dead. |
| vita patris | during the life of the father | Hence the term "decessit vita patris" (d. v. p) or "died v. p.", which is seen in genealogical works such as Burke's Peerage. |
| vita summa brevis spem nos vetat incohare longam | the shortness of life prevents us from entertaining far-off hopes | This is a wistful refrain that is sometimes used ironically. It is derived from the first line of Horace's Ode 1. It was later used as the title of a short poem of Ernest Dowson. |
| vitae corona fides | faith is the crown of life | Motto of Colchester Royal Grammar School. |
| vitai lampada tradunt | they hand on the torch of life | A quotation from the poem of Lucretius, De rerum natura, Book 2, 77-9. The ordinary spelling "vitae" in two syllables had to be changed to "vitaï" in three syllables to satisfy the requirements of the poem's dactylic hexameters. Motto of the Sydney Church of England Grammar School and others. |
| vitam amplificare hominibus hominesque societati | mankind [who] extends the life of the community | Motto of East Los Angeles College, California, United States |
| viva voce | living voice | The phrase denotes an oral, as opposed to written, examination of a candidate. |
| vivat crescat floreat | may it live, grow, [and] flourish | |
| vivat rex | may the king live | The acclamation is ordinary translated as "long live the king!". In the case of a queen, "vivat regina" ("long live the queen"). |
| vivat rex, curat lex | long live the king, guardian of the law | A curious translation of the pun on "vivat rex", found in Westerham parish church in Kent, England. |
| vive memor leti | live remembering death | Authored by Persius. Cf. "memento mori". |
| vive ut vivas | live so that you may live | The phrase suggests that one should live life to the fullest and without fear of the possible consequences. |
| vivere est cogitare | to live is to think | Authored by Cicero. Cf. "cogito ergo sum". |
| vivere militare est | to live is to fight | Authored by Seneca the Younger in Epistle 96, 5. Cf. the allegory of Miles Christianus based on "militia est vita hominis" from the Vulgate, Book of Job 7:1. |
| vocare ad regnum | call to fight | Alternatively, "call to Kingdom". Motto of professional wrestler Triple H, and seen in his entrance video. |
| vocatus atque non vocatus Deus aderit | called and not called, God will be present | Alternatively, "called and even not called, God approaches". Attributed to the Oracle at Delphi. Motto of Carl Jung, and inscribed in his home and grave. |
| volenti non fit injuria | to one willing, no harm is done | Alternatively, "to him who consents, no harm is done". The principle is used in the law of torts and denotes that one can not be held liable for injuries inflicted on another who consented to the act that injured him. |
| volo non fugia | I fly but do not flee | Motto of HMS Venetia[135] |
| vos estis sal terrae | you are the salt of the earth | A famous biblical sentence proclaimed by Jesus Christ. |
| votum separatum | separate vow | The phrase denotes an independent, minority voice. |
| vox clamantis in deserto | the voice of one clamoring in the desert | Or traditionally, "the voice of one crying in the wilderness". A quotation of the Vulgate, Isaiah 40:3, and quoted by St. John the Baptist in Mark 1:3 and John 1:23). Motto of Dartmouth College, Hanover, New Hampshire, United States. |
| vox nihili | voice of nothing | The phrase denotes a useless or ambiguous statement. |
| vox populi | voice of the people | The phrase denotes a brief interview of a common person that is not previously arranged, e. g., an interview on a street. It is sometimes truncated to "vox pop." |
| vox populi, vox Dei | the voice of the people [is] the voice of God | In the opinion of the majority of the people. |
| vulpes pilum mutat, non mores | the fox changes his fur, not his habits | By extension, and in common morality, humanity can change their attitudes, but they will hardly change their objectives or what they have set themselves to achieve. Ascribed to Titus by Suetonius in the eighth book (chapter 16) of The Twelve Caesars. |
Footnotes
- ^ Assertions, such as those by Bryan A. Garner in Garner's Modern English Usage,[42] that "eg" and "ie" style versus "e.g.," and "i.e.," style are two poles of British versus American usage are not borne out by major style guides and usage dictionaries, which demonstrate wide variation. To the extent anything approaching a consistent general conflict can be identified, it is between American and British news companies' different approaches to the balance between clarity and expediency, without complete agreement on either side of the Atlantic, and with little evidence of effects outside journalism circles, e.g. in book publishing or academic journals.
There is no consistent British style. For example, The Oxford Dictionary for Writers and Editors has "e.g." and "i.e." with points (periods);[43] Fowler's Modern English Usage takes the same approach,[44] and its newest edition is especially emphatic about the points being retained.[45] The Oxford Guide to Style (also republished in Oxford Style Manual and separately as New Hart's Rules) also has "e.g." and "i.e.";[46] the examples it provides are of the short and simple variety that often see the comma dropped in American usage as well. None of those works prescribe specifically for or against a comma following these abbreviations, leaving it to writers' own judgment.
Some specific publishers, primarily in news journalism, drop one or both forms of punctuation as a matter of house style. They seem more frequently to be British than American (perhaps owing to the AP Stylebook being treated as a de facto standard across most American newspapers, without a UK counterpart). For example, The Guardian uses "eg" and "ie" with no punctuation,[47] while The Economist uses "eg," and "ie," with commas and without points,[48] as does The Times of London.[49] A 2014 revision to New Hart's Rules states that it is now "Oxford style" to not use a comma after e.g. and i.e. (which retain the points), "to avoid double punctuation".[50] This is a rationale it does not apply to anything else, and Oxford University Press has not consistently imposed this style on its publications that post-date 2014, including Garner's Modern English Usage.
By way of US comparison, The New York Times uses "e.g." and "i.e.", without a rule about a following comma – like Oxford usage in actual practice.[51] The Chicago Manual of Style requires "e.g.," and "i.e.,".[52] The AP Stylebook preserves both types of punctuation for these abbreviations.[53]
"British" and "American" are not accurate as stand-ins for Commonwealth and North American English more broadly; actual practice varies even among national publishers. The Australian government's Style Manual for Authors, Editors and Printers preserves the points in the abbreviations, but eschews the comma after them (it similarly drops the title's serial comma before "and", which most UK and many US publishers would retain).[54] Editing Canadian English by the Editors' Association of Canada uses the periods and the comma;[55] so does A Canadian Writer's Reference.[56] The government publication The Canadian Style uses the periods but not the comma.[57]
Style guides are generally in agreement that both abbreviations are preceded by a comma or used inside a parenthetical construction, and are best confined to the latter and to footnotes and tables, rather than used in running prose.
References
- ^ a b Potter, David S. (2014). The Roman Empire at Bay, AD 180–395. Routledge. p. 77. ISBN 9781134694778.
- ^ An explanation of Livy's usage.
- ^ a b Bretzke, James T. 1998. Consecrated Phrases: a Latin Theological Dictionary: Latin Expressions Commonly Found in Theological Writings. Liturgical Press. ISBN 0-8146-5880-6, 978-0-8146-5880-2. p. 10.
- ^ "Actore non probante reus absolvitur", Ballantine's Law Dictionary (1916) – via openjurist.org
- ^ Blackstone, William. "Of Injuries to Real Property, and First of Dispossession, or Ouster, of the Freehold." Ch. 10 in Commentary on the Laws of England 3. n. 47.
- ^ Pope John XXIII, Journal of a Soul, pp. 154–155
- ^ "T. Maccius Plautus, Cistellaria, or The Casket, act 1, scene 1". www.perseus.tufts.edu. Retrieved 2021-07-24.
- ^ "annus horribilis". Merriam-Webster Dictionary online. Merriam-Webster, Inc. Retrieved 17 March 2018.
- ^ "apologia pro vita sua". Merriam-Webster.
- ^ Peter Jones (2006). Reading Ovid: Stories from the Metamorphoses. Cambridge University Press. p. 223. ISBN 0-521-84901-2.
- ^ C. Barlaeus, Rerum per octennium in Brasilia et alibi nuper gestarum
- ^ "Quando i politici si rifugiano nel latino", La Repubblica, 7 July 2004.
- ^ Ovidi Nasonis Epistvlae Heroidvm, XIII. Laodamia Protesilao
- ^ "Turner Inspired: In the Light of Claude, National Gallery, WC2 – review" by Brian Sewell, Evening Standard, 15 March 2012
- ^ cacoēthes. Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short. A Latin Dictionary on Perseus Project.
- ^ κακοήθης. Liddell, Henry George; Scott, Robert; A Greek–English Lexicon at the Perseus Project
- ^ "Epistula XI". Epistularum Q. Horatii Flacci Liber Primus. The Society for Ancient Languages. Archived from the original on 2013-06-26. Retrieved 2013-05-29.
- ^ Adeleye, Gabriel (1999). Sienkewicz, Thomas J. (ed.). World Dictionary of Foreign Expressions. Bolchazy-Carducci. p. 55. ISBN 0865164231.
- ^ Saint Augustine. "Liber Quartusdecimus". Opera Omnia of St. Augustine. Rome: Città Nuova. Archived from the original on 2010-12-13. Retrieved 2013-07-12.CS1 maint: bot: original URL status unknown (link)
- ^ Tacitus Histories 1.49
- ^ Caritas in Veritate, in English
- ^ "De rosis nascentibus" Archived 2007-08-11 at the Wayback Machine, Bibliotheca Augustina
- ^ "Commonly used shorthand for dictionaries". yaelf.com. Archived from the original on 2010-02-08.
- ^ "Guide to Punctuation". sussex.ac.uk.
- ^ Jon R. Stone, More Latin for the Illiterati, Routledge, 1999, p. 53.
- ^ Giles Jacob, A Law Grammar, W. Clarke & Sons, 1817, p. 3.
- ^ "Glossary – Help". Judiciary of Scotland. Retrieved 23 June 2014.
- ^ "Unit History for Staff Sergeant Robert J. Miller – Medal of Honor Recipient". army.mil.
- ^ Annales Cambriae, English and Latin, vortigernstudies.org.uk
- ^ Actus non facit reum, nisi mens sit rea: An Investigation into the Treatment of Mens Rea in the Quest to Hold Individuals Accountable for Genocide Mens Rea: The Mental Element quoting and citing William A. Schabas, "The Jelisic Case and the Mens Rea of the Crime of Genocide", Leiden Journal of International Law 14 (2001): 129.
- ^ Clan Fergus(s)on Society Retrieved on 14 December 2007
- ^ Davies & Rutherford 2003, p. 153.
- ^ Caillau 1838, p. 412.
- ^ "University of Minnesota Style Manual: Correct Usage". .umn.edu. 2010-11-22. Archived from the original on 2010-08-19. Retrieved 2011-01-19.
- ^ Lee, Chelsea (3 November 2011). "The Proper Use of Et Al. in APA Style". blog.apastyle.org. American Psychological Association.
- ^ https://maternalheart.org/library/missal.pdf
- ^ Gray, John (2006), "Lawyer's Latin (a vade-mecum)", Hale, London, ISBN 9780709082774.
- ^ "Pliny the Elder: the Natural History, Liber VIII". Penelope.uchicago.edu. Retrieved 2011-01-19.
- ^ Law & Martin 2009.
- ^ Entry for "expressly" in: Meltzer, Peter E. The Thinker's Thesaurus: Sophisticated Alternatives to Common Words. W. W. Norton & Company, 2015 (3rd edition). ISBN 0393338975, ISBN 9780393338973.
- ^ "Word Fact: What's the Difference Between i.e. and e.g.?". blog.Dictioanry.com. IAC Publishing. August 19, 2014. Retrieved July 8, 2017.
- ^ Garner, Bryan A. (2016). "e.g." and "i.e.". Garner's Modern English Usage (4th ed.). pp. 322–323, 480. This is an internationalized expansion of what was previously published as Garner's Modern American Usage.
- ^ Ritter, Robert M., ed. (2003). "e.g." and "i.e.". Oxford Style Manual. Oxford University Press. pp. 704, 768.. Material previously published separately as The Oxford Dictionary for Writers and Editors.
- ^ Burchfield, R. W.; Fowler, H. W., eds. (2004). "e.g." and "i.e.". Fowler's Modern English Usage (3rd ed.). Oxford U. Pr. pp. 240, 376.
- ^ Butterfield, Jeremy; Fowler, H. W., eds. (2015). "e.g." and "i.e.". Fowler's Dictionary of Modern English Usage (4th ed.). Oxford U. Pr. pp. 248, 393.
Both should always be printed lower case roman with two points and no spaces."
- ^ Ritter, Robert M., ed. (2003). "3.8: e.g., i.e., etc.". Oxford Style Manual. Oxford U. Pr. pp. 69–70.
- ^ "abbreviations and acronyms". Guardian and Observer style guide. Guardian Media Group/Scott Trust. 2017. Retrieved July 8, 2017.
- ^ "Abbreviations". The Economist Style Guide. Economist Group. 2017. Retrieved July 8, 2017.
- ^ "eg," and ", ie". The Times Online Style Guide. Archived from the original on June 29, 2011. Retrieved July 8, 2017.
- ^ Waddingham, Anne, ed. (2014). "4.3.8: Other uses [of the comma]". New Hart's Rules: The Oxford Style Guide (2nd ed.). Oxford U. Pr. p. 79.
- ^ Siegal, Allan M.; Connolly, William G.; Corbett, Philip B.; et al., eds. (2015). "e.g." and "i.e.". The New York Times Manual of Style (2015 ed.). The New York Times Company/Three Rivers Press. E-book edition v3.1, ISBN 978-1-101-90322-3.
- ^ "5.250: i.e; e.g.". The Chicago Manual of Style (17th ed.). University of Chicago Press. 2017.
- ^ "e.g." and "i.e.". Associated Press Stylebook and Briefing on Media Law (2009 ed.). Associated Press/Basic Books. pp. 95, 136.
- ^ "6.73". Style Manual for Authors, Editors and Printers (5th ed.). Australian Government Publishing Service. 1996. p. 84.
- ^ "4.22: Latin Abbreviations". Editing Canadian English: The Essential Canadian Guide (Revised and Updated (2nd) ed.). McClelland & Stewart/Editors' Association of Canada. 2000. pp. 52–53.. States no rule about the comma, but illustrates use with it in §4.23 on the same page.
- ^ Hacker, Diana; et al. (2008). "M4-d: Be sparing in your use of Latin abbreviations". A Canadian Writer's Reference (4th ed.). Bedford/St. Martin's. pp. 308–309. This is a Canadian revision of an originally American publication.
- ^ "12.03: Words commonly misused or confused". The Canadian Style (Revised and Expanded (2nd) ed.). Dundurn Press/Public Works and Government Services Canada Translation Bureau. 1997. pp. 233–234.
- ^ Rapini, Ronald P. (2005). Practical dermatopathology. Elsevier Mosby. ISBN 0-323-01198-5.
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Additional references
- Adeleye, Gabriel G. (1999). Thomas J. Sienkewicz; James T. McDonough, Jr. (eds.). World Dictionary of Foreign Expressions. Wauconda, Illinois: Bolchazy-Carducci. ISBN 0865164223.
- Stone, Jon R. (1996). Latin for the Illiterati. London and New York City: Routledge. ISBN 0415917751.